Inteligência Artificial na Prevenção da COVID-19: prospecção no contexto epidemiológico no mundo pós-pandêmico

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 motivated scientific and technological development to face it. Artificial Intelligence (AI) enters as a branch capable of assisting in epidemiological control and disease prevention. The objective of this article is to carry out scientific and technological prospecting on AI in the epidemiological and prevention context. Such information can contribute to combating new health crises. The Lens.org platform was used to investigate scientific works and patents relating AI, prevention, epidemiology and COVID-19. 57 articles and 19 patents were found, of these, one patent that cites an article and four patents that are cited in new technologies. It is observed that AI is an ally in epidemiological control, in the prevention and diagnosis of COVID-19 and can contribute to the analysis of large volumes of data, in the generation of control strategies, in the conduct of tests and in the creation of medicine or vaccines.A pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19 motivou o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico para seu enfrentamento. A Inteligência Artificial (IA) entra como um ramo capaz de auxiliar no controle epidemiológico e na prevenção da doença. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar a prospecção científica e tecnológica sobre IA no contexto epidemiológico e de prevenção no mundo pós-pandêmico. Tais informações podem contribuir para combater novas crises de saúde. A plataforma Lens.org foi utilizada para averiguar trabalhos científicos e patentes relacionando IA, prevenção e epidemiologia com a COVID-19. Foram encontrados 57 artigos e 19 patentes, destas, uma patente que cita um artigo e quatro patentes que são citadas em novas tecnologias. Observa-se que a IA se tornou um aliado no controle epidemiológico, na prevenção e no diagnóstico da COVID-19 e pode contribuir com a análise de grande volume de dados, na geração de estratégias de controle, na condução de testes e na criação de medicamento ou vacinas

Public Research Institutions and Their Connections with Patents of Companies in Technological and Regional Development

The interaction between companies and universities is a central theme in discussions on technology transfer. In Brazil, there is an urgent need to raise awareness of the importance of this cooperative relationship for local and regional development. In this sense, it is observed that the innovation process is strategic so that an institution is strengthened and can fulfill its social mission in economic and regional development. Piauí, according to the IBGE census, has a population estimate of 3,273,227 in 2019. Piaui\u27s per capita income is R$ 817.00 and ranks 24th in Brazil in this regard. With these data, the need arises to intervene scientifically in this reality. The objective of this study is to investigate the partnership relationships between companies and public research institutions in Piauí, in the development and transfer of technologies. Research Institutions are the main promoters of technological development in the state, however, for these technologies to reach productive arrangements, strategic alignment in the management of these technologies is necessary. Documentary research was used, with a quantitative approach. In the exploratory search, INPI\u27s databases (National Institute of Industrial Property) and of Espacenet ( European Patent Office ) was used. We sought to select the companies with relevant economic representativeness in the state scenario and investigated the patent information. In the analysis of the data obtained, the Competitiveness Ranking of the CLP States (Public Leadership) was used to compare Piauí with well positioned states. According to the results found, it is observed that the transfer of technology between research institutions and companies is not evident. However, we can see that there are partnership initiatives with small companies in conducting research that can project a change in this scenario. The low number of patents and public/private partnerships in driving innovation in the state of Piauí, may be related to the low index evidenced by the Competitiveness Ranking of States - CLP

Prospecção Científica sobre Epidemiologia e Prevenção da Covid-19 Aliada à Inteligência Artificial

Covid-19 became a global concern when the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. With the spread of the disease, it is important that the knowledge of nations facing Covid-19 be applied in the countries where it is spread. It seeks to discuss preventive methods to aid in the containment of Covid-19 and the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for monitoring and predicting the incidence of the disease. The SCOPUS platform was used to survey and analyze the data, with preference for scientific articles. Most articles were published by China and the United States. Three articles were found that relate the disease to prevention and epidemiology. No articles were found with the terms Covid-19, AI, prevention and epidemiology. AI was found in 13 documents on Epidemiology. It is suggested the implementation of information systems with AI in quarantine monitoring and prediction, equipment for testing and helping to manage epidemic crises.A Covid-19 tornou-se preocupação mundial quando a Organização Mundial da Saúde a declarou como pandemia. Com a disseminação da doença, é importante que os conhecimentos das nações que enfrentam a Covid-19 sejam aplicados nos países em que ela se dissemina. Buscou-se discutir aqui métodos preventivos para auxílio na contenção da Covid-19 e o uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) para monitoramento e predição da incidência da doença. Utilizou-se a plataforma SCOPUS para levantamento e análise dos dados, com preferência para artigos científicos. Os artigos foram publicados, em sua maioria, pela China e Estados Unidos. Encontrou-se três artigos que relacionam a doença com prevenção e a epidemiologia. Nenhum artigo foi encontrado com os termos Covid-19, IA, prevenção e epidemiologia. Encontrou-se a IA em 13 documentos sobre Epidemiologia. Sugere-se a implantação de sistemas informáticos com IA no monitoramento de quarentena, previsão de casos, equipamentos para testes da doença e auxílio à gestão de crises epidêmicas

Development and bloom in hybrids of wild passion fruit cultivated in different types of pots and shading levels

Ornamental hybrids of passion flowers are thoroughly diffused in many countries and used in the decoration of houses and gardens. However, the cultivation of ornamental passion fruits practically unexploited in Brazil. This study aimed at evaluating the growth and blooming of F1 hybrids of Passiflora L. (P. sublanceolata J.M. MacDougal [ex P. palmeri var. sublanceolata Killip] vs. P. foetida var. foetida L.) cultivated in ceramic and concrete pots under different shading levels. The vegetative and flower evaluations were carried out weekly, in clonal cuttings 60 days after rooting. The height, leaf length and width, the number of internodes and leaves and stem diameter were evaluated using a randomized complete design in a factorial scheme which corresponded to two genotypes, two types of pot, three shading levels (25 %, 50 %, 75 %) and seven weeks of evaluation, with four replications. For the variable number of flowers, the same experimental design was adopted. However, the number of evaluations was modified for three periods, but this was not considered for the flower diameter and leaf area. The shading levels of 25 % and 50 % were the most favorable to the growth in height, whereas hybrid genotypes under 25 % shade had greater increase in the number of leaves, internodes and stem diameter, showing tolerance to moderate shade. The higher values for length, width and leaf area were observed at 75 % shade. The greatest number of flowers was verified at 25 % shadow in concrete pots. As for the types of pot, the ceramic ones were more favorable to the growth of hybrid plants during the first weeks of acclimatization to the treatments, and the concrete ones were more propitious to blooming. Thus, the use of hybrid plants in concrete pots for the ornamentation of internal environments is recommended, if they are well illuminated

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN