Seismic stratigraphy of the north-western Sea of Marmara shelf along the North Anatolian Fault system

The Ganos Fault, a part of the Northern strand of the North Anatolian Fault system, is an active- strike slip fault and divides the narrow NW shelf of the Sea of Marmara into two parts near the town of Gaziköy. This paper presents recently collected shallow high-resolution seismic data to discriminate the sedimentary successions, each characterized by distinctive stratigraphic patterns on both sides of the Ganos Fault. Two main units, namely U1 and U2, and three para-sequences (U1a, U1b and U1c) were identified, depending on their internal reflection patterns, accommodation depths as well as the presence of conformity and the unconformity surfaces. The thickness of Unit U1 reaches its maximum at the northern side of the Ganos Fault; it is much thinner to the south. The para-sequences of U1b and U1c have “progradation” and “aggradation to progradation” depositional characters, respectively. This probably implies fluvial deposition controlled by sea- level fluctuations. Unit U1b can only be observed at the northern side of the Ganos Fault, while Unit U1c at the southern side. Units U1a and U1b were deposited during the transgressive system tract, while Unit U1c was deposited during a sea-level fall and/or a lowstand phase marked by an erosional surface. The marine terraces in the study area are shallower than those along the northern shelf of the Sea of Marmara, possibly due to successive tectonic displacements along the Ganos Fault, which also controls the distribution and thickness of the parasequences identified in this study

Probiotic Properties of Some Lactobacillus spp. That Can Survive in the Presence of Viral Gastroenteritis

Viral acute gastroenteritis is a serious health problem worldwide with the high morbidity and mortality rates. In fact there is no available antiviral treatment for gastroenteritis alternatively, the use of probiotics on which have numerous benefits, has been on the increase recently. Therefore, to be able to identify the strains that can survive in viral acute gastroenteritis and their distinguishable features, seven strains of Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from the stool samples of 0-5 year old children with viral gastroenteritis in this study. Strains were identified by API 50 CH test. EPS production capacities, acid resistance, bile tolerance, antibiotic susceptibilities, and antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were determined in the order to investigate their probiotic features. Strains were characterized as Lactobacillus plantarum. All strains survived in De Man Rogosa and Sharpe MRS broth with adjusted pH values of 2 and 3, despite high inhibition rates 95.2-99.2% and 98.3-99.2%, respectively . Furthermore, all strains maintained their viability within MRS broth mediums that contain 0.15%, 0.2% and 0.3% bile viability rates as 81.4-92.5%, 80.9- 87.3% and 73.2-89.2%, respectively . Exopolysaccharide production 4.13-50.33 mg/mL was observed in all strains except for 182a. No antimicrobial activity was detected against E. coli ATCC 25922. All strains experienced high sensitivity to erythromycin while showing resistance to vancomycin. In conclusion, L. plantarum strains obtained in this study can be further investigated for describe other probiotic features and may be used for the production of new probiotic products to provide sufficient therapies in further studies

The effects of radial bowing and complications in intramedullary nail fixation of adult forearm fractures

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of radial bowing changes on fracture healing and functional results in adult forearm intramedullary nail applications and complications of forearm nails that have been discussed rarely in the literature. Patients and methods: Twenty-three patients -11 with isolated radius and 12 with both radius and ulna fractures- (17 males, 6 females; mean age 38.6 years; range 18 to 69 years) who were operated between September 2009 and August 2014 were included in the study. The effects of radial bowing changes on bone healing rates, time to union, and functional levels of the forearm as well as complications of forearm nails were evaluated. Results: We observed fracture healing without any complication in 20 patients (86.9%) and nonunion in three patients (13.1%) although six months had passed after the operation. Statistically significant difference was detected between radial bowing change and nonunion (p=0.01). Two patients (8.6%) with AO/OTA Classification (The Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen [AO]/Orthopaedic Trauma Association [OTA] Classification), type B3 forearm double fractures had synostosis. Extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture or impingement was detected in six patients (26.8%) for which nails were applied on radius fracture. Conclusion: Intramedullary nail application may be an appropriate treatment alternative in forearm fractures with their high healing rates; however, synostosis may arise with its use in wedge fractures (AO/OTA type B3) at the same level. Although radial bowing changes do not have a significant effect on ranges of motion of the forearm, it should be kept in mind that fracture healing may be affected adversely in patients with radial bowing changes of high rates. Complications regarding extensor pollicis longus tendon may develop during intra- or postoperative periods in patients for which a radius nail has been applied

Potency of SARS-CoV-2 on Ocular Tissues

The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 100 million people and resulted in morbidity and mortality around the world. Even though the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by respiratory tract involvement, previous and recent data also indicates ocular manifestation. Not surprisingly, cell entry point of the virus, ACE2 receptor, is widely expressed in ocular tissues ranging from conjunctiva to retina. Despite the sensibility of ocular tissues, the sophisticated defense mechanism of the eye might eliminate viral transmission. Nevertheless, the potential of systemic transmission through the nasolacrimal duct may not be eliminated. In the case of ocular involvement, the disease outcomes might be as treatable as conjunctivitis or as serious as retinal degeneration and the treatment regimen vary accordingly. Within these contingencies, our aim with this chapter is to shed light on molecular bases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, systemic invasiveness following ocular transmission, manifestation and permanent effects on ocular tissues

