Voices of three African American female college presidents: A qualitative study of their journeys

There are many prevailing myths that have influenced society\u27s perception of Black women. As a result, a tradition of negativity surrounds African American women in American society. It is these negative perceptions and misinterpretation of African American women\u27s behavior that found its way into colleges and universities (Myers, 1991, p. 9). Unlike White women, and Black men, Black women in academe experience double jeopardy; race and gender biases (Gregory, 1995; Myers, 2002). Research on Black women has found that they are concentrated at the lowest academic ranks, non-tenured, paid less than their male and White female counterparts, and promoted at slower rates, marginalized, viewed as tokens, isolated, expected to work harder, and generally lack mentorship and collegiality (Moses, 1997). Despite these obstacles, a number of Black women succeeded to become university and college presidents; The purpose of this research was to explore the journeys of three African American women college and university presidents through their history, educational preparation, career paths, and experiences. In addition, the expectation was to identify perceptions of barriers, strategies, and leadership characteristics employed to acquire the position of\u27 president. This study specifically addressed questions regarding their perceptions of challenges, how these challenges were overcome, and how those challenges shaped their leadership style. Exploration of these areas through observations, qualitative interviews, and document collection provided the researcher with valuable information that contributed to the extant research on African American women in leadership positions; The analysis and interpretation of the data was made through the phenomenological method of horizontalization, categorization, and textural and structural descriptions (Creswell, 1998; Merriam, 1998; Tesch, 1990; Spiegelberg, 1965; Moustakas, 1994). Using that methodology, seven themes were identified: family background, the communities where they grew up, segregation, Black identity development, educational experiences, professional pathway, and leadership style; The three participants in this study attributed their success to strong family backgrounds, growing up in Black communities, the Black church, and attending predominately Black schools which fostered their Black identity, strong sense of self; self-esteem, resiliency, motivation and determination to succeed. They found through resiliency and determination creative strategies to manage the obstacles they encountered as they journeyed to the presidency. While they each took various pathways to the presidency, they generally practiced transformational leadership styles

Looking for a break in Spanish Inflation Data in the early eighties and assessing persistence

Using the Bai-Perron test, we look for a shift in the conditional mean of an AR representation of Spanish CPI inflation over the period: 1978-2006. It is clear that Spain, as most OECD economies, experienced an inflation slowdown in the early eithgties, which can be related to some policy measures undertook by the government coming out of the 1982 elections. It is shown, that when the break is accounted for, there are no signs of persistence in Spanish CPI inflation.inflation persistence; structural breaks; monetary policy

¿Aplican los estudiantes de maestría en contabilidad y finanzas la teoría de la perspectiva?

This study aims to question the assumptions of prospect theory using a sample of students enrolled in a master’s course on accounting and finance at a Portuguese polytechnic institution. Such theory has stood out among others developed in the field of Behavioural Finance due to the debate and investigation it has generated. To achieve this aim, we applied a questionnaire four consecutive years (2012–2015). The instrument included a set of alternative response questions that seek to unveil respondents’ preferences regarding the situations they were presented with. Bibliographic and descriptive research was carried out and the results were compared with those obtained by other authors but they were not always consistent. Thus, the isolation effect was confirmed; the reflection effect was almost always confirmed; and the certainty effect was not always confirmed. Regarding attitude toward risk, the assumptions of risk aversion, and importance given to changes in wealth (at the expense of wealth states), our results are in line with those obtained by said authors. Hence, this study contributes to support prospect theory with its results and the confirmation of the isolation effect.El objetivo de este estudio es verificar los supuestos de la teoría de la perspectiva en una muestra compuesta por estudiantes que asistieron a un curso de maestría en contabilidad y finanzas en una institución politécnica en Portugal. Esta teoría se ha destacado entre otras desarrolladas en el campo de las finanzas conductuales por el debate y la investigación que ha generado. Para lograr el objetivo mencionado, adaptamos el cuestionario de los autores de la teoría de la perspectiva. El cuestionario se aplicó cuatro años consecutivos (de 2012 a 2015) e incluyó un conjunto de preguntas de respuesta alternativa que buscan conocer las preferencias de los encuestados frente a las situaciones que se exponen. También se realizó una investigación bibliográfica y descriptiva y se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos por otros autores. Los resultados no siempre fueron consistentes con los de dichos autores. Se verificó el efecto de aislamiento, el efecto de reflexión (casi siempre) y el efecto de certeza (no siempre). Adicionalmente, en cuanto a la actitud hacia el riesgo, los supuestos de aversión al riesgo y la importancia dada a los cambios en la riqueza (a expensas de estados de riqueza), nuestros resultados están en la misma línea que los de tales autores. Con estos últimos resultados y la confirmación del efecto de aislamiento, este estudio hace una contribución a la teoría de la perspectiva

