Data and Code for "Evaluating large language models in theory of mind tasks"

This page accompanies: Kosinski, M. (2024). Evaluating Large Language Models in Theory of Mind Tasks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS, IF: 11). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.240546012

Hepatotoxic Mechanisms of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Animal Models: A Scoping Review with Human Health Implications

This project aims to synthesize existing evidence on hepatotoxic mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastics in animal models and explore implications for human health

Eye-tracking data

Raw dat

Mapping Misunderstanding: A Scoping Review of Misunderstanding, Miscommunication, and Misinterpretation

This scoping review aims to systematically map the mechanisms and consequences of misunderstanding and related terms as miscommunication and misinterpretation, and how it is studied across disciplines

Missing Results of Discrimination: A Systematically Comparative Meta-Analysis and Re-Examinations of Racial, Gender, and Intersectional Discrimination using Correspondence Audits

Intersectionality theory argues that race and gender cannot be fully understood in isolation or through an additive approach. However, field experiments frequently examine aggregate racial or gender discrimination without accounting for within-category differences (e.g., gendered variations in racial discrimination) or intersectionality. Building on theoretical perspectives of intersectionality, we introduce a systematically comparative analytic framework designed to (a) identify missing results of correspondence audits and (b) provide recommendations to help scholars conduct more holistic analyses. We conduct a meta-analysis of 52 correspondence audits, encompassing nearly 330,000 tests for discrimination, and a re-examination of each study using seven discrimination ratios. The meta-analysis reveals a previously overlooked pattern in rental housing discrimination: compared to White men, Black men experience discrimination, Black women's outcomes are statistically similar, and White women receive preferential treatment. Additionally, our re-examination uncovers ten ways scholars may unintentionally miss key findings when failing to adopt a systematically comparative intersectional approach. We conclude with best-practice recommendations to guide scholars in designing, analyzing, and citing correspondence audits, helping them avoid these problematic scenarios. Importantly, our framework extends beyond field experiments focused on race and gender and can be broadly applied to research on disparities, enabling more comprehensive analyses across numerous dimensions

A scoping review of the applications of augmented reality in nursing

This scoping review aims to identify existing researches on the applications of AR in nursing and evaluate its effectiveness across different domains

Content Validity of Creativity Self-Report Questionnaires from PISA 2022

The present paper questions the content validity of the eight creativity-related self-report scales available in PISA 2022’s context questionnaire and provides a set of considerations for researchers interested in using these indexes. Specifically, we point out to some threats to the content validity of these scales (e.g., creative thinking self-efficacy, creativity and openness to intellect) including ambiguity in construct and content definition, construct underrepresentation or item overlaps between constructs. We then discuss content validity from a theoretical angle, outlining how important is the clarity of content domain definition and corresponding test content, to avoid possible jingle-jangle fallacies in the item sets (e.g., overlap between same/similar items attributed to different constructs) which undermine the utility of resulting scores. We also present approaches for empirically quantifying content validity. In all, this paper calls for a cautious use and interpretation of creativity self-report data in PISA 2022 as it stands. It provides guidance for further examination of the content validity of the creativity-related self-report scales in PISA 2022. Such future efforts are necessary to enhance the validity of inferences made from these self-report scales scores, to optimize their comparability across different research teams and nations, towards a more generalizable use in creativity and education research