The effectiveness of parent-based pivotal response treatment on social health and psychological well-being among mothers with autistic children

Introduction: Parents of children with autism are increasingly are considered as one of the primary source of intervention for their children, also there is an increasing demand for access to effective interventions for families who have children with autism. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of parent-based pivotal response treatment (PRT) on social health (the amount of interaction a person has with their community) among mothers with autistic children.Methods: The present study is a semi-experimental research and its design consists of pretest, posttest with control group and a sample of 40 mothers with autistic children referring to the educational and rehabilitation center of Tehran and Karaj from fall to winter of 2016., participants  were selected in two groups of control (20 people) and tested (20 people). To measure the independent variables in the pretest, post-test questionnaires, Reef psychological well-being and the social health of Keyes and Shapiro (short form) were used. The experimental group was trained for PRT during three months. Ultimately, the collected data were analyzed applying SPSS software via paired t-test and independent t-test method.  Results: The results showed that there was significant increase in scales of social heath and psychological well-being in both experimental group and control group; but the increment was significantly higher in experimental group (P < 0.001; P < 0.023 respectively).Conclusion: According to benefits of parental intervention in treatment and importance of increasing therapy sessions for children with autism, it is recommended that this therapy method in conjunction with conventional methods is offered to parents of children with autism specially mothers.

Numerical investigation of simultaneous effect of end sills and roughness on flow characteristics in V-shaped stepped spillways

The special configuration of V- shape stepped spillways increases energy dissipation and aeration compared to the smooth spillways due to the creation of many vortices near the steps. In this research, the energy dissipation in different types of stepped spillways with various horizontal face angles has been investigated using numerical modeling. The FLUENT, was used to model the flow over V-shape stepped spillway. The k-ɛ realizable turbulence model was selected to model the turbulent flow. The numerical results were compared with the available experimental data. The results showed a reasonable agreement between two sets of data. Then the effects of horizontal face angle, roughness and the efficiency of the end sill were investigated by numerical modeling. According to the model results, as the horizontal face angle increased, the energy dissipation also increased. Furthermore, the efficiency of end sill on the stepped spillways increased the rate of energy dissipation about 2.8 to 3.99 percent because the end sill acted like a stilling basin. Moreover, the energy dissipation increased slightly about 0.9 to 1.94 percent by increasing the roughness. Also, areas of steps under the negative pressure that could create cavitation were determined to define the minimum negative pressure and its location in all of models. Finally, the simultaneous effect of several parameters was considered to increase the energy dissipation and the minimum negative pressure

Creativity among musically trained and untrained girl students

The purpose of this study is to compare the creativity of musically trained and untrained third grade high school and first grade guidance school girl students. The sample of this study consist of 93 students from first grade guidance and third grade students in the academic year 1383-84 in Tehran. The research method is causal comparative and the research tool is Torrance Test of creativity (1974) with a reliability 0.63. The results show creativity scores of musically trained student in Torrance test of creativity and subtest (fluency, flexibility, initiative and originality) are higher than the untrained students. The creativity scores of trained students who learned music before age 10 are also higher than others who started after this age. This investigation has shown that music training plays a great role on creativity of students suggesting that music teaching should be started in schools along with other lessons preferably before age 10. In conclusion, it is suggested that the parents need to encourage the children to be involved in music during their childhood years. By participating in music class, both the parents and children may spend quality time together

Umor očiju korisnika terminala za videoprikaz i njegov odnos s poremećajima spavanja

Visual display terminal (VDT) work has become a major part of operation in majority of workplace. This study aimed to eye fatigue in video display terminal users and its relation to sleep disorders. This cross-sectional study was done on 209 computer users who work more than one year in this field. All participants completed a questionnaire about their age, sex, BMI, years of experience, and hours of daily computer use. A standardized visual fatigue questionnaire was used for detection presence and severity of eye strain. Sleep quality was used to assess Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) , and the Epworth Sleepiness Questionnaire (ESS) to assess daytime sleepiness in participants. Insomnia was assessed by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The most common eye symptoms including eye fatigue (65.5%), eyelid heaviness sensation (69.4%), eye irritation (67.2%), dry eye (67.8%), blurred vision (68.5%), and tearing (68.1%) were significantly higher in participants who were working more than 8 hours with DVT in day. There was a significant correlation between scores of eye fatigue and insomnia severity (Rho=0.32, P<0.05). According to results, the prevalence of eye symptoms particularly eyelid heaviness sensation and blurred vision was high. However, eye fatigue was more affected insomnia severity in VDT users. Therefore, it is needed to protect computer users from the adverse effects of VDT. Implementing proper ergonomic programs to the workplace are important for achievement to good physical and mental health among VDT users.Rad terminala za vizualni prikaz (VDT) postao je glavni dio pogona na većini radnih mjesta. Ova studija presjeka provedena je na 209 korisnika računala koji rade više od jedne godine u ovom području. Svi sudionici ispunili su upitnik o svojoj dobi, spolu, indeksu tjelesne mase, godinama iskustva i satima svakodnevnog korištenja računala. Standardizirani upitnik korišten je kako bi se detektirala prisutnost i ozbiljnost naprezanja oka. Upitnik sadrži 15 pitanja o problemima s očima. Nesanica je ocijenjena indeksom ozbiljnosti nesanice. Najčešći očni simptomi uključujući umor očiju (65,5 %), osjećaj težine kapaka (69,4 %), iritacija oka (67,2 %), suho oko (67,8 %), zamagljen vid (68,5 %) i suzenje oka (68,1 %) bili su značajno viši u sudionika koji su radili više od osam sati s VDT-om na dan. Postojala je značajna korelacija između rezultata umora očiju i ozbiljnosti nesanice (Rho=0,32, P<0,05). Prema ovim rezultatima, prevalencija očnih simptoma bila je visoka i povezana s ozbiljnošću nesanice u naših VDT korisnika. Dakle, potrebno je zaštititi korisnike računala od štetnih VDT učinaka. Implementacija ispravnih ergonomskih programa na radnom mjestu važna je kako bi se postiglo dobro fizičko i mentalno zdravlje među VDT korisnicima

characteristic Findings of primary sclerosing cholangitis on endoscopic Retrograde cholangiography: Which is the Most common Finding?

Abstract Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease and one of the most common indications for cholangiography (ERCP). We undertook this study to clarify whether there is a specific pattern of involvement of the biliary tract in patients with PSC and to evaluate features of PSC disease on ERCP in order to be able to manage this disease better. Methods: This retrospective study included 45 patients admitted to Taleghani Hospital in 2004–2010 and diagnosed to have PSC on the basis of typical cholangiographic findings in combination with clinical and laboratory data. Patients suspected to have secondary sclerosing cholangitis were excluded. Demographic and clinical data were recorded, along with cholangiographic findings and the frequency of large duct and small duct PSC. Results: Forty-five patients of mean age 34.8 (range 15–66) years were included. Twenty-nine patients (64.4%) had inflammatory bowel disease, and the frequency of large duct PSC and small duct PSC was 93.4% and 6.6%, respectively. The intrahepatic ducts alone were involved in 11 (24.4%) patients and the extrahepatic ducts were involved in 14 (31.1%), with 17 (37.7%) patients having both intrahepatic and extrahepatic PSC. Three (6.6%) patients did not have bile duct involvement on ERCP, and their disease was diagnosed by liver biopsy as small duct PSC. The most common type of cholangiographic feature of intrahepatic duct involvement was type 2, found in 15 (33.3%) patients, with type 3 being the most common type of extrahepatic duct involvement and detected in 16 (35.5%) patients. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the most common PSC finding on ERCP is involvement of both the extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts, with small duct PSC being less common than large duct PSC

Inhaled Lavender Effect on Anxiety and Pain Caused From Intrauterine Device Insertion

Introduction: Intrauterine device (IUD) is the most common reliable, effective and reversible contraceptive method used worldwide and in areas with high growth rate is of particular importance. IUD insertion is associated with high anxiety in most people that causes pain and discomfort. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety and pain caused by IUD insertion. Methods: This study was conducted on 106 women in a health care center located in Ardebil, Iran. Participants were divided into two groups by randomized blocks of 4 and 6. In the experimental group lavender scent was inhaled and in the control group the placebo was inhaled 30 minutes before IUD insertion. The anxiety of the participants was measured by Spielberger questionnaire, and the pain of IUD insertion was measured immediately after the insertion using visual analog scale (range 0-10). Results: The mean score (standard deviation) of anxiety before intervention was 43.2 (9.2) in the experimental group that decreased after intervention to 39.0 (10.5) (p < 0.001), while this score was 42.2 (9.0) and 41.5 (8.4) before and after the intervention in the control group (p = 0.21). Mean differences of anxiety in both groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The pain score after intervention did not show significant difference between two groups (p = 0.51). Conclusion: Aromatherapy with lavender inhalation was effective in decreasing anxiety in IUD procedure, and this method can be used in health care centers as complementary treatments

An eight-coordinate zinc complex containing the highly pre-organized ligand 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid: solvothermal synthesis, supramolecular structure and CSD studies

A new anionic coordination complex of Zn(II) containing the highly pre-organized ligand 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylate (PDA), (H3O)2[Zn(PDA)2]·2CH3NO2·2H2O·(1), has been synthesized by solvothermal methods and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The last of these techniques revealed a coordination sphere around Zn(II) consisting of four N atoms and four O donors from two 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylate ligands which features a distorted dodecahedral geometry. The ionic coordination motifs in 1 are held together by intermolecular O―H…O, N―H…O and C―H…O hydrogen bonding, C―H... π and π−π stacking interactions, to produce an extended 2D architecture

Bilateral Pulmonary Artery, Inferior Vena Cava, and Cardiac Echinococcosis: A Rare Presentation of Zoonotic Diseases

Introduction:Cystic hydatidosis is a zoonoticdisease thatis mostly observedin the Mediterranean region. This infectious disease may present throughdifferent manifestations that may delay the diagnosis and cause various complications for the patients. Most of the cases are usually diagnosed by imaging studies and the related management could be medical or surgical depending on the patient’s clinical condition and disease severity. Case presentation:In the present report, we present the case ofa 50-year-old female patient with a positive history of liver and splenichydatid cysts with hemoptysis and dyspnea. The diagnosis of pulmonary and cardiac involvement wasmade usingcomputed tomography angiography. Despite the immediate surgery, the patient died from hemorrhage after 3 days. Conclusion:Themanagement of pulmonary embolism due to Echinococcus highly depends on the clinical judgment and the outcomes are subject to the history and extent of the involvement

Using CREAM to identify and assess Human Errors in Control Rooms of Arya Sasol Polymer Company

Background and aims: Studies in the field of industrial accidents have shown that Human errors have the most important and significant role in accidents. According to studies conducted, 60 to 90 percent of accidents occur as a direct result of human errors.&nbsp; The main objective of this study is to identify and assess human errors in Control Rooms of Arya Sasol Polymer Company by CREAM method. Methods: This Descriptive, Cross_Sectional study was conducted in 2016, using the Hierarchical task analysis (HTA). 14 job tasks was analyzed in four control rooms of the Arya Sasol Polymer Company. Then, by using the basic and extended version of CREAM, common performance conditions and cognitive failure probability were determined and the results were analyzed. Results: The results of this study show that 45%&nbsp; of identified errors related to execution errors, 22% observation errors, 22% interpretation errors and 11% planning errors. Conclusion: The results of this study show that it is required to Opportunistic Control Mode for initiating off-site section But for other tasks need to Tactical control mode. Using this technique is&nbsp; appropriate to determine the type of errors and methods of control

The Relationship between Iranian EFL Learners’ Multiple Intelligences and their Writing Performance across Different Genders

After Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT), some language teaching practitioners set out to teach students in a way to help their dominant intelligence(s) blossom. In an EFL context, usually teachers’ main focus is to develop communication skills. Nowadays, writing is one of the main ways by which people communicate. Thus, this study aimed at investigating possible relationship between Multiple Intelligences and writing performance of Iranian EFL learners across different genders. To conduct this study, 15 male and 15 female advanced EFL learners from a reputable institute in Tabriz participated.  They passed through a placement test to enter the course, yet the researchers administered a Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) to ensure homogeneity in the group. After a session of introducing the project’s purpose, Multiple Intelligence Developmental Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire was administered for obtaining participants’ Multiple Intelligence profile.  Later, the participants were given a text and asked to read and summarize it. The collected writings were analyzed for grammatical accuracy, complexity and quality of the writing based on Jacob et al.’s (1981) scale. The results of the correlational analysis revealed that overall Multiple Intelligences correlated positively with the quality of the female learners’ writing. The findings suggest that English teachers consider the role of multiple intelligences in learning and teaching process and provide more effective activities to help learners of different intelligences improve their foreign language writing skill