The Advantages and the Challenges of Adopting IFRS into UAE Stock Market

This paper aims to assess the benefits gained and the challenges experienced by companies listed on the UAE stock market following the introduction of IFRS. Since the announcement by the European Union to adopt IFRS by listed companies, many countries have followed suit, hoping to gain competitive edge in attracting the Foreign Direct Investment to boost their economic growth. This study focuses on examining the advantages and challenges faced by companies listed on the UAE stock market listed companies as a result of adopting IFRS. The framework used in this analysis will be based on the identification and assessment of key drivers influencing companies listed on the UAE stock market. To what extent are these factors internal or external to the financial sector, but which have a direct bearing on the overall economic environment? The views and perceptions of the Chief Financial Officers’ (CFOs) for Dubai and Abu Dhabi listed companies, financial analysts of the financial statements in the two listed companies and auditors will be analysed. Methodology: Questionnaires were used as the main method of data collection. Questionnaire were distributed in both Dubai and Abu Dhabi markets, The data obtained through the questionnaires have been imported into software for analysis, namely, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings: The results clearly show that the benefits of adopting IFRSs in UAE inevitably far outweigh the difficulties and costs. The findings also reveal that adoption of IFRSs in UAE stock markets has improved the overall standard of the quality of financial reporting, which help in attracting investors to invest in the UAE stock markets. However, many respondents were still apprehensive that effective and professional financial reporting decisions will be affected by the level of education of accounting users, the methods provided by some IFRSs, and the inadequate enforcement mechanisms. Keywords: IFRS, advantage, accounting standards, challenge, UA

Digital intervention for public health: searching for implementing characteristics, concepts and recommendations: scoping review

Studying the impact of digital interventions on public health can help ensure that the offered services produce the desired results. In order to address these factors, the subsequent study uses a scope review to evaluate the state of the field while concentrating on ideas and suggestions that represent factors that have been crucial in the management of digital intervention for public health. To shed light on the traits, ideas and suggestions related to public health digital intervention, a scoping review was carried out. Five electronic databases were used to locate pertinent research that were published before February 2022. All texts were examined, and study abstracts were scrutinized to determine their eligibility. The last analysis of this study included fifteen publications; five reviews, four qualitative studies, two quantitative studies, one viewpoint study, one mixed-method study, one perspective study, and one interventional study. The key ideas for digital interventions in population management and health studies are presented in this overview. Many concepts, implementation characteristics and recommendations have been raised which highlight the future role of these interventions to enhance public engagement and health equity

Audit firm size and quality: Does audit firm size influence audit quality in the Libyan oil industry?

This study examines the relation between size of audit firm and audit quality, and the choice of accrual measures for a large sample of firms. In relation to the impact of different sizes of audit firms on audit quality, a clear majority of oil companies and audit firms agreed that Big Four firms are superior to their non-Big Four counterparts in all of the reputation issues presented to them, and that the size of the audit firm is positively associated with audit quality. Such superiority is seen in terms of resources and audit technology, and the consequent motivation to perform as professionally as possible. A questionnaire was used to collect data. To confirm and support the questionnaire findings, semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data used for this study were collected from two sources: the demand side (Libyan oil companies) and the supply side (audit firms working in Libya). The data for the Libyan oil companies were gathered from three different types of respondents: internal auditors, financial managers and accounts managers. For the audit firms, data were gathered from employees at all levels in the firm: managing partners, audit supervisors and auditors

The impact of adopting IFRS on profitability and stock performance in listed firms at Abu Dhabi and Dubai stock exchanges

