91 research outputs found
Electro-thermal coupling analysis methodology for RF circuits
In this paper we present an electro-thermal coupling
simulation technique for RF circuits. The proposed methodology
takes advantage of well established tools for frequency translating
circuits in order to significantly reduce the computational
resources needed when frequencies of interest are separated by
orders of magnitude.Postprint (published version
Guia per a la prevenció i control de la tuberculosi en el personal sanitari
Tuberculosi; Prevenció; Control; Personal sanitariTuberculosis; Prevención; Control; Personal sanitarioTuberculosis; Prevention; Control; Health staffLa Guia per a la prevenció de la tuberculosi en el personal sanitari recull tot el coneixement científic del moment actual en
l’àrea de la prevenció de la tuberculosi i permet donar a conèixer la dedicació i
el compromís de tots els professionals que han col·laborat en la realització d’aquesta guia. La revisió dels criteris comuns per investigar la infecció tuberculosa en el personal sanitari, establir
els mecanismes de vigilància periòdica del personal amb risc d’infecció, així com sistemes de maneig
de les situacions d’exposicions accidentals o de personal infectat, era necessària. Experts,
investigadors i societats científiques hi han aportat el seu coneixement, experiència i expertesa amb
la voluntat d’elaborar i consensuar unes recomanacions que han donat com a fruit els protocols més
actualitzats i l’última evidència disponible en una àrea, la de la infecció i la malaltia tuberculosa en el
personal sanitari, en la qual des de cap punt de vista s’ha d’abaixar la guàrdia, tot i els avenços
realitzats els darrers anys
Tobacco Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Impact on Tuberculosis in Children
Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Child; Passive smokingTuberculosis micobacteriana; Niño; Tabaquismo pasivoTuberculosi micobacteriana; Infant; Tabaquisme passiuLittle is known about whether second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure affects tuberculosis (TB). Here, we investigate the association of cigarette smoke exposure with active TB and latent TB infection (LTBI) in children, analyzing Interferon-Gamma Release Assays’ (IGRAs) performance and cytokine immune responses. A total of 616 children from contact-tracing studies were included and classified regarding their smoking habits [unexposed, SHS, or smokers]. Risk factors for positive IGRAs, LTBI, and active TB were defined. GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-22, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1RA and IP-10 cytokines were detected in a subgroup of patients. Being SHS exposed was associated with a positive IGRA [aOR (95% CI): 8.7 (5.9–12.8)] and was a main factor related with LTBI [aOR (95% CI): 7.57 (4.79–11.94)] and active TB [aOR (95% CI): 3.40 (1.45–7.98)]. Moreover, IGRAs’ sensitivity was reduced in active TB patients exposed to tobacco. IL-22, GM-CSF, IL-5, TNF-α, IP-10, and IL-13 were less secreted in LTBI children exposed to SHS. In conclusion, SHS is associated with LTBI and active TB in children. In addition, false-negative IGRAs obtained on active TB patients exposed to SHS, together with the decrease of specific cytokines released, suggest that tobacco may alter the immune response.This research was supported by: (i) a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI 13/01546, PI16/01912, and PI18/00411), integrated in the Plan Nacional I+D+I and co-funded by the ISCIII Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya; and (ii) a grant from the Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR; Barcelona, Spain) (Smoking Integrated Research Programme Call)
Protocol d'actuació per al control i la prevenció de la tuberculosi en els immigrants i en els casos importats
Protocol d'actuació; Tuberculosi; ImmigrantsProtocolo de actuación; Tuberculosis; InmigrantesAction protocol; Tuberculosis; ImmigrantsAquest document és un protocol d'actuació per la tuberculosi i la seva prevenció
Use of IP-10 detection in dried plasma spots for latent tuberculosis infection diagnosis in contacts via mail
IP-10; Tuberculosis; MailIP-10; Tuberculosi; CorreuIP-10; Tuberculosis; CorreoThe aim of this study was to test the use of IP-10 detection in dried plasma from contact studies individuals (contacts of smear positive patients), by comparing it with IP-10 and IFN-γ detection in direct plasma, to establish IP-10 detection in DPS as a useful assay for LTBI diagnosis. Whole blood samples were collected from 80 subjects: 12 with active tuberculosis (TB), and 68 from contact studies. The amount of IFN-γ produced by sensitized T cells was determined in direct plasma by QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube test. IP-10 levels were determined in direct and dried plasma by an in-house ELISA. For dried plasma IP-10 determination, two 25 µl plasma drops were dried in Whatman903 filter paper and sent by mail to the laboratory. Regarding TB patients, 100.0%, 91.7% and 75.0% were positive for IFN-γ detection and IP-10 detection in direct and dried plasma, respectively. In contacts, 69.1%, 60.3% and 48.5% had positive results after IFN-γ and IP-10 in direct and dried plasma, respectively. The agreement among in vitro tests was substantial and IP-10 levels in direct and dried plasma were strongly correlated (r = 0.897). In conclusion, IP-10 detection in dried plasma is a simple and safe method that would help improve LTBI management
On evaluating temperature as observable for CMOS technology variability
The temperature at surface of a silicon die depends
on the activity of the circuits placed on it. In this paper, it is
analyzed how Process, Voltage and Temperature (PVT) variations
affect simultaneously some figures of merit (FoM) of some digital
and analog circuits and the power dissipated by such circuits. It is
shown that in some cases, a strong correlation exists between the
variation of the circuit FoM and the variation of the dissipated
power. Since local temperature increase at the silicon surface
close to the circuit linearly depends on dissipated power, the
results show that temperature can be considered as an observable
magnitude for CMOS technology variability monitoring.Postprint (published version
DC temperature measurements to characterize the central frequency and 3 dB bandwidth in mmW power amplifiers
This letter shows how a temperature sensor and a simple DC voltage multimeter can be used as instruments to determine the central frequency and 3 dB bandwidth of a 60 GHz linear power amplifier (PA). Compared to previous works, the DC temperature monitoring now proposed requires a much simpler and convenient measurement set-up. In this example, the temperature sensor is embedded in the same silicon die as the PA. Being placed in empty layout spaces next to it, it is proposed as a built-in test circuit.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Assessment of the influence of direct tobacco smoke on infection and active TB management
Smoking is a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) infection and disease progression. Tobacco smoking increases susceptibility to TB in a variety of ways, one of which is due to a reduction of the IFN-γ response. Consequently, an impaired immune response could affect performance of IFN-γ Release Assays (IGRAs).Miguel Servet program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain). ML was supported by a joint ERS/SEPAR fellowship (LTRF 2015). The research was partially supported by a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI 13/01546 and PI 16/01912), integrated in the Plan Nacional de I+D+I and cofunded by the ISCIII Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); and a grant from the Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR; Barcelona, Spain) (Smoking Integrated Research Programme Call) to NA
Recomanacions per a la prevenció i el control de la tuberculosi pediàtrica a Catalunya
Tuberculosi pediàtrica; Diagnòstic de malalties; TractamentsTuberculosis pediátrica; Diagnóstico de enfermedades; TratamientosPediatric tuberculosis; Disease diagnosis; TreatmentsLa finalitat d’aquest document és revisar, des d’una perspectiva multidisciplinària, els reptes en el diagnòstic i el tractament de la TB pediàtrica, l’optimització de la realització dels estudis de contactes, la integració del cribratge de la infecció tuberculosa en el Programa de seguiment del nen sa de l’atenció primària (AP) i el model d’organització assistencial, amb l’objectiu de realitzar recomanacions pràctiques que contribueixin a millorar les respostes que cal articular per a la prevenció i el control de la TB pediàtrica al territori
- …