Beneficial effects of artichoke on liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and plasma lipids in rats fed by lipogenic diet

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is full of natural antioxidants and has a lipid-lowering effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of artichoke on the liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, plasma lipid levels, plasma malondialdehyde, and plasma antioxidant in rats fed by lipogenic diet. Male rats were fed by standard pellet diet (group I), standard diet supplemented with 10 artichoke (group II), lipogenic diet (containing sunflower oil, cholesterol and ethanol) plus 10 artichoke (group III) and only lipogenic diet (group IV). On day 60 of the experiment, liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity, liver triglyceride, plasma lipids, plasma malondialdehyde, and plasma antioxidant levels were measured. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity, liver triglyceride, the ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased due to artichoke treatment in groups II and III compared to groups I and IV, respectively. Significant reduction in plasma malondialdehyde and significant elevation in plasma antioxidant power observed in groups II and III compared to groups I and IV, respectively. The results clearly indicated that artichoke can be useful for the reduction of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity and liver triglyceride. Also, artichoke has beneficial effects in the controlling of hyperlipidemia, abnormalities in lipid profiles and oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic regimes

Beneficial effects of artichoke on liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and plasma lipids in rats fed by lipogenic diet

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is full of natural antioxidants and has a lipid-lowering effect.  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of artichoke on the liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, plasma lipid levels, plasma malondialdehyde, and plasma antioxidant in rats fed by lipogenic diet. Male rats were fed by standard pellet diet (group I), standard diet supplemented with 10% artichoke (group II), lipogenic diet (containing sunflower oil, cholesterol and ethanol) plus 10% artichoke (group III) and only lipogenic diet (group IV). On day 60 of the experiment, liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity, liver triglyceride, plasma lipids, plasma malondialdehyde, and plasma antioxidant levels were measured. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity, liver triglyceride, the ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased due to artichoke treatment in groups II and III compared to groups I and IV, respectively. Significant reduction in plasma malondialdehyde and significant elevation in plasma antioxidant power observed in groups II and III compared to groups I and IV, respectively. The results clearly indicated that artichoke can be useful for the reduction of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity and liver triglyceride. Also, artichoke has beneficial effects in the controlling of hyperlipidemia, abnormalities in lipid profiles and oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic regimes.

Effect of garlic on liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and plasma lipid levels in hyperlipidemic rats

Studies on the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) on hyperlipidemia have demonstrated somewhat controversial results and there have been few studies on its enzymatic mechanism. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of garlic on the liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) activity, plasma lipid levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma antioxidant in rats fed either by normal or high-lipogenic diet with or without garlic. Male Wistar rats were fed by standard pellet diet (group I), standard diet supplemented with 4% garlic (group II), lipogenic diet (containing sunflower oil, cholesterol and ethanol) plus 4% garlic (group III) and only lipogenic diet (group IV). Results showed that garlic significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), plasma triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, VLDL-C, liver triglyceride, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevated plasma antioxidant in garlic treated rats (groups II and III) compared to group IV (lipogenic diet group). Also, liver PAP activity was decreased in group II than group I whereas, the decrease in its activity in groups III and IV was due to the accumulation of triglyceride in liver. Therefore, the results are clearly indicative of the beneficial effects of garlic in reducing lateral side effects of hyperlipidemia. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Association Of Statin Therapy On Clinical Outcomes In Covid-19 Patients: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis On All Related Evidences

