Comparison of Different Solar Thermal Energy Collectors and Their Integration Possibilities in Architecture

Solar energy is becoming an alternative for the limited fossil fuel resources. One of the simplest and most direct applications of this energy is the conversion of solar radiation into heat, which can be usedin water heating systems. A commonly used solar collector is the flat-plate. A lot of research has been conducted in order to analyze the flat-plate operation and improve its efficiency.The solar panel can be used either as a stand-alone system or as a large solar system that is connected to the electricity grids. The earth receives 84 Terawatts of power and our world consumes about 12 Terawatts of power per day. We are trying to consume more energy from the sun using solar panel. In order to maximize the conversion from solar to electrical energy, the solar panels have to be positioned perpendicular to the sun. Thus the tracking of the sun’s location and positioning of the solar panel are important.The main goal of this article is explaining all the solar thermal systems available and the integration possibilities with comparisons for better usages and integration process into design

Adaptive Thermal Comfort of an Office for Energy Consumption-Famagusta Case

The aim of this study was to determine how much thermal comfort can be obtained through heat/energy transfers between the office/external air and the transparent/opaque surfaces of an office by combining different transparent and opaque wall surface ratios with different window opening percentages using dynamic thermal simulations. It found that the optimum window-to-wall ratio (WWR) for energy conservation is 40%, with a 20% window opening ratio. The 80% and 90% thermal comfort ranges of the adaptive thermal comfort methodology are found in May, October, September, and the yearly average, while June and August are only in the range of 80% acceptability. The office constantly loses heat through air flow with any glass size on its external facade and any window opening ratio. Moreover, all sizes of opaque and transparent internal surfaces transferred heat from outside by conduction, while the opaque wall similarly always transferred energy to heat up the office air internally and outside air externally through convection. The external glass also heats the office air by convection, except in the months of January, November, and December

“There are new faces here today.” negotiations of membership in modern diasporas

Diasporas are typically seen as the result of population mobility and change. Moving beyond perceiving them as homogenous and static communities, recent socio-/applied linguistic research has focused on the dynamics of membership negotiation. The complex ways in which individuals position self and other as ‘insiders’ or/and ‘outsiders’ has been associated with claiming belonging and fitting in, in the ‘host’/’majority’ society vis a vis an imagined diaspora context. Belonging is a relatively new theoretical construct for socio- applied linguistic research. In the current environment of intense population movement, following geopolitical changes, financial pressures and climate mobility, understanding belonging has significant societal relevance. Accordingly, this thesis focuses on one particularly community, the Turkish Cypriot community in London, as a case and conduit for unpacking belonging at individual and group level; particularly in relation to material places that constitute focal points for the members. I pay special attention to diasporic associations, which are understudied in linguistic scholarship. Diasporic associations provide a locus for communities and individuals to socialise, negotiate resources and strategies for doing ‘us’ and ‘them’ and converge or diverge from norms and behaviours that are associated with membership to the community. These positions however are not linear, mutually exclusive binaries; to the contrary, they constitute resources for the individual and the group as they construct an imagined collectivity. Through the analysis of interviews, ethnographic observations, real life interactions and body maps, this thesis takes a language first approach to belonging which is seen as political, emplaced and discursively constructed. I use the concept of place-belonging to show how members negotiate fluidity and stability of their membership in community; by reference to (primarily but not exclusively) linguistic practices and behaviours that they mobilise in discourse, members of the community ‘do’ place-belonging in habitual practices and routines. I discuss in detail the significance of studying diasporic association for future research and close the thesis with offering directions for future socio-/applied-linguistic studies

An Investigation of Sustainability Issue for Building Construction in North Cyprus

The action of construction it is perceived to have a significant influence on the environmental assessment. In spite of the confession that environmental issues are significant in the construction field, and is slow to alteration the conventional way to combine environmental issue as part of the decision process. With increased information and awareness about these influence, among these sustainable building construction and material issues. In this article was began with investigate these issues in the North Cyprus, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the scale of awareness, learning and implementation of sustainability in practices between architect’s perception and how this effect on their design decisions. The methodology adopted in this research was the quantitative method approach survey research type dependent by an extensive questionnaires survey of North Cyprus architects. Collected data are analyzed, with the Excel and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The critical finding showed the gap exists among awareness and inapplicable of sustainability in construction practices, which began with the failure of realizing the advantage of a sustainable process to the construction practice in North Cyprus. The study displayed a contradiction between what architect’s demand to be satisfied with, and their obligation and practices; they appear to be incapable of translating their information and awareness into the suitable design and system support that can assist the integration of sustainability into the design. The action of construction it is perceived to have a significant influence on the environmental assessment. In spite of the confession that environmental issues are significant in the construction field, and is slow to alteration the conventional way to combine environmental issue as part of the decision process. With increased information and awareness about these influence, among these sustainable building construction and material issues. In this article was began with investigate these issues in the North Cyprus, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the scale of awareness, learning and implementation of sustainability in practices between architect’s perception and how this effect on their design decisions. The methodology adopted in this research was the quantitative method approach survey research type dependent by an extensive questionnaires survey of North Cyprus architects. Collected data are analyzed, with the Excel and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The critical finding showed the gap exists among awareness and inapplicable of sustainability in construction practices, which began with the failure of realizing the advantage of a sustainable process to the construction practice in North Cyprus. The study displayed a contradiction between what architect’s demand to be satisfied with, and their obligation and practices; they appear to be incapable of translating their information and awareness into the suitable design and system support that can assist the integration of sustainability into the design