This study aimed to investigate the main impact of adopting the International Financial Report Standards (IFRSs) on the users of financial reports in both the Dubai Financial Market (DFM) and the Abu Dhabi stock exchange (ADX). The study has also examined the impact of adopting the ·IFRS on profitability of firms and stock performance in the two stock markets. In addition, the study has investigated the different challenges that adopting the IFRS had in both Dubai and Abu Dhabi markets following the compulsory adoption of IFRS and whether the implementation of IFRS would have different impacts on the DFM from those in the ADX. One of the most important developments in the literature related to accounting and finance at the beginning of this century is concerned with the compulsory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in Europe. With the introduction of IFRSs, there is the promise of the provision of financial statements that are more accurate and transparent and, therefore, the expectation of more value-relevance to investors when compared to local GAAP. Following the announcement that IFRSs were to be adopted by listed firms in the European Union in 2005, the accounting systems in developing countries have been affected, with countries, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAB), also announcing their desire to adopt the IFRS. However, as the nature of the business environment in the UAE is significantly different from that in western countries, serious argument arose between the users of financial reports in the UAB over whether the adoption of IFRSs was appropriate for their financial statements. The study has used two main methods to collect and analyse the primary data. Firstly, questionnaires were used to gauge how the preparers and users of financial reports view the adoption of IFRSs, in both DFM and ADX, and how this transition to IFRSs has affected their decision making. SPSS was used to analyse the collected data of the questionnaires using different tests such as t-test, ANOV A test, and Correlation test. Secondly, this study used the secondary data analysis to investigate the primary effects of adopting IFRS upon share performance and profitability of listed firms in the two stock exchanges. For the second data collection method, several multiple regression models were used based on the Ohlson and modified Ohlson models. The main findings of the study from the questionnaire indicate that most of users of the financial reports were in favour of the adoption of IFRSs in the UAB, however many of the users argued that the transition to IFRSs ought to be given careful consideration as it had negative effects on the accounting system of companies and raised the issue of lack of readiness and lack of competence of employees who are ill prepared for IFRSs. The findings of the questionnaire have also showed that the preparers at the banking sector were more satisfied with the adoption of IFRSs than was the case in other sectors. The results from the analysis of secondary data showed that the adoption of IFRSs had value-relevance for both the DFM and the ADX, with the greater relative impact being at the former. In addition, the analysis of results showed that the adoption of IFRSs had an impact on some financial indicators and this impact was higher in the ADX than it was in the DFM. The analysis also indicated that the adoption of IFRSs had a great impact on the trading volume of shares in both of the stock markets, with the impact being significantly higher in the ADX. In conclusion, as the main focus of the study was to examine the challenges and the impact of the recent adoption of IFRSs in one of the countries of the Middle East, this study has made a contribution to the literature on value-relevance in terms of stock performance and financial indicators. It has also shed light on an area of research which has been overlooked particularly in the Middle East

Estudio del comportamiento tribológico y consumo energético de recubrimientos NiCrBSi con adición de alúmina depositados mediante proyección térmica por oxy-fuel

Treball final de Màster Universitari en Enginyeria Industrial. Codi: SJA020. Curs acadèmic: 2020/2021En el presente proyecto se va a modificar la composición de un recubrimiento de NiCrBSi para mejorar el comportamiento tribológico, así como disminuir el consumo energético de los pares rozantes que poseen elementos que han sido rociados con este recubrimiento modificado. Para ello, se añadirá alúmina micrométrica en un recubrimiento comercial de NiCrBSi (10%Cr) en una proporción del 10% del peso total del recubrimiento de forma que se analizará el efecto que tiene la incorporación de la alúmina sobre los dos aspectos anteriormente citados, el comportamiento tribológico y el consumo energético por fricción. Por una parte, se estudiará como ha afectado la alúmina en el comportamiento tribológico de superficies en contacto con movimiento relativo entre sí, por lo que se analizará la variación del coeficiente de rozamiento en dos pares rozantes, uno con el recubrimiento NiCrBSi comercial y otro con el de NiCrBSi+alúmina. La mejora del comportamiento tribológico se refleja en una disminución del rozamiento de los elementos en contacto, lo que permite prolongar la vida de las piezas al reducir el desgaste de estos. Con estos datos se llevará acabo la modelización de la curva de Stribeck de cada uno de los pares rozantes, lo que permite definir el comportamiento tribológico de dichos pares rozantes y así poder identificar las mejoras que produce la modificación del recubrimiento. Un mejor comportamiento tribológico implica obtener elementos con mayor vida útil y de menor mantenimiento. Además, con el fin de relacionar el comportamiento tribológico de las muestras analizadas con la composición de sus recubrimientos se realizará un análisis de la microestructura de los recubrimientos. Analizar la microestructura de ambos recubrimientos permite la identificación de las fases formadas en la microestructura, tamaño, morfología, distribución de precipitados duros sobre la matriz blanda de Ni-Cr y concentración de los constituyentes de las fases formadas. De esta forma será posible comprender los valores de dureza y rozamiento de los recubrimientos, relacionándolos con la microestructura de cada muestra. Por otra parte se ha llevado un estudio de consumo energético para analizar la influencia de la incorporación de la alúmina sobre este parámetro. Menores pérdidas por fricción supone obtener máquinas más eficientes y de menor impacto medioambiental