Background: Statins is a class of lipid-lowering drugs and our previous investigations showed that statins have antiviral effects and have a wound healing effect in the lung. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of statin therapy on mortality and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from December 1, 2019 until January 26, 2022 without any restriction in language. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR). Results: The statin therapy overally was associated with decrease in odds of ventilation [pooled OR (95% CI): 0.85 (0.70 to 0.99)] and mortality [pooled OR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.66 to 0.81)] but had no effects on the  ICU admission [pooled OR (95% CI):  0.93 (0.77 to 1.12)], oxygen therapy [pooled OR (95% CI): 0.85 (0.70 to 0.99)], recovery [pooled OR (95% CI): 1.85 (0.35 to 9.92)], kidney failure [pooled OR (95% CI): 1.01 (0.73 to 1.40)], hospitalization [pooled OR (95% CI): 1.45 (0.88 to 2.36)], asymptomatic disease [pooled OR (95% CI): 1.33 (0.24 to 7.44)], and ARDS [pooled OR (95% CI): 1.15 (0.88 to 1.49)]. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis showed that statin therapy was associated with a reduced risk of mortality and ventilation in patients with COVID-19 but had no effects on other clinical outcomes

Route exposure and adverse effects monitoring of Aflatoxin B1 in the workers of wet waste management, the role of body redox system modulation

Exposure to dust, containing different fungi metabolites such as aflatoxins is a risk factor for developing liver and kidney health abnormalities. Occupational evaluation of the aflatoxin's exposure-induced health abnormalities should include the monitoring of bioaerosols in the workplace and personal air, and applying of appropriate blood biomarkers to assess Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) detrimental effects on a worker’s health. However, to the best of our knowledge, these appropriate methods, especially determining the associated-adverse effects on health, following exposure, haven't been well documented in the literature at the wet waste handling sites. In the current study, the AFB1 quantity in the area, personal, and settled dust in wet household waste handling samples and AFB1-Albumin levels in the serum of workers in comparison with the control group were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector (HPLC-FLD) methods. Moreover, the adverse effects of AFB1 on the liver and kidney biochemical profiles of the exposed workers and its relation to antioxidant capacity in the household wet waste sorting were recorded in a consolidated investigation. The results demonstrated that the average airborne dust concentration and its associated AFB1 content were significantly higher in wet waste management sections as compared to the control place, corresponding to the serum AFB1-Albumin levels of workers. Furthermore, AFB1-induced changes in the serum biochemicals evaluating liver and kidney function tests and antioxidant profiles of workers in wet waste handling sections were indicative of their function abnormalities. The results imply AFB1-induced adverse effects on the liver and kidney functions may be mediated through the body redox system modulation

The association of in-utero exposure to air pollution and atherogenic index of plasma in newborns

Abstract Background Prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) and traffic was associated with the programming of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in early life. However, the exact underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between in-utero exposure to PMs and traffic indicators with the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in newborns, which is a precise index reflecting an enhancement of lipid risk factors for CVDs. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled in Sabzevar, Iran. Spatiotemporal land-use regression models were used to estimate the level of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 at the mother's residential address. The total length of streets in different buffers (100,300 and 500m) and proximity to major roads were calculated as indicators of traffic. The AIP of cord blood samples was calculated using an AIP calculator. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the association of PM concentrations as well as traffic indicators with AIP controlled for relevant covariates. Results PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with higher levels of AIP in newborns. Each interquartile range (IQR) increment of PM2.5 concentration at the mothers' residential addresses was associated with a 5.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0, 10.6%, P = 0.04) increase in the AIP. Associations between PM1, PM10 and traffic indicators with cord blood level of AIP were positive but not statistically significant. Conclusion Our findings showed that in utero exposure to PM2.5 may be associated with CVDs programming through the increase of atherogenic lipids

Additional file 1 of The association of in-utero exposure to air pollution and atherogenic index of plasma in newborns

Additional file 1: Table S1. The predictor variables and performance indicators of developed land use regression (LUR) models of annual mean PMs. Table S2. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for BMI values of infants. Table S3. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for gender of infants. Table S4. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for the duration of exposure to smoke at home during pregnancy. Table S5. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for exposure to tobacco smoke in public places other than home such as coffee shops and bus stations. Table S6. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for home ownership. Table S7. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for the use of a kitchen hood during cooking. Table S8. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for the mean time spent cooking during pregnancy. Table S9. Regression coefficients of exposure to PMs as well as traffic indicators and AIP further adjusted for car ownership