Business risk : financial reporting in Portugal and Spain

Disclosing iriformation about business risk is a quite relevant question. Companies, already, have to report about risk. Our objective is to acknowledge that disclosing such iriformation fol.fils important needs of financial iriformation users. We analyse the 2002 Annual Reports of companies integrating our samples, and make a content analyses. We observe that there is a statistical significant relation between disclosing operational, financial, strategic and business risks and size, when it concerns the Portuguese sample and between financial risk and leverage, when it concerns the Spanish sample. Yet, we found no evidence of relationship between financial disclosure and cost of debtinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Acquisition of higher-order experimental skills through remote and virtual laboratories

Remote laboratories are physical spaces with real apparatus and real instruments connected to the Internet. They allow both students and teachers to remotely conduct real experiments through a simple web browser.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Feminine Identities

The first four essays in this volume all focus on issues of gender in the works of different English authors and thinkers. Shorter versions of each of these essays were formerly presented as papers in an autonomous section of the Research and Educational Programme on Studies of Identity at the XXth Meeting of the Portuguese Association of Anglo-American Studies (Póvoa de Varzim, 1999) and published in the proceedings of the conference. The second cluster of essays in this volume — two of which (Jennie Wang’s and Teresa Cid’s) were first presented, in shorter versions, at the joint ASA/CAAS Conference (Montréal, 1999) — addresses the work of American women variously engaged in contexts of cultural diversity and grappling with the ideas of what it means to be an American and a woman, particularly in the twentieth century. These essays approach, from different angles, the definitional quandaries and semantic difficulties encountered when speaking about the self and the United States and provide, in one way or another, a sort of feminine rewriting of American myths and history.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologi

The integration of the cultural dimension in the management of internacional markets: The Covet case

O presente relatório diz respeito ao estágio curricular, inserido no Mestrado Intercultural Studies for Business do Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto. O estágio foi realizado na empresa Covet Group, na marca Maison Valentina. Após uma contextualização do sector do móvel em Portugal, onde o Covet Group se insere, o relatório descreve a minha experiência enquanto estagiária, através de um relato minucioso sobre a empresa e sobre as suas práticas gerais e de estágio. Este será feito recorrendo a opiniões pessoais, relatos e gráficos. Posteriormente será feita uma argumentação teórica que aborda a dualidade da influência americana e portuguesa na empresa. Dois autores serão referenciados, Hofstede e Trompenaars/ Hampden-Turner cujas teorias se interligam com os temas abordados no presente relatórioThe present report is related to the curriculum internship, conducted within the ambit of the Master’s Programme in Intercultural Studies for Business of the “Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto”. The internship took place in the company “Covet Group”, more specifically in the brand Maison Valentina. After a contextualization of the furniture sector in Portugal, where the Covet Group operates, the report will describe my experience as a trainee, through a detailed report about the company and its general practises. This will be done by using my opinion, figures and graphs. Following this part, there will be a theoretical argumentation, talks about the duality of the American and Portuguese influence. Two authors will be mentioned, Hofstede and Trompenaars/Hampdem-Turner, whose theories connect to the topics mentioned in this report

A Measure of Child Exposure to Household Material Deprivation: Empirical Evidence from the Portuguese EU-SILC

Although monitoring and evaluating child poverty has been recognized as important, there is little statistical information focused on children. Because the annual EUStatistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey does not include child-specific information on an annual basis, this study proposes a measure of child exposure to household material deprivation based on this dataset. The study considers four domains of deprivation that have a direct impact on child development: housing conditions, household financial capacity, household durable goods, and environmental living conditions. Although developing a child-centered measurement of child deprivation is important, the EU-SILC considers the household as the unit of measurement. Therefore, our proposal is household-based, allowing annual monitoring of children’s exposure to deprivation—an important insight for social policy purposes to tackle the problem of child poverty. Using the 2017 Portuguese sample, we applied graded response models to assess the psychometric properties of the EU-SILC items and fit separate indexes per domain and the composite index. Item selection was based on their characteristic curves and information functions. The results allow for the selection of more informative items for every domain to obtain the composite index. In general, the empirical analysis confirmed the theoretical approach for item selection. The methodology may be directly applied to the full EU dataset or to each country individually.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multiple imputation in big identifiable data for educational research: An example from the Brazilian education assessment system