Sleep quality and depression of older people living at care home

Ülkemizde nüfusun giderek yaşlanmakta olduğu ve yaşlıların artan şekilde yaşlı bakımevi ve huzur evlerinde barınacağı düşüncesiyle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada; İstanbul'daki Türkiye’nin en eski yaşlı bakımevlerinden birinde yaşayan 65 yaş üstü kişilerin uyku kalitesi ve depresyon durumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırmanın evrenini, yaşlı bakımevinde yaşamakta olan 149 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, Aralık 2019’da katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri, depresyon durumları (Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği 15 Kısa Form- GDÖ15) ve uyku kalitelerini (Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi-PUKİ) belirlemeye yönelik bir soru formu aracılığı ile 107 kişiden yüz yüze olarak toplandı. Evrenin çalışma grubuna katılım oranı %71,8 olarak bulundu. Çalışmaya katılanların yaş ortalaması 74,06±7,07 olup %69,2’si erkekti. Depresyon belirtilerine sahip olanların oranı %29,0, uyku kalitesi kötü olanların oranı ise %51,4 olarak bulundu. GDÖ-15 depresyon puanı açısından kronik hastalığı olan grupla olmayan grup arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli fark bulunurken (p=0,047), PUKİ skoru açısından bulunmadı. Cinsiyet ve ziyaret edilme durumları açısındansa hem uyku kalitesi hem de depresyon puanı açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli fark saptanmadı. PUKİ skoru ile GDÖ-15 depresyon puanı arasında pozitif yönde önemli bir korelasyon bulunmakta (r=0,421; p<0,001), uyku kalitesi kötü olanların depresyon puanları da yüksek bulundu.As Turkey's population is getting older, a growing number of older people live in care and nursing homes. This study aims to determine the depression and the sleeping quality states of people aged 65 and older, who live in a care home. The population of this cross-sectional study is 149 elderly people who live in one of the oldest care home in Istanbul. In December 2019, the data of the study were collected from 107 participants via face-to-face questionnaires that included the Geriatric Depression Scale -15 (GDS-15) and Pittsburgh Sleeping Quality Index (PSQI), besides sociodemographic questions. The participation rate was 71.8%. The average age of the participants was 74.06±7.07, and the majority of them were male (69.2%). The findings of the study revealed 29.0% had depression symptoms and 51.4% had poor sleep quality. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups whether having at least a chronic disease or not, in terms of depression scores (p=0.047), but no difference between sleep quality. There were no significant differences between groups of gender and whether they were being visited by their acquaintances or not, as far as depression score and sleep quality are concerned. There was a significant positive correlation between PSQI and GDS-15 depression scores (r=0.421; p<0.001), that people with poor sleep quality were found to have increased GDS-15 depression scores

The information requirements and self-perceptions of Turkish women undergoing hysterectomy

WOS: 000369318000036PubMed ID: 27022368Objectives: To investigate the affects, information requirements and self-perceptions of Turkish women undergoing hysterectomy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 37 Turkish women undergoing hysterectomy and followed in a gynecology unit of a state hospital in Canakkale, Turkey, between February and August 2012. Data were collected before discharge with a questionnaire composed of 32 questions. Percentage distributions and Chi-square test were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: There was a significant relationship between fear of anesthesia and number of pregnancies (p=0.007) and between death during surgery and number of pregnancies in the preoperative period (p=0.027). The relationship between knowing type of surgery and knowing when sutures would be removed was also significant in post-operative period (p=0.045). In addition, there was a significant relationship between women's living only with their husbands and worrying about not having children anymore (p=0.032). Conclusion: The women's information needs were high and women's self-perceptions had been affected negatively after hysterectomy. It is recommended that nurses, primarily health professionals should have adequate knowledge on comprehensive care and psychosocial support after hysterectomy

The reasons for delivery Related fear and associated factors in western Turkey

Background &nbsp;&amp; Aim:&nbsp;Childbirth related fear (CRF) causes pregnant women&nbsp; to select cesarean section (CS) without a medical reason. The purpose of this study was to determine reasons for delivery related fear and associated factors in pregnant women.Methods &amp; Materials:&nbsp;A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 315 pregnant wom- en who were in the last trimester. Participants were randomly recruited from an outpatient clinic of a state hospital in Çanakkale, Turkey, between March and May 2012. Data were collected using a socio-demographic &nbsp;information &nbsp;form and CRF&nbsp; information &nbsp;questionnaire. &nbsp;Descriptive &nbsp;statistics and chi-square test were performed to identify the frequency of delivery related fear and associat- ed factors. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, frequency, and chi-square test using SPSS version 16.Results:&nbsp;The mean age of the pregnant women was 26.67 ± 5.62 years and the mean gestational week of the women was 34.02 ± 4.22. Of 315 women, 53.7% had CS, 30.8% had vaginal birth, 34% had prenatal education, 69.8% had knowledge about birth, 66% were influenced by prenataleducation positively, 62.5% had delivery-related&nbsp; fear, and 27% of them stated that this fear was related to loss of their babies. About 40% of the women talked to their mothers about childbirth and 70.2% of these women were affected positively by these conversations, 24.1% of the women heard about bad birth experiences,&nbsp; and 69.7% of the women were affected negatively by these experiences. There was a significant relationship between delivery related fear and age, education, income, &nbsp;the&nbsp; number &nbsp;of &nbsp;pregnancies, &nbsp;problems &nbsp;in &nbsp;pregnancy, &nbsp;planning &nbsp;of&nbsp; pregnancy, &nbsp;prenatal health monitoring visits, getting information related to birth, being influenced by this information, talking about birth with people, and hearing about bad birth experiences (P &lt; 0.050).Conclusion:&nbsp;Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that pregnant women need to get appropriate information from health professionals to deal with CRF.</p