Food Demand Projection and Consumption Patterns of Urban Households in Nigeria’s Kano State

Changes in population and income are essential components for altering the pattern of food demand. In light of the importance of food demand analysis, this study set out to ascertain urban household consumption trends in Nigeria’s Kano State in order to forecast future demand levels for certain food items. This research contributes to becoming a basis for policymakers to increase food productivity. A household’s cross-sectional survey data elicited through a well-structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule from a total of 144 households chosen via a multi-stage sampling procedure was used for the study. The collected data were analyzed using both Linear Approximate/ Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) and factor analysis models. Based on empirical evidence, households’ poor purchasing power is owed to high food inflation, which causes them to have low dietary diversity. Besides, the necessary and luxury goods, respectively, were rice, beans, spaghetti, and meat; and millet, yam, Irish potatoes, semovita, fish and groundnut. Meanwhile, maze, garri, and palm oil were established to be inferior commodities. Besides rice and semovita being everyday goods, they demand high price-sensitive commodities. Consequently, to maintain the status quo in the households’ welfare, the onus lies on policymakers to compensate consumers if there is a rise in the prices of local rice, indomie and groundnut oil. The study advises policymakers to increase the productivity of those food items projected to witness the steep-to-gentle rise in demand, and government should endeavour to adopt macro-economic policies with human-face so as to cushion/soften households’ economic hardship in the study area

Estimating Demand for Infrastructure in Energy, Transport, Telecommunications, Water, and Sanitation in Asia and the Pacific: 2010-2020

Infrastructure plays a key role in promoting and sustaining rapid economic growth. Properly designed infrastructure can also make growth more inclusive by sharing its benefits with poorer groups and communities, especially by connecting remote areas and small and landlocked countries to major business centers. Even if the Asia-Pacific region has witnessed progress in infrastructure development, the growth of infrastructure lags behind its economic growth, and also behind international standards of infrastructure quantity and quality. Inadequate infrastructure can hamper the potential economic growth of Asian countries, weaken their international competitiveness, and adversely affect their poverty reduction efforts. The circumstances and effects of the recent economic and financial crisis provide a number of reasons to further develop national and regional infrastructure in Asia. Among these reasons is that regional infrastructure enhances competitiveness and productivity, which could help in economic recovery and in sustaining growth in the medium to long-term. Regional infrastructure also helps increase standard of living and reduce poverty by connecting isolated places and people with major economic centers and markets, narrowing the development gap among Asian economies. This paper estimates the need for infrastructure investment, including energy, transport, telecommunications, water, and sanitation during 2010-2020, in order to meet growing demands for services and facilitate further rapid growth in the region. By using top-down and bottom-up approaches, this paper provides a comprehensive estimate of Asia's need for infrastructure services. The estimates show that developing countries in Asia require financing of US$776 billion per year for national (US$747 billion) and regional (US$29 billion) infrastructure during 2010-2020 to meet growing demand

The Role of Public Policy in the Enforcement of Foreign Custody Judgments: An Example of Joint Custody in Turkish Law

Societies transfer their basic values to new generations through child custody within the family. Therefore, bringing up children in healthy families is beneficial to society. Despite the importance of maintaining the sustainability of the family, which is the basic unit of society, when family sustainability is not possible, a basic duty of the courts must be to provide the best custody model for the welfare of the child after the dissolution of a marriage. Studies have shown that children have a better psychological state and can more easily overcome the trauma of divorce when the courts rule for joint custody than when the courts rule for sole custody. Joint custody, provided for in many legal systems, is not regulated in Turkish law. Thus, requests for the enforcement of foreign joint custody judgments are rejected by Turkish courts for violating public policy. Turkish courts incorrectly consider foreign law, which provides different rules, as grounds for public policy intervention. In this study, it is found that Turkish courts can rule for joint custody by depending on international conventions. Within this framework, it is not possible to reject the enforcement of foreign joint custody judgments by depending on the public policy exception

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Optimized guide polarizer for extended C-band

This article presents the design and characteristics of new wideband polarizer based on a square guide with diaphragms. Matching and polarization characteristics of the guide polarizer have been simulated and optimized. Frequency dependences of the simulated characteristics are presented. Developed optimized guide polarizer can be applied in modern satellite antennas