Synthesen und strukturelle Studien neuartiger terpenbasierter C2-symmetrische Diole und Aminoalkohole für die enantioselektive Katalyse

Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit werden die Synthesewege und katalytischen Anwendungen neuer, auf (-)-Fenchon basierender chiraler Pyrrolidinreagenzien beschrieben. Ergänzend zu den praktischen Arbeiten, wurden zur Aufklärung der Stereoselektivitäten bei der Bildung von (2S)-N-Pyrrolidylfenchylcarbamat quantenmechanische Berechnungen durchgeführt, die das experimentelle Ergebnis unterstützten. In der enantioselektiven Diethylzink-Addition an das Benzaldeyhd zeigte das (2S)-N-Pyrrolidylfenchylcarbamat einen Enantiomerenüberschuss von bis zu 50%. Somit wurde ein Carbamat zum ersten Mal erfolgreich in einer enantioselektiven Katalyse eingesetzt. Im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit werden die Synthesen und Anwendungen neuartiger, terpenbasierter C2-symmetrische Diole beschrieben, deren Diastereoselektivität untersucht und ebenfalls durch quantenchemische Berechnungen bestätigt. Die synthetisierten Verbindungen wurden durch röntgenkristallographische Analysen charakterisiert

Marmara Köşkü: Atatürk İçin Modern Çiftlik Evi

Established in 1925, the Gazi Pap Farm has shown a planned development during the 1930s with its complementary functions of agriculture, industry, accommodation, entertainment, and leisure. The Marmara Chalet built as resident for Ataturk is one of the primary structures of the Farm premises, which defines the qualification of the 'modernity project' at its own scale. This early-dated structure realized by the Swiss architect Ernst Arnold Egli between the years 1928-1929, one year after he came to Turkey, reveals how the era perceived 'the modern' as much as tendencies of the architecture of Egli, and how it reflected these modes of presence to design/construction processes, and decision mechanisms. On the other hand, it is the messenger of the effective position of Egli at the Gazi Forest Farm that persisted during the 1930s with respect to planning and construction. Marmara Chalet is a part of the public park where the Marmara Pool, one of the primary entertainment/leisure places of the farm, is located. The structure designed as a modern farmhouse is an important example of the Early Republican period residences, its location characteristics complying with contemporary lifestyle, and its components satisfying functions such as meeting, gathering in balls, along with residing; showing modern design understanding, use of new materials and techniques, and many other minor details. Besides the appearance of the Farm developed as a manufacturing center with the Beer Factory and auxiliary buildings that would later be built by Egli, the park with the pool and the chalet is one of the focuses which contributed and still contributes to divergence of the premises from the image of a traditional manufacturing site of manufacture to that of a cultural space. This design performed by Egli immediately after he arrived Turkey, is the product of the environment he has newly came to as a Western architect, and his quests in regard to creation of architecture complying with the expectations of the employer. The arched porch pattern on the structure that is not seen in other designs by Egli, suggests the dilemmas of the transformation process in the culture of architecture experienced in late 1920s in Turkey. While the structure carries characteristics of modern residences with its steep sloped roof specific to the geography where Egli came from, wooden shutter windows, symmetrical and plain facades, its porched ground floor, and the interior pattern complying with the new life aspiration of the era, it does not completely represent the cubic definition that answers the architectural form and language of the time. The manufacturing and trade spaces which became distinct in the Gazi Forest Farm experience, and the life circles and details offered therewith provide detailed and substantial information as to ideational and formal base of modernization. It is evident that the transforming function of the Gazi Forest Farm with its specific qualities, such as the concept of occupant/designer in modern housing as a fairly new experience, the Western design understanding perceiving the interior and exterior of the building as a whole, cannot be ignored. It is a must to understand, evaluate and preserve the Marmara Chalet as part of early Republican period architecture heritage, like several structures with different functions on the Ataturk Forest Farm. Thus it will contribute to understand the Farm as a multilayered information package with its environment and its buildings The study aims to evaluate Marmara Chalet in the light of the original visual and written documentation accessed primarily at the Ataturk Archive of the Presidential Residence, the Archive of the Ataturk Forest Farm, and sources of other relevant institutions, and personal archives.Publisher's Versio

National sovereignty and space : Grand National Assembly of Türkiye

Kitap da ikinci dil olarak İngilizce kullanılmıştır

A GIS-Based Multicriteria Assessment for Identification of Positive Energy Districts Boundary in Cities

Discussions regarding the definition of Positive Energy Districts and the concept of a boundary are still being actively held. Even though there are certain initiatives working on the boundary limitations for PEDs, there is no methodology or tool developed for selecting peculiar spaces for future PED implementations. The paper focuses on a flexible GIS-based Multicriteria assessment method that identifies the most suitable areas to reach an annual positive non-renewable energy balance. For that purpose, a GIS-based tool is developed to indicate the boundary from an energy perspective harmonized with urban design and land-use planning. The method emphasizes evaluation through economic, social, political, legal, environmental, and technical criteria, and the results present the suitability of areas at macro and micro scales. The current study outlines macro scale analyses in six European cities that represent Follower Cities under the MAKING-CITY H2020 project. Further research will be conducted for micro-scale analyses and the outcomes will pursue a technology selection process.This research was funded by the EU H2020 Programme under grant agreement n◦82441

How to Achieve Positive Energy Districts for Sustainable Cities: A Proposed Calculation Methodology

In this paper, a methodology for calculating the energy balance at the district level and energy performance of those districts aspiring to become a Positive Energy District (PED) is proposed. PEDs are understood as districts that achieve a positive energy balance on an annual basis by means of exporting more energy than is consumed within their limits. The main issue to standardize the concept, besides which characteristics should be considered, is that current standards to calculate an energy balance are not applied at the district level. This paper reviews the current standards and adapts them to propose an energy balance calculation methodology. Calculation of an energy balance at the district level is complex since it includes several parameters, such as which loads (or elements) should be included, which renewable energy technologies should be considered on-site production, and which primary energy factors should be used. The proposed methodology is thought to help cities at the design stage of a district and to evaluate its annual energy balance. The methodology is performed in eight steps, and all the needed assumptions that affect the calculation of the annual energy balance are discussed in each stepThis project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 824418 (MAKING-CITY)

Cytogenetic analysis on Turkonalassus quercanus Keskin, Nabozhenko et Alpagut-Keskin, 2017 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Helopini)

Cytogenetic features of the endemic Western Anatolian tenebrionid species Turkonalassus quercanus Keskin, Nabozhenko et Alpagut-Keskin, 2017 were analyzed using conventional and differential staining. Chromosome preparations were obtained from the gonads of both males and females. The karyotype of T. quercanus was found to be 2n = 20 (9 + Xyp), which is considered the modal number for Tenebrionidae. The heteromorphic sex chromosomes of T. quercanus form a parachute like bivalent at metaphase I (MI) of male meiosis. Both conventional and differential staining have shown that predominantly metacentric chromosomes of T. quercanus exhibit a typical pericentromeric heterochromatin pattern. As per results of the silver staining, the existence of a prominent nucleolus at prophase I and a highly impregnated area associated with Xyp at MI are indicated the sex chromosomal location of NOR. In comparison with previously published cytogenetic data on other species of the tribe Helopini which are presenting the same karyotype formula, our results suggest that a series of chromosomal rearrangements may have been involved in their karyotype evolution

Inflammatory bone destruction due to abscess of the periodontium in Hadrianapolis community skeletons

The tower of Macedonia is located in the northwest of Turkey. The skeletal remains found during the archeological investigations at Hadrianopolis region by Edirne Museum during 2002-2003 were related to Eastern Roman-Byzanteum period. From a total of 139 human skeletal remains were examined and two of them showed signs of abscess . A periodontal abscess is a localized purulent infection of periodontal tissues and can be a common clinical finding among patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis. They are associated with tooth loss and progressive bone loss in cases

The Periodontal Disease Status of the Historical Population of Hadrianapolis

It was evaluated in this article relationship between two types of oral pathology, periodontal disease and ante-mortem tooth loss and age in past human populations. The skeletal remains found during the archeological investigations at Hadrianopolis region by Edirne Museum during 2002-2003 were related to Eastern Roman-Byzanteum period. From a total of 139 human skeletal remains were studied. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the severity of periodontal diseases and ante-mortem tooth loss in the skeletal remains

Cytogenetics of Helops glabriventris Reitter, 1885 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Helopini)

In this study, the karyotype and chromosomal features of darkling beetle Helops glabriventris Reitter, 1885 from Western Anatolia were analyzed using conventional and differential staining. Diploid chromosome number of H. glabriventris was determined as 2n = 20 with 9 + Xyp meioformula. The parachute formation of sex bivalents was clearly observed in both prophase I and metaphase I plates. Both conventionally and differentially stained plates showed that relatively small amounts of heterochromatin are dispersed throughout the whole length of the chromosomes. As a result of silver staining, the existence of a highly impregnated area associated with a small submetacentric chromosome in prophase I, suggests autosomal location of NOR. Although presented karyotype of H. glabriventris resemble to those of other members of the tribe Helopini and follows the common patterns of tenebrionid karyotypes, slight differences in chromosome morphologies, NORs and the heterochromatin distribution were detected

Privatization of Kizildere Geothermal Power Plant and New Approaches for Field and Plant

ABSTRACT Zorlu Energy Group started to work in the field both to increase capacity of current power plant and to establish a new power plant with 60 MWe capacity as the first stage of power expansion in the license area. As a first step in the project, the power generation of the current power plant has been increased from 6 MW to 15 MW by cleaning of wells. After that extensive geological, geochemical and geophysical and reservoir studies have performed at the license area for the new power plant during the feasibility study period