Oil content and yield of castor bean as affected by nitrogen fertilization and saline water irrigation

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o teor de óleo e a produção de sementes da mamoneira 'BRS Energia', submetida a doses de adubação nitrogenada e irrigação com água com diferentes índices de salinidade. O experimento foi realizado em lisímetros, em condições de campo, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram dos índices salinos da água de 0,4 (controle), 1,4, 2,4, 3,4 e 4,4 dS m‑1, associados a 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% das doses de N recomendadas para ensaio. A interação entre salinidade da água de irrigação e doses de N não foi significativa para nenhuma variável estudada. A salinidade da água até 1,4 dS m‑1 propiciou teor de óleo das sementes de 47%. Doses de N acima de 64% da recomendada promoveram teor de óleo inferior a 48%. A maior produção de matéria seca da parte aérea foi obtida com 150% da dose de N recomendada. O incremento salino a partir de 0,4 dS m‑1 aumenta o tempo para emissão do racemo primário e reduz os valores dos componentes de produção, dos quais a massa de matéria seca da parte aérea e o número de frutos são os mais afetados. Condutividade elétrica da água de até 1,9 dS m‑1 e doses de N a partir de 134% da recomendada propiciam maior número de racemos.The objective of this work was to evaluate the oil content and seed yield of castor bean 'BRS Energia' subjected to doses of N fertilization and irrigation water with different levels of salinity. The experiment was carried out in lysimeters, under field conditions, using a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Treatments consisted of the irrigation‑water salinity levels of 0.4 (control), 1.4, 2.4, 3.4 and 4.4 dS m‑1, associated to 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the recommended N dose for trials. There was no significant interaction between irrigation water salinity and nitrogen levels for any of the studied variables. Water salinity of up to 1.4 dS m‑1 provided 47% of oil content in seeds. Nitrogen doses 64% above recommended promoted less than 48% of oil content. The highest shoot dry weight was obtained with 150% of the recommended N dose. Increasing water salinity from 0.4 dS m‑1 increases the interval for emission of the primary raceme and reduces the yield components, of which shoot dry weight and number of fruits are the most affected. Electrical conductivity of irrigation water up to 1.9 dS m‑1 and N levels up to 134% of the recommended dose provide a greater number of racemes

Surveillance of the first cases of COVID-19 in Sergipe using a prospective spatiotemporal analysis: the spatial dispersion and its public health implications

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health emergency with lethality ranging from 1% to 5%. This study aimed to identify active high-risk transmission clusters of COVID-19 in Sergipe. Methods: We performed a prospective space-time analysis using confirmed cases of COVID-19 during the first 7 weeks of the outbreak in Sergipe. Results: The prospective space-time statistic detected "active" and emerging spatio-temporal clusters comprising six municipalities in the south-central region of the state. Conclusions: The Geographic Information System (GIS) associated with spatio-temporal scan statistics can provide timely support for surveillance and assist in decision-making

Policy and strategies addressing prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in Brazil : a scoping review protocol

Introduction - Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered one of the biggest health challenges of the 21st century. It has both social and economic consequences; therefore, timely review of public health policies that have been designed to manage AMR is essential. Brazil too has developed and implemented various polices for the prevention and control of AMR. However, till date, no study provides insights regarding the various public health policies or other programs implemented by Brazilian institutes. Objective - The objective is to define a scoping review protocol of policies that were developed to address prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in Brazil, from a human health perspective. Method - This protocol has been registered in the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/EC9ZJ). Indexed literature in English, Spanish and Portuguese published till December 2020 in Lilacs, PubMed, Embase, and official websites of the Brazilian government will be reviewed. This review considers all studies identified through a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature databases that have a reference for policies made for managing AMR in Brazil. The criteria for the scoping review will be set by two evaluators. A third evaluator will be consulted, if there is any disagreement between the two primary evaluators. A standardized form will be used for data extraction from the selected studies. The results will be presented in a tabular form with narrative abstracts related to the topics identified through the scoping review protocol. The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews tool will be used

Cardiopulmonary Re-Immonation (CPR): How Long Should A Person Insist On Performing The Maneuvers?

Objetive: The study had the aim to describe the exact moment of interrupting CPR maneuvers in patients in CRP situations. Method: This is an exploratory and descriptive research, with quantitative character and approach. It was performed with 67 (seventy-seven) nurses from a Regional Hospital, who were informed about the objectives of the same. There were included those who act in direct patient care; of effective position and contracted in the service; And with more than one (1) year of training. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire, previously elaborated, containing objective, subjective and non-inductive questions, which allowed the informant to answer the data pertinent to the study. It was found that the majority of the interviewees were women, aged between 31 and 35 years, specialists, with more than 4 years of training and 3 years of service, medical / surgical clinic attendees, and without reports of training. Results: They demonstrated they know the exact timing of CPR maneuvers but reported that they would not apply CPR in situations in which the patient had cadaveric stiffness, decomposition, crushing of the skull and thorax, or a CPA report of more than 20 minutes. Faced with conditions in which the team could decide not to perform CPR, they reported not applying CPR in the vegetative state, in terminal or chronic patients. Conclusion: Therefore, they conclude that the said moment of interrupting the protocol is determined in a personal and ethical way, that is, by the individuality of each situation. Keywords: Nurses. Cardiovascular Stop. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Pay for performance in primary care: the contribution of the Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ) on avoidable hospitalisations in Brazil, 2009-2018.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the effect of pay-for-performance (P4P) schemes on provider performance is mixed in low-income and middle-income countries. Brazil introduced its first national-level P4P scheme in 2011 (PMAQ-Brazilian National Programme for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality). PMAQ is likely one of the largest P4P schemes in the world. We estimate the association between PMAQ and hospitalisations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) based on a panel of 5564 municipalities. METHODS: We conducted a fixed effect panel data analysis over the period of 2009-2018, controlling for coverage of primary healthcare, hospital beds per 10 000 population, education, real gross domestic product per capita and population density. The outcome is the hospitalisation rate for ACSCs among people aged 64 years and under per 10 000 population. Our exposure variable is defined as the percentage of family health teams participating in PMAQ, which captures the roll-out of PMAQ over time. We also provided several sensitivity analyses, by using alternative measures of the exposure and outcome variables, and a placebo test using transport accident hospitalisations instead of ACSCs. RESULTS: The results show a negative and statistically significant association between the rollout of PMAQ and ACSC rates for all age groups. An increase in PMAQ participating of one percentage point decreased the hospitalisation rate for ACSC by 0.0356 (SE 0.0123, p=0.004) per 10 000 population (aged 0-64 years). This corresponds to a reduction of approximately 60 829 hospitalisations in 2018. The impact is stronger for children under 5 years (-0.0940, SE 0.0375, p=0.012), representing a reduction of around 11 936 hospitalisations. Our placebo test shows that the association of PMAQ on the hospitalisation rate for transport accidents is not statistically significant, as expected. CONCLUSION: We find that PMAQ was associated with a modest reduction in hospitalisation for ACSCs

Promoção de Saúde em Educação em Doenças Tropicais e Parasitarias em Belém, Pará / Health Promotion in Education in Tropical and Parasitic Diseases in Belém, Pará

Introdução: As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias ainda apresentam grande importância à saúde pública no Brasil, principalmente em estados das regiões Norte e Nordeste, nos quais persistem precárias condições de vida. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical da Universidade Federal do Pará. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal realizado no Ambulatório do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical mediante palestras educativas. Teve como público-alvo indivíduos com idade a partir de 18 anos, sendo selecionados 56 questionários tendo como critérios de inclusão o desejo de participar da pesquisa, explícito mediante assinatura de TCLE, e como critérios de exclusão, indivíduos que se recusaram a assinar o TCLE. Resultados: Foram respondidos 56 questionários sociodemográficos. Em relação a variável idade, têm-se que a média das idades dos participantes os quais optaram por informar foi de 44,21 anos. Em relação a escolaridade, 25% possuem apenas o ensino fundamental; 25%, apenas o ensino médio e 26,78%, afirmaram possuírem ensino superior. Sobre a atividade realizada, 87,50% afirmaram que a palestra proporcionou novos conhecimentos e autocuidado; 8,93%, negaram e 3,57% não responderam. Discussão: As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias envolvem diversos aspectos, entre eles enfatiza-se a importância da integração entre formas de aumentar a prevenção e realizar um maior controle da disseminação patógena. É evidente a necessidade de ações que promovam a prevenção e controle das doenças de cunho infeccioso de maneira multisetorial. Conclusão: Nota-se a importância de palestras educacionais de promoção de saúde para transmissão de conhecimento e de novos aprendizados para população, pois o projeto conseguiu repassar com êxito informações básicas e fundamentais de autocuidados em saúde. Diante disso, é fundamental a adoção de mais medidas de educação em saúde para minimizar riscos para sociedade

CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM NOS CUIDADOS RELACIONADOS A CATETERISMO VENOSO PERIFÉRICO EM NEONATOS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADES DE TRATAMENTO INTENSIVO

This research aims to identify nursing care related to peripheral venipuncture in neonatal patients admitted to intensive care units. This is an integrative literature review, carried out between September and October 25, 2021, through the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) and PubMed. Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) were used and crossed with the Boolean operator “AND”: Nursing care AND peripheral catheterization AND Neonates AND Intensive care unit (together and separately). Ten studies were used to build the research discussion. The nursing team is a crucial factor in the care of neonatal patients in Intensive Care Units, adopting practices and planning aimed at safety and quality of hospitalization in relation to the insertion, care and removal of the PICC. In addition, the referent study serves as an influence for the development of new research on this theme.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los cuidados de enfermería relacionados con la punción venosa periférica en pacientes neonatales ingresados ​​en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura, realizada entre septiembre y el 25 de octubre de 2021, a través de las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Base de Datos de Enfermería (BDENF), Biblioteca Electrónica Científica en Línea (Scielo), Análisis de Literatura Médica y Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) y PubMed. Se utilizaron Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) y se cruzaron con el operador booleano “Y”: Cuidados de enfermería Y cateterismo periférico Y Neonatos Y Unidad de cuidados intensivos (juntos y por separado). Se utilizaron diez estudios para construir la discusión de la investigación. El equipo de enfermería es un factor crucial en la atención de los pacientes neonatales en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, adoptando prácticas y planificación orientadas a la seguridad y calidad de la hospitalización en relación a la inserción, cuidado y retiro del PICC. Además, el estudio referente sirve de influencia para el desarrollo de nuevas investigaciones sobre este temaA referida pesquisa objetiva-se pela identificação dos cuidados de enfermagem relacionados a punção venosa periférica em pacientes neonatais internados em unidades de tratamento intensivo. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura do tipo integrativa, realizada entre os meses de setembro a 25 de outubro de 2021, através das bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), o portal Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) e PubMed. Utilizado os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e cruzados com o operador booleano “AND”: Cuidados de enfermagem AND cateterismo periférico AND Neonatos AND Unidade de terapia intensiva (juntos e separados). Foram usados 10 estudos para construção da discussão da pesquisa. A equipe de enfermagem é fator crucial no cuidado a pacientes neonatais em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, adotando práticas e planejamentos que visam segurança e qualidade de internação em relação a inserção, cuidado e remoção do PICC. Além disso, o referente estudo serve de influência para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas nessa temática