Simultaneous Determination of Piroxicam and Codeine Phosphate Hemihydrate in a Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Using Validated HPLC Method

تم تطوير وتوثيق طريقة تحليلية من أجل التعيين المتواقت لمادتي البيروكسيكام والكودئين فوسفات باستخدام كروماتوكرافيا العمود السائلة عالية الأداء (HPLC) حيث تتمتع هذه الطريقة بالبساطة، الانتقائية والدقة. حُقّق الفصل الاستشرابي بواسطة استخدام عمود الفصل C18 من نوع (BDS Hypersil 5μ, 150 mm x 4.6 mm) واستُخدم الميتانول: وقاء فُسفاتي (4:6 حجم/حجم، pH=2.3) كطور متحرك بمعدل جريان 1.1 مل/دقيقة واستخدم طول موجة مكشاف 214 نانومتر. أُجريت اختبارات ملاءمة النظام لتقييم مدى ملاءمة وفعالية النظام الاستشاربي بأكمله. حُسب زمن احتباس مادتي البيروكسيكام والكودئين فوسفات فكانتا 3.95 و1.460 دقيقة، على التوالي. وأجُري التحقق من مصدوقية الطريقة التحليلية المطورة من حيث الخطية والدقة والمضبوطية والنوعية وحد الكشف وحد التقدير الكمي. حيث كان حد الكشف وحد الكم لمادة البيروكسيكام 1.92 مكغ/مل و6.336 مكغ/مل، على التوالي. أما حد الكشف وحد الكم لمادة الكودئين فوسفات فكانتا 0.29 مكغ/مل و0.95 مكغ/مل، على التوالي. أظهرت كلا المادتين الدوائيتين استجابة خطية ضمن المجال 5-50 مكغ/مل. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تطوير طريقة تحليلية باستخدام جهاز الاستشراب عالي الأداء والتحقق من مصدوقيتها، ويمكن استخدام الطريقة المقترحة لتقدير هذه الأدوية في الأشكال الجرعية التوليفية لها.An easy, eclectic, precise high-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was evolved and validated to estimate of Piroxicam and Codeine phosphate. Chromatographic demarcation was accomplished on a C18 column [Use BDS Hypersil C18, 5μ, 150 x 4.6 mm] using a mobile phase of methanol: phosphate buffer (60:40, v/v, pH=2.3), the flow rate was 1.1 mL/min, UV detection was at 214 nm. System Suitability tests (SSTs) are typically performed to assess the suitability and effectiveness of the entire chromatography system. The retention time for Piroxicam was found to be 3.95 minutes and 1.46 minutes for Codeine phosphate. The evolved method has been validated through precision, limit of quantitation, specificity, limit of detection linearity and accuracy. (LOD) was 1.92 mg/mL and (LOQ) was 6.336 mg/mL for Piroxicam, whereas (LOD) for Codeine phosphate was 0.29 mg/mL and (LOQ) was 0.95 mg/mL. Piroxicam and Codeine phosphate showed a linear signal in the domain of 5-50 µg/mL for each compound. This research presided to evolve and validate an HPLC method, and the proposed procedure can be used to estimate these drugs in their combined dosage forms

Effect of levothyroxine plus liothyronine combination therapy on hypothyroid patients quality of life

BackgroundLiothyronine combination with Levothyroxine(T4-T3) has been tried to improve the quality of life among hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine immunotherapy and normal thyroxine stimulating hormone levels. However, the efficacy of such a combination is unknown. The current review aimed to assess the effects of T4-T3 combination therapy on quality of life.AimsThe current review aimed to compare levothyroxine mono-therapy versus T4-T3 combination therapy on quality of life among hypothyroid patients.Methods The Pub Med and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for relevant articles. Articles published in the English language from the first available article up to March 2020 were approached. The terms hypothyroidism, levothyroxine, and liothyronine were used. Out of hundred and eight articles retrieved, only six fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results In majority of randomized control trials (4 out of 6 RCTs), T4/T3combination therapy fail to show superiority over the standard levothyroxine mono-therapy.ConclusionLevothyroxine remain the standard of care in hypothyroid patient

Knowledge Management and Sharing in Hospitals: A Systematic Review

Healthcare faces many challenges. Among these challenges is the difficulty of making appropriate and timely clinical decisions, the increasing complexity of medication interactions and the occurrence of errors in the interpretation of laboratory results because of the reliance on individual knowledge. The main focus of hospital organizations is on a highly knowledgeable property and hospital professionals provide patients with high-quality care. The main concern of senior management is the performance of knowledge management enabled hospital professionals. This requires hospital organizations to share technology, information, and knowledge quickly, accurately, systematically and over the long term. In addition, these systems require immediate feedback mechanisms. Hospitals can - not only through the direct incorporation of knowledge into their corporate strategy but also by changing employee behaviors - promote knowledge sharing by promoting consistent knowledge sharing. This study aimed to assess to what extent the knowledge management and knowledge sharing domains have been mentioned in the hospitals’ settings. The search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. The research question that guided this review was posted as: “How knowledge management and knowledge sharing are considered in hospitals”. Sixteen articles were included in the final evaluation phase. Diverse hospital settings were represented in the studies. A framework for open information and communication, factors affecting employees’ knowledge sharing intention, knowledge sharing behavior, and innovation behavior, the effects of knowledge management enablers, knowledge management implementations, knowledge management tools, and knowledge management-oriented innovation that enriches the hospital management system theory were of the main outcomes of interest. Hospital organizations are knowledge-intensive environment involving rapidly changing medical technologies, and requiring tools, skills, and methods with more knowledge resources. There is a greater awareness of knowledge management importance in hospital organizations. Knowledge management is still a multifaceted and much more exportable field of knowledge understanding

The impact of adopting IFRS on profitability and stock performance in listed firms at Abu Dhabi and Dubai stock exchanges

This study aimed to investigate the main impact of adopting the International Financial Report Standards (IFRSs) on the users of financial reports in both the Dubai Financial Market (DFM) and the Abu Dhabi stock exchange (ADX). The study has also examined the impact of adopting the ·IFRS on profitability of firms and stock performance in the two stock markets. In addition, the study has investigated the different challenges that adopting the IFRS had in both Dubai and Abu Dhabi markets following the compulsory adoption of IFRS and whether the implementation of IFRS would have different impacts on the DFM from those in the ADX. One of the most important developments in the literature related to accounting and finance at the beginning of this century is concerned with the compulsory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in Europe. With the introduction ofIFRSs, there is the promise of the provision of fmancial statements that are more accurate and transparent and, therefore, the expectation of more value-relevance to investors when compared to local GAAP. Following the armouncement that IFRSs were to be adopted by listed firms in the European Union in 2005, the accounting systems in developing countries have been affected, with countries, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAB), also armouncing their desire to adopt the IFRS. However, as the nature of the business environment in the UAE is significantly different from that in western countries, serious argument arose between the users of financial reports in the UAB over whether the adoption ofIFRSs was appropriate for their financial statements. The study has used two main methods to collect and analyse the primary data. Firstly, questionnaires were used to gauge how the preparers and users of financial reports view the adoption of IFRSs, in both DFM and ADX, and how this transition to IFRSs has affected their decision making. SPSS was used to analyse the collected data of the questionnaires using different tests such as t-test, ANOV A test, and Correlation test. Secondly, this study used the secondary data analysis to investigate the primary effects of adopting IFRS upon share performance and profitability of listed firms in the two stock exchanges. For the second data collection method, several multiple regression models were used based on the Ohlson and modified Ohlson models. The main findings of the study from the questionnaire indicate that most of users of the fmancial reports were in favour of the adoption of IFRSs in the UAB, however many of the users argued that the transition to IFRSs ought to be given careful consideration as it had negative effects on the accounting system of companies and raised the issue of lack of readiness and lack of competence of employees who are ill prepared for IFRSs. The findings of the questionnaire have also showed that the preparers at the banking sector were more satisfied with the adoption of IFRSs than was the case in other sectors. The results from the analysis of secondary data showed that the adoption of IFRSs had value-relevance for both the DFM and the ADX, with the greater relative impact being at the former. In addition, the analysis of results showed that the adoption of IFRSs had an impact on some financial indicators and this impact was higher in the ADX than it was in the DFM. The analysis also indicated that the adoption of IFRSs had a great impact on the trading volume of shares in both of the stock markets, with the impact being significantly higher in the ADX. In conclusion, as the main focus of the study was to examine the challenges and the impact of the recent adoption of IFRSs in one of the countries of the Middle East, this study has made a contribution to the literature on value-relevance in terms of stock performance and financial indicators. It has also shed light on an area of research which has been overlooked particularly in the Middle East.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo