The Use of Emoji in Electronic User Experience Questionnaire: An Exploratory Case Study

Emojis are a growing phenomenon that have gained popularity in the digital era. However, little research exists on their use; a notable absent topic is the adoption of emojis in user experience questionnaires (UEQs). This study draws on semi- structured interview data from 31 participants to understand how emojis affect the experience of filling out UEQs. The data analysis reveals two key categories regarding participants’ experiences: advantages and challenges. This research contributes to the existing literature by presenting a detailed exploratory case study of user reactions to emojis in the context of UEQs

How to Motivate Adults to Check for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Using Three Types of Triggers

In the United States, about 1/3 of seniors die with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or a related dementia. Age, family history, education, and lifestyle are some of the most important factors leading to AD among adults. This research paper investigates how to motivate adults who are 50 years or older to visit a/their primary physician regularly in order to discover AD in the early stage by the influence of three triggers. Fogg’s Behavioral Model (FBM) was used as the basis for this study. This research involved conducting semi-structured interviews in three case studies using three triggers: oral documentation, video, and a smartphone app. The findings showed that the smartphone app and the oral documentation triggers had a positive impact in motivating people to have the intention to carry out the target behavior. However, the video trigger had low impact in terms of motivating people.

The Effect of Implementing an SMS Messaging System to Overcome the Lack of Transmission of HPV Facts in Saudi Arabia

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the leading cause of cervical cancer, which kills hundreds of thousands of women around the world. Facts about HPV exist, yet there is a lack of knowledge about it among women who need to know. One factor that limits the spread of knowledge is that HPV is marked by stigma. Another is factor is language barriers. The main aim of this research is to develop and implement a theory of the solution (Markus, 2014). The solution designed involves a 2-way interactive messaging system, directed by an HPVWA flowchart, to increase and maintain women\u27s self-efficacy to educate themselves about HPV. The system is one possible solution to the problem of the lack of transmission of HPV facts. 34 Saudi women participated in the research. Its results indicate that using an SMS messaging system is an effective method to use to increase and maintain women\u27s self-efficacy

How to Motivate Adults to Check for Alzheimer\u27s Disease (AD) Using Three Types of Triggers

In the United States, about 1/3 of seniors die with Alzheimer\u27s Disease (AD) or a related dementia. Age, family history, education, and lifestyle are some of the most important factors leading to AD among adults. This research paper investigates how to motivate adults who are 50 years or older to visit a/their primary physician regularly in order to discover AD in the early stage by the influence of three triggers. Fogg’s Behavioral Model (FBM) was used as the basis for this study. This research involved conducting semi-structured interviews in three case studies using three triggers: oral documentation, video, and a smartphone app. The findings showed that the smartphone app and the oral documentation triggers had a positive impact in motivating people to have the intention to carry out the target behavior. However, the video trigger had low impact in terms of motivating people.

A Tailored Sleep Behavior Change Support System to Promote the Use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Machines: Theorizing the Solution

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines are the most effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Despite the reported benefits of CPAP machines in treating OSA, its effectiveness is reduced by less-than-optimal adherence or use. Up to 50% of patients who accept CPAP therapy fail to adhere to it. As a lack of commitment to CPAP therapy is one of the most significant factors that hinder OSA treatment effectiveness, patient motivation and education are critical to help alleviate the problem of poor CPAP adherence or use. Three sequential studies were conducted to promote CPAP usage among adult patients with moderate-to-severe OSA. In Study I, a formative study was undertaken to develop, validate the content of, and test a theory-driven message library targeted toward newly diagnosed OSA patients. In Study II, a randomized crossover design was adopted to test the effect of a tailored sleep behavioral change support system on mean hours of CPAP use and CPAP compliance among adults with moderate-to-severe OSA. In Study III, a qualitative assessment of the tailored sleep behavioral change support system was conducted to determine the factors that influence the effectiveness of the intervention. The findings suggest that the system is feasible and an acceptable addition to patient care services. This dissertation helped better understand how the tailored support system can accommodate OSA patient needs and generates ideas to refine that system

Exploring the impact of environmental exposure changes on metabolic biomarkers: A 6-month GPS-GIS study among women with overweight or obesity

