Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar IPS melalui Implementasi Strategi Peta Konsep di SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Depok

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) mendiskripsikan implementasi strategi peta konsep untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar IPS peserta didik, 2) meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar IPS peserta didik melalui implementasi strategi peta konsep, dan 3) mengetahui kendala-kendala dan cara mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS . Penelitian tindakan kelas ini diimplementasikan pada peserta didik kelas VIII D SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Depok Sleman karena terindikasi bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran IPS masih rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Aktivitas peserta didik mengalami peningkatan yaitu dari rerata keseluruhan 3,39 atau senilai 67,8 pada siklus I menjadi 3,48 yaitu senilai 70 pada siklus II yaitu klasifikasi cukup menjadi baik. Hasil belajar peserta didik yang mencapai nilai KKM pada siklus I sebanyak 14 orang yaitu sekitar 43,75 % dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 28 orang dengan persentase 85%. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi ini adalah masih lemahnya manajemen waktu dari peneliti dalam proses pembelajaran serta penilaian terhadap aktivitas peserta didik karena terbatasnya pengamatan terhadap mereka dan kadang bersifat subjekif. Upaya mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi dengan pengalokasian waktu yang ketat dalam proses pembelajaran dan penilaian aktivitas peserta didik dapat dilakukan dengan penilaian antar mereka

Private Government and the Transparency Deficit

Modern government is comprised of a complex admixture of public and private actors. From the provision of public services, to growing movements to sell off national parks, to the very task of legislating, the public is unlikely to encounter an area of government that is untouched by privatization. But public transparency mechanisms, including the seminal Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), rely upon an outdated, rigid conception of the private-public dichotomy. They fail to provide the public with any meaningful access to what we call the “private government,” which includes the private actors who bear an increasing responsibility for performing governmental functions. A paradigm shift is required, from a focus on who creates or possesses a document, to the public impact and importance of the document. We propose to turn the primary tool of privatization—the private law contract—into a mechanism for injecting public oversight into contractual delegation. Specifically, we outline a framework for a statute which would require agencies to retain ownership of information created pursuant to a contractual relationship or to justify, ex ante, why the public interest in public access is outweighed by other considerations. The agency-owned records would be subject to the full panoply of ordinary FOIA provisions and any decision to exempt records from the ownership requirement would be subject to judicial review. Our proposal mitigates some of the problems inherent in asking private entities to open their books to FOIA scrutiny and properly places the onus on public agencies to fulfill their roles as protectors of the public

Simulation and Optimization Modeling for Drive-Through Mass Vaccination – A Generalized Approach

Proper planning and execution of mass vaccination at the onset of a pandemic outbreak is important for local health departments. Mass vaccination clinics are required to be setup and run for naturally occurring pandemic outbreaks or even in response to terrorist attacks, e.g., anthrax attack. Walk-in clinics have often been used to administer vaccines. When a large percentage of a population must be vaccinated to mitigate the ill-effects of an attack or pandemic, drive-through clinics appear to be more effective because a much higher throughput can be achieved when compared to walk-in clinics. There are other benefits as well. For example, the spread of the disease can be minimized because infected patients are not exposed to uninfected patients. This research extends the simulation modeling work that was done for a mass vaccination drive-through clinic in the city of Louisville in November 2009. This clinic is the largest clinic set up in Louisville with more than 19,000 patients served, over two-thirds via ten drive-through lanes. The intent of the model in this paper is to illustrate a general tool that can be customized for a community of any size. The simulation-optimization tool will allow decision makers to investigate several interacting control variables in a simultaneous fashion; any of several criterion models in which various performance measures are either optimized or constrained, can be investigated. The model helps the decision maker determine the required number of Points of Dispense (POD) lanes, number and length of the lanes for consent hand outs and fill in, staff needed at the consent handout stations and PODs, and average user waiting time in the system

CirdoX: an On/Off-line Multisource Speech and Sound Analysis Software

International audienceVocal User Interfaces in domestic environments recently gained interest in the speech processing community. This interest is due to the opportunity of using it in the framework of Ambient Assisted Living both for home automation (vocal command) and for call for help in case of distress situations, i.e. after a fall. CIRDOX, which is a modular software, is able to analyse online the audio environment in a home, to extract the uttered sentences and then to process them thanks to an ASR module. Moreover, this system perfoms non-speech audio event classification; in this case, specific models must be trained. The software is designed to be modular and to process on-line the audio multichannel stream. Some exemples of studies in which CIRDOX was involved are described. They were operated in real environment, namely a Living lab environment. Keywords: audio and speech processing, natural language and multimodal interactions, Ambient Assisted Living (AAL)

Geometrothermodynamics of black holes

The thermodynamics of black holes is reformulated within the context of the recently developed formalism of geometrothermodynamics. This reformulation is shown to be invariant with respect to Legendre transformations, and to allow several equivalent representations. Legendre invariance allows us to explain a series of contradictory results known in the literature from the use of Weinhold's and Ruppeiner's thermodynamic metrics for black holes. For the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole the geometry of the space of equilibrium states is curved, showing a non trivial thermodynamic interaction, and the curvature contains information about critical points and phase transitions. On the contrary, for the Kerr black hole the geometry is flat and does not explain its phase transition structure.Comment: Revised version, to be published in Gen.Rel.Grav.(Mashhoon's Festschrift

Demographic Disparities in 1-to-Many Facial Identification

Most studies to date that have examined demographic variations in face recognition accuracy have analyzed 1-to-1 matching accuracy, using images that could be described as "government ID quality". This paper analyzes the accuracy of 1-to-many facial identification across demographic groups, and in the presence of blur and reduced resolution in the probe image as might occur in "surveillance camera quality" images. Cumulative match characteristic curves(CMC) are not appropriate for comparing propensity for rank-one recognition errors across demographics, and so we introduce three metrics for this: (1) d' metric between mated and non-mated score distributions, (2) absolute score difference between thresholds in the high-similarity tail of the non-mated and the low-similarity tail of the mated distribution, and (3) distribution of (mated - non-mated rank one scores) across the set of probe images. We find that demographic variation in 1-to-many accuracy does not entirely follow what has been observed in 1-to-1 matching accuracy. Also, different from 1-to-1 accuracy, demographic comparison of 1-to-many accuracy can be affected by different numbers of identities and images across demographics. Finally, we show that increased blur in the probe image, or reduced resolution of the face in the probe image, can significantly increase the false positive identification rate. And we show that the demographic variation in these high blur or low resolution conditions is much larger for male/ female than for African-American / Caucasian. The point that 1-to-many accuracy can potentially collapse in the context of processing "surveillance camera quality" probe images against a "government ID quality" gallery is an important one.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, Conference submissio

Isospin effects on the energy of vanishing flow in heavy-ion collisions

Using the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model we study the isospin effects on the disappearance of flow for the reactions of $^{58}Ni$ + $^{58}Ni$ and $^{58}Fe$ +$^{58}Fe$ as a function of impact parameter. We found good agreement between our calculations and experimentally measured energy of vanishing flow at all colliding geometries. Our calculations reproduce the experimental data within 5%(10%) at central (peripheral) geometries

Our Deep CNN Face Matchers Have Developed Achromatopsia

Modern deep CNN face matchers are trained on datasets containing color images. We show that such matchers achieve essentially the same accuracy on the grayscale or the color version of a set of test images. We then consider possible causes for deep CNN face matchers ``not seeing color''. Popular web-scraped face datasets actually have 30 to 60\% of their identities with one or more grayscale images. We analyze whether this grayscale element in the training set impacts the accuracy achieved, and conclude that it does not. Further, we show that even with a 100\% grayscale training set, comparable accuracy is achieved on color or grayscale test images. Then we show that the skin region of an individual's images in a web-scraped training set exhibit significant variation in their mapping to color space. This suggests that color, at least for web-scraped, in-the-wild face datasets, carries limited identity-related information for training state-of-the-art matchers. Finally, we verify that comparable accuracy is achieved from training using single-channel grayscale images, implying that a larger dataset can be used within the same memory limit, with a less computationally intensive early layer