Correlation between Reactive Aggression in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children and Maternal Self-Handicapping: The Mediating Role of Maternal Chronic Fatigue

Background: Stress and mental pressure in challenging situations, particularly those involving deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) children, can profoundly impact mothers. This research investigated the mediating role of maternal chronic fatigue (CF) in the relationship between reactive aggression in DHH children and maternal self-handicapping.Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational research design. The statistical population of this research included all mothers and their DHH elementary school children studying at special education centers in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran, during the academic year 2022–2023. The convenience sampling method was used to select a sample of 202 mothers with DHH children. Data collection involved the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Scale, Self-Handicapping Questionnaire, and Chalder Fatigue Scale. Data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling with AMOS version 24 and SPSS version 27.Results: The mean and standard deviation of DHH children’s reactive aggression, maternal self-handicapping, and chronic fatigue were 20.37±4.84, 54.55±11.16, and 21.47±6.12, respectively. The results revealed a significant correlation between selfhandicapping and CF in mothers and between CF in mothers and reactive aggression in children (P=0.001). Reactive aggression in DHH children was significantly correlated with their mothers’ self-handicapping, mediated by maternal CF (P=0.010). The analysis did not yield statistically significant evidence supporting the correlation between maternal self-handicapping tendencies and their children’s reactive aggression. Based on the results, the model’s fit indices, including NFI, CFI, TLI, RFI, and RMSEA, were 0.98, 0.99, 0.99, 0.97, and 0.022, respectively.Conclusion: Consequently, the final modified model exhibited a good fit based on the research findings. Analyzing these correlations presents an opportunity to discern the factors contributing to reactive aggression in DHH children, thereby facilitating the development of appropriate therapeutic interventions

Aquaculture potentials investigation of Yamchi Dam Down stream areas in in Ardabil Province

The research conducted for finding of aquaculture potential and appropriate areas of Yamchi dam downstream river and estimate of its production in 2010-2012. Yamchi dam is located at 25 kilometers of southwest of the Ardabil city. This research done by using of available information and data obtained from the monthly and seasonally sampling. After evaluating of Yamchi river potential and its marginal lands, suitable locations for aquaculture determinated and theirs production was calculated at each site. Totally, 3 areas selected for trout aquaculture and varius method suggested including race way, octagonal pond and semi-recircultaion. In the present condition of Yamchi river the amount of trout production is predicted at least 65 ton by race way to maximum 1750 ton by semirecircultaion method. Whiles, if 2 cubic meters of water from Yamchi dam outlet is provided to aquaculture, it will be predicted at least 580 ton by race way to maximum 4000 ton by semi-recircultaion metho

Effect of Resistance Training on Serum Meteorin-like Hormone Level and Insulin Resistance Index in Overweight Adolescent Boys

Abstract Background: Adipose tissue's phenotypic alteration due to exercise training is a new theory. However, the cellular–molecular mechanisms for these phenotypic alterations are not yet clearly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six weeks resistance training on Meteorin-like hormone level and insulin resistance index in overweight adolescent boys. Materials and Methods: Twenty overweight adolescent boys (average age 18.5±1 years old, average weight 81.1±4.5 kg, and BMI 27.7±0.7 kg/m2) participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: control (N=10) and resistance training (N=10). Subjects in training group performed six-week resistance training program 3 days/week. Anthropometrics parameters and fasting serum of Meteorin-like hormone levels, insulin and glucose were measured at the baseline and at the end of study. Results: The level of Meteorin-like hormone was significantly decreased in control group (p=0.008), but that of Meteorin-like hormone in resistance training was increased insignificantly (p=0.311). The variations of Meteorin-like hormone levels between two groups were significant (p=0.004). The changes of insulin resistance were increased in both groups which were statistically significant (p=0.032) and insignificant (p=0.632) for control and training groups respectively. We found a negative and insignificant correlation between changes in Meteorin-like hormone levels and changes in insulin resistance index (p=0.273). Conclusion: The results showed that six weeks’ resistance training has no effect on increasing Meteorin-like hormone serum level and improving insulin resistance index and body composition in overweight adolescent boys

Typology of satellite invasions from the perspective of Quran and Hadith

Media's Mission is influence on the thought of the different nations as mass Communication tool. The West as the major competitor against the honorable Islam, utilizes the media such as satellite Television as a covert weapon to deliver its desired blows to the Islamic communityand promote its colonial objectives.Thereby, it has prepared mind and opinion of others to accept their ideas and opinions and replace every nation’s indigenous culture with its own through cultiural transmutation. Of Course, The order of the West isn't the geographical position, but it means Colonial and destructive thinking and behavior tonations which itsoriginisestablishedbythe West. The main purpose ofthese measures is maintaining of nations in its dominance and its superiority and leadership on the world. The honorable religion of Islamas the last and most complete religion of God, has instructions that we can win on themachinations ofevil by doing them and observance of God's laws.Overcoming the cultural invasion of the West, is no exception too.The purpose of this article is introducing of onslaughts of Western thinking which spreads through satellite channels among the nations opposing the western thoughts and behavior. In order to explain these attacks and immunity from damage caused by it, we have resorted to two precious matters (Thaqalayn hadith), according to the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him), namely the Holy Quran and Hadith of Ahlul-Bait

Aqueous extract of Inocutis levis improves insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in high sucrose-fed Wistar rats

Introduction: Inocutis levis is a polypore fungus belonging to Hymenochaetales of basidiomycetes. The specie is mainly distributed in Asia and grows on living angiosperm trees. This study investigates the effect of aqueous extract of I. levis on insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in high sucrose fed (HSF) rats. Methods: Male rats were given 30% sucrose solution for 12 weeks. The extract of I. levis at doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg body weight was intraperitoneally administered for 2 weeks in HSF rats. Blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and histological changes of pancreas were evaluated. Results: Sucrose solution significantly increased the insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR levels, compared to the control. At the dose of 50 mg/kg the extract decreased glucose and insulin, and improved insulin resistance relative to that of HSF rats which did not take the extract. Histological studies on pancreas tissue indicated no significant difference in the size of Langerhans islets of HSF rats and HSF rats treated with the extract at dose of 50 mg/kg compared to the control group. But, treatment with the dose of 150 mg/kg of I. levis increased islets diameter and number of cells in the islets of Langerhans in HSF group. Conclusion: Inocutis levis extract may have hypoglycemic effects, by regulating insulin secretion and improving glucose tolerance, and seems to be able to ameliorate pancreatic islets in HSF rats. Our findings indicate that I. levis can be considered as a potential treatment with medicinal properties to alleviate insulin resistance and to prevent risk of type 2 diabetes in a dose dependent manner

The role of gut microbiota and IL-23/IL-17 pathway in ankylosing spondylitis immunopathogenesis: New insights and updates

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that is referred to a group of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases termed as seronegative spondyloarthropathies or spondyloarthritides. It typically affects the joints of the spinal and axial skeleton and exhibits common clinical features and genetic factors such as human leukocyte antigen class I allele HLA-B27, the Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), and environmental factors such as microbial triggers. Although the precise etiopathogenic mechanisms that implicate the pathogenesis of AS have still remained to be clarified, the IL-23/IL-17 immune axis has been detected as an important factor in the immunopathogenesis of AS. Moreover, therapeutic options targeting this signaling pathway have been demonstrated to be effective in various other inflammatory diseases that share similar genetic etiology and pathogenetic pathways. In mammalian intestinal, there are trillions of commensal microbes that create the intricate symbiotic relationship with host well-known as the microbiota and play the major role in human health and disease. Several publications have appeared in recent years documenting the pivotal role of the gut microbiota and the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritides. In this review, several points are discussed and summarized including recent advances on the role of the IL-17/IL-23 immune pathway in the pathogenesis of AS, HLA-B27, and ERAP 1 and 2 mediated pathogenesis, AS-related microbiota compositions, and new potential therapies for AS

Evaluation of ERAP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunomodulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines profile in ankylosing spondylitis.

BACKGROUND: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a prototype of chronic inflammatory arthritis termed seronegative spondyloarthropathies that typically affects the joints. Among the non-Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci, the strongest association has been observed with Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, the effect of ERAP1 gene SNPs on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AS disease has still been poorly elucidated. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of ERAP1 gene SNPs (rs30187 and rs2287987) with AS risk as well as their effect on the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with emphasis on the immunoregulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway, in an Iranian population. METHODS: We performed Single specific primer (SSP)-PCR for genotyping of 160 AS patients and 160 healthy controls. After isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), total RNA of PBMCs was isolated, complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized, and quantitative analyses of mRNA expression of cytokines were performed by Real-time PCR for 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients and 40 healthy individuals as controls. RESULTS: It was seen that T allele of rs30187 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07-2.22, P = 0.017) and C allele of rs2287987 (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.14, P = 0.024) were associated with the risk of AS. Both of these alleles were associated more strongly in the HLA-B27 positive AS patients. There was a significant overexpression of mRNAs of pro-inflammatory (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-23, TNF-α and IFN-γ), while downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) in PBMCs from 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients in comparison to controls. AS patients with rs30187 SNP TT genotype expressed mRNA of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 significantly higher than patents with CT and CC genotypes for this SNP. CONCLUSIONS: This study represented the association of ERAP1 gene rs30187 and rs2287987 polymorphism with the risk of AS. Additionally, it appears that rs30187 polymorphism may be involved in the immunomodulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway in the AS disease