International audienceBACKGROUND: Little is known about the impact of environmental exposure change on metabolic biomarkers associated with cancer risk. Furthermore, this limited epidemiological evidence on metabolic biomarkers focused on residential exposure, without considering the activity space which can be done by modelling dynamic exposures. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate the impact of environmental exposures change on metabolic biomarkers using GPS-GIS based measurements. METHODS: Among two weight loss interventions, the Reach for Health and the MENU studies, which included ∼460 women at risk of breast cancer or breast cancer survivors residing in Southern California, three metabolic biomarkers (insulin resistance, fasting glucose, and C-reactive protein) were assessed. Dynamic GPS-GIS based exposure to green spaces, recreation, walkability, NO(2), and PM2.5 were calculated at baseline and 6 months follow-up using time-weighted spatial averaging. Generalized estimating equations models were used to examine the relationship between changes in environmental exposures and biomarker levels over time. RESULTS: Overall, six-month environmental exposure change was not associated with metabolic biomarkers change. Stratified analyses by level of environmental exposures at baseline revealed that reduced NO2 and PM2.5 exposure was associated with reduced fasting glucose concentration among women living in a healthier environment at baseline (β -0.010, 95%CI -0.025, 0.005; β -0.019, 95%CI -0.034, -0.003, respectively). Women living in poor environmental conditions at baseline and exposed to greener environments had decreased C-reactive protein concentrations (β -1.001, 95%CI -1.888, -0.131). CONCLUSIONS: The impact of environmental exposure changes on metabolic biomarkers over time may be modified by baseline exposure conditions

Objective sleep and cardiometabolic biomarkers: results from the community of mine study.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Examining multiple dimensions of sleep health may better capture associations between sleep and health risks, including cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Hispanics have elevated risk for inadequate sleep and CMD biomarkers. Few studies have explored whether associations between sleep and CMD differ by Hispanic ethnicity. METHODS: Leveraging data from the Community of Mine (CoM) study, a cross-sectional investigation of 602 ethnically diverse participants, we derived accelerometer-measured sleep duration and efficiency, and self-reported sleep quality. Accelerometer-measured sleep exposures were analyzed both as continuous and categorical variables. Multivariate and quantile regression models were used to assess associations between sleep and CMD biomarkers (insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol), controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, education, smoking status, and body mass index. We examined the potential effect modification of Hispanic ethnicity. RESULTS: We observed mixed results based on CMD biomarkers and sleep exposure. Increased sleep duration was significantly related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adjusted models (estimate = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.11). Poor sleep efficiency was associated with greater insulin resistance in the adjusted quantile (estimate = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.36) model at the 90th percentile. Self-reported sleep quality was not associated with CMD outcomes. There was no evidence of effect modification by Hispanic ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, sleep health measures were found to have mixed and at times opposing effects on CMD outcomes. These effects did not demonstrate an interaction with Hispanic ethnicity

Clinical features and prognostic factors of intensive and non-intensive 1014 COVID-19 patients: an experience cohort from Alahsa, Saudi Arabia

Background: COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic and has placed significant demand for acute and critical care services on hospitals in many countries. Objectives: To determine the predictors of severe COVID-19 disease requiring admission to an ICU by comparing patients who were ICU admitted to non-ICU groups. Methods: A cohort study was conducted for the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients who were admitted to six Saudi Ministry of Health’s hospitals in Alahsa, between March 1, 2020, and July 30, 2020, by reviewing patient’s medical records retrospectively. Results: This cohort included 1014 patients with an overall mean age of 47.2 ± 19.3 years and 582 (57%) were males. A total of 205 (20%) of the hospitalized patients were admitted to the ICU. Hypertension, diabetes and obesity were the most common comorbidities in all study patients (27.2, 19.9, and 9%, respectively). The most prevalent symptoms were cough (47.7%), shortness of breath (35.7%) and fever (34.3%). Compared with non-ICU group, ICU patients had older age (p ≤ 0.0005) and comprised a higher proportion of the current smokers and had higher respiratory rates (p ≤ 0.0005), and more percentage of body temperatures in the range of 37.3–38.0 °C (p ≥ 0.0005); and had more comorbidities including diabetes (p ≤ 0.0005), hypertension (p ≥ 0.0005), obesity (p = 0.048), and sickle cell disease (p = 0.039). There were significant differences between the non-ICU and ICU groups for fever, shortness of breath, cough, fatigue, vomiting, dizziness; elevated white blood cells, neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin, and decreased hemoglobin; and proportion of abnormal bilateral chest CT images (p \u3c 0.05). Significant differences were also found for multiple treatments (p \u3c 0.05). ICU patients group had a much higher mortality rate than those with non-ICU admission (p ≤ 0.0005). Conclusion: Identifying key clinical characteristics of COVID-19 that predict ICU admission and high mortality can be useful for frontline healthcare providers in making the right clinical decision under time-sensitive and resource-constricted environment