Almost all quantitative studies in educational assessment, evaluation and educational research are based on incomplete data sets, which have been a problem for years without a single solution. The use of big identifiable data poses new challenges in dealing with missing values. In the first part of this paper, we present the state-of-art of the topic in the Brazilian education scientific literature, and how researchers have dealt with missing data since the turn of the century. Next, we use open access software to analyze real-world data, the 2017 Prova Brasil , for several federation units to document how the naïve assumption of missing completely at random may substantially affect statistical conclusions, researcher interpretations, and subsequent implications for policy and practice. We conclude with straightforward suggestions for any education researcher on applying R routines to conduct the hypotheses test of missing completely at random and, if the null hypothesis is rejected, then how to implement the multiple imputation, which appears to be one of the most appropriate methods for handling missing data.Quase todos os estudos quantitativos em aferição, avaliação e pesquisa educacional são baseados em conjuntos de dados incompletos, que têm sido um problema há anos sem solução única. O uso de grandes dados identificáveis apresenta novos desafios para lidar com valores ausentes. Na primeira parte deste artigo, apresentamos o estado-da-arte do tópico na literatura científica educacional brasileira e como os pesquisadores têm tratado os dados omissos. Em seguida, usamos o software de acesso livre para analisar dados do mundo real, a Prova Brasil 2017, para várias unidades da federação, e documentamos como pressuposto de dados omissos completamente aleatórios pode afetar os resultados estatísticos, as interpretações e implicações subsequentes para políticas e práticas. Concluímos com sugestões diretas para qualquer pesquisador de Educação sobre a aplicação de rotinas R para realizar o teste de hipóteses de dados omissos completamente aleatórios e, se a hipótese nula for rejeitada, como implementar a imputação múltipla, que parece ser um dos métodos mais apropriados para manipular dados ausentes.Casi todos los estudios cuantitativos en evaluación, evaluación e investigación educativa se basan en conjuntos de datos incompletos, que han sido un problema desde hace años sin solución única. El uso de grandes datos identificables presenta nuevos desafíos para manejar los valores ausentes. En la primera parte de este artículo, presentamos el estado del arte del tópico en la literatura científica educativa brasileña y cómo los investigadores han tratado los datos omisos. A continuación, utilizamos el software de acceso libre para analizar datos del mundo real, la Prueba Brasil 2017, para varias unidades de la federación, y documentamos cómo la asunción de datos omisos completamente aleatorios puede afectar los resultados estadísticos, las interpretaciones e implicaciones subsecuentes para políticas y prácticas. Concluimos con sugerencias directas para cualquier investigador de Educación sobre la aplicación de rutinas R para realizar la prueba de hipótesis de datos omisos completamente aleatorios y, si la hipótesis nula es rechazada, cómo implementar la imputación múltiple, que parece ser uno de los métodos más apropiados para manipular datos ausentes.Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000019-C4-Centro de Competências em Cloud Computing and by the Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation, through a post-doc fellowship for a research project, which took place at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Beira Interior, Portugal (Capes-PVE88881.169888/2018-01), and partially supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq-process 440172 / 2017-9).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Um cimento mais sustentável frente a um ataque severo por sulfatos

A necessidade de encontrar um cimento plenamente resistente aos sulfatos e que também seja ambientalmente sustentável levou a que se analisasse o comportamento de um cimento sulfoaluminato-belítico (SAB) frente a um ataque severo por sulfato de sódio e por sulfato de magnésio, ambos sujeitos a várias temperaturas. Efectuou-se a comparação das amostras atacadas pelos diferentes tipos de sulfato com outras intactas da mesma idade e submetidas às mesmas temperaturas do ensaio. Os resultados mostram que o ataque dos sulfatos não foi mais severo nas amostras curadas a baixas temperaturas, e que o ataque do sulfato de magnésio foi o que mostrou ser mais agressivo