3 research outputs found
Diclofenac Administration after Physical Training Blunts Adaptations of Peripheral Systems and Leads to Losses in Exercise Performance: In Vivo and In Silico Analyses
Recovery in athletes is hampered by soreness and fatigue. Consequently, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are used as an effective strategy to maintain high performance. However, impact
of these drugs on adaptations induced by training remains unknown. This study assessed the effects
of diclofenac administration (10 mg/kg/day) on rats subjected to an exhaustive test, after six weeks
of swimming training. Over the course of 10 days, three repeated swimming bouts were performed,
and diclofenac or saline were administered once a day. Trained animals exhibited higher muscle
citrate synthase and lower plasma creatinine kinase activities as compared to sedentary animals,
wherein diclofenac had no impact. Training increased time to exhaustion, however, diclofenac
blunted this effect. It also impaired the increase in plasma and liver interleukin-6 levels. The trained
group exhibited augmented catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities,
and a higher ratio of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione in the liver. However, diclofenac treatment
blunted all these effects. Systems biology analysis revealed a close relationship between diclofenac
and liver catalase. These results confirmed that regular exercise induces inflammation and oxidative
stress, which are crucial for tissue adaptations. Altogether, diclofenac treatment might be helpful in
preventing pain and inflammation, but its use severely affects performance and tissue adaptatio
Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Luehea divaricata
Huntingtonâs disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) has been found to effectively produce HD-like symptoms. Luehea divaricata (L. divaricata), popularly known in Brazil as âaçoita-cavalo,â may act as a neuroprotective agent in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the hypothesis that the aqueous extract of L. divaricata could prevent behavioral and oxidative alterations induced by 3-NP in rats. 25 adult Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control, (2) L. divaricata (1000âmg/kg), (3) 3-NP, (4) L. divaricata (500âmg/kg) + 3-NP, and (5) L. divaricata (1000âmg/kg) + 3-NP. Groups 2, 4, and 5 received L. divaricata via intragastric gavage daily for 10 days. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 received 20âmg/kg 3-NP daily from days 8â10. At day 10, parameters of locomotor activity and biochemical evaluations were performed. Indeed, rats treated with 3-NP showed decreased locomotor activity compared to controls. Additionally, 3-NP increased levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and decreased ratio of GSH/GSSG and acetylcholinesterase activity in cortex and/or striatum. Our results suggest that rats pretreated with L. divaricata prior to 3-NP treatment showed neuroprotective effects when compared to 3-NP treated controls, which may be due to its antioxidant properties