HAMILTON-JACOBI TREATMENT OF LAGRANGIANS WITHIN FRACTIONAL CAPUTO DERIVATIVES

In this work, the Hamilton-Jacobi formulation of fractional Caputo Lagrangians of linear velocities is investigated. The fractional Hamilton-Jacobi equations of motion for several potential systems are derived. Under certain conditions on the potential, it is shown that the action integral is independent on the fractional Caputo derivatives

Investigation into the prophylactic and therapeutic activity of coenzyme Q10 against COVID-19

Purpose: To evaluate the anti-SARS CoV-2 effect of Coenzyme Q 10, Ubiquinol-10, and idebenone, which have beneficial therapeutic applications against diverse virus types, using molecular docking approach.Methods: The potential activity of Coenzyme Q10, Ubiquinol-10, and Idebenone against viral infections was explored through the collection of data from relevant literature, and by modelling these compounds virtually, using in silico investigation methods.Results: Coenzyme Q10 and ubiquinol-10 showed significant docking performance. They interacted with numerous amino acid residues of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 (7C8J), Alpha thrombin (1AE8), TYRO (4TS1) protein targets sides, SARS-coronavirus Orf7a accessory protein (1XAK), TNF (1RJ8), and Cytokine/receptor (1I1R).Conclusion: The findings of our study showed promising inhibitory activities of the selected compounds against the main proteases of SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, these compounds have theoretical effects on inhibiting the viral entry, reproduction, and ultimately the prevention and/or treatment of the SARSCoV2 infection

Metabonomics as a clinical tool of analysis : LC-MS approaches

Metabolic differences between test and control groups (i.e. metabonomics) are routinely accomplished by using multivariate analysis for data obtained commonly from NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS. Multivariate analysis (e.g. principal component analysis PCA) is commonly used to extract potential metabolites responsible for clinical observations. Metabonomics applied to the clinical field is challenging because the physiological variabilities like gender, age, race…etc might govern the cluster pattern obtained by multivariate analysis instead of the tested differences. This review focuses on the challenges facing the clinical applications of metabonomics and introduces their possible solutions as mentioned in the literature

Microscopic trends in methanol/water and acetonitrile/water systems

Examination of some trends and differences between acetonitrile/water and methanol/water mixtures has been carried out. These systems are of interest for chromatographers since they are common mobile constituents. Some differences in the molecular arrangement of these solvents were observed from NMR and IR results. These observations might be of use in understanding and developing chromatographic separations. IR studies revealed C-H bond compression in methanol compared with acetonitrile which indicates different molecular arrangement in their aqueous mixtures. NMR and IR results show a clear non-linear behaviour in molecular arrangement. This justifies the deviation of methanol and acetonitrile aqueous solution from the norm. However, both solvents showed similar ionization suppression effects on examples of weak acids and bases

Stability Study of Etoricoxib a Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor by a New Single and Rapid Reversed Phase HPLC Method

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Etoricoxib is the most recent selective (COX-2) inhibitor that has a higher COX-2 selectivity than the other COX-2-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which significantly improves its gastric safety profile. The current therapeutic indications of etoricoxib includes the treatment of several painful conditions, such as osteoarthritis, acute gout, ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. To the best of found knowledge, no decent method has been reported that can be used for the routine determination of etoricoxib and additives in pharmaceutical suspensions by a single, rapid and cost-effective run of HPLC, using an UV-Vis detector. Earlier reported methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), capillary zone electrophoresis, and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), are all tedious and time consuming. A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used as a first reported single run method to achieve developed and validated simultaneous determination for sodium saccharin, vanillin, methyl paraben, etoricoxib, and butyl paraben, in prepared oral suspensions of etoricoxib. Reversed phase column of octadecylsilane (ODS) C18 with isocratic mobile phase containing methanol, and phosphate buffer of pH 6 in a ratio of 70:30 (v/v). Celecoxib is used as an internal standard at a detection wavelength of 215 nm. This method separates the analytes in a total running time less than 13 min. Linearity is obtained in the calibration curve for all analytes with a R2 value of > 0.999. Furthermore, beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) were added, either alone or combined, to prevent the crystal formation, and any unpleasant taste of etoricoxib in oral formulations. After testing both HP-β-CD and β-CD at 3% w/w for each, the results showed that HP-β-CD is more efficient in preventing the crystal formation of etoricoxib in suspensions at room temperature than β-CD is

The Development and Application of Novel IR and NMR-Based Model for the Evaluation of Carminative Effect of Artemisia judaica L. Essential Oil

Artemisia judaica L. is a medicinal plant that is traditionally used to relieve abdominal pains through its carminative activity. In this study, spectroscopic analysis was employed to investigate the carminative activity associated with A. judaica. Using infrared spectroscopy, the carminative activity was evaluated based on the first derivative of IR-characteristic stretching signal of CO2. Our results indicate that A. judaica oil effectively reduced the response of CO2 signal equivalent to thymol standard. Additionally, 1H-NMR spectroscopy was utilized to assess surface activity of A. judaica crude oil through the reduction of interfacial tension in a D2O/CDCl3 system. Apparently, 10 mg of the oil was able to solubilize water in a chloroform layer up to 4.3% (w/w). In order to correlate the observed surface activity of the oil to its actual composition, GC-MS and GC-FID structural analysis were undertaken. The results revealed that the oil composition consists of oxygenated terpenes which might be responsible for the carminative effect. Furthermore, owing to its sensitivity, our model provides a fundamental basis for the pharmacological assessment of trace amounts of oils with high precision and accuracy

7-(3-Chlorophenylamino)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid

7-(3-Chlorophenylamino)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2) was prepared and fully characterized by NMR, IR, and MS. Compound 2 exhibited good antibacterial activity against gram-positive standard and resistant strains

Comparison of different water-miscible solvents for the preparation of plasma and urine samples in metabolic profiling studies

The Lowry method and a capillary electrophoresis method were used to analyse protein residues in the supernatant after solvent deproteination of plasma. Acetonitrile and acetone were much more effective than methanol and ethanol at reducing the levels of proteins in plasma. The ability of different solvents to decrease levels of phospholipids in plasma samples was assessed using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (MS). Phospholipid signals can obscure differences between samples in general metabolite profiling (i.e. non-target compound) studies. Acetonitrile was much more effective than methanol in reducing the MS signal due to phospholipids in plasma which is a consequence of the poor solubility of phospholipids in acetonitrile. The capability of the solvents at reducing salts in urine samples was also studied by using an amperometric method. Using this approach little difference was detected between methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and acetone in their ability to desalt urine samples

Response to drug treatment in newly diagnosed epilepsy: a pilot study of 1H NMR- and MS-based metabonomic analysis

Understanding the biological basis of drug resistance and developing techniques which facilitate prediction of outcome have the potential to revolutionise the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy.We have performed a pilot study of metabonomic analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) in an effort to identify metabolic biomarkers of response to antiepileptic drug treatment. Pretreatment serum samples were obtained from 125 patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy who were taking part in a randomized monotherapy trial. Outcome (responder, nonresponder) was assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after starting treatment. Serum samples were subject to investigation by both NMR and MS and the resulting data interrogated by principal component analysis. There was no clear distinction in the metabolic profile, acquired by either NMR or MS, of responders and nonresponders to AED treatment at any of the three clinical end points investigated, suggesting that pretreatment serum samples do not contain any prominent biomarkers of responsiveness to initial treatment in new-onset epilepsy. Metabonomic analysis is undoubtedly applicable to the search for biological predictors of response to drug treatment in epilepsy, but future studies should employ larger patient cohorts, more discriminatory analyses, and a less equivocal clinical phenotype