Complexity Leadership: A Theorical Perspective

Complex systems are social networks composed of interactive employees interconnected through collaborative, dynamic ties such as shared goals, perspectives and needs. Complex systems are largely based on “the complex system theory”. The complex system theory focuses mainly on finding out and developing strategies and behaviours that foster continuous learning, resonating with new conditions and creativity in organizations with dynamic collaborative management mentality. Complex systems surely need leaders to manage complexity. Complexity leadership could be defined as adaptive mechanisms developed by complex organizations in new conditions required by the information age, rather than technical problems entailed by the industrial age. Complexity leadership is a joint, resultant product of the following three types of leadership: (1) administrative leadership based on strict control and a significant bureaucratic hierarchy (2) adaptive leadership fundamentally based on creative problem solving, resonating with new conditions and learning and (3) action-centered leadership that involves immediate decision-making mechanisms employed in crises and dynamic productivity. The study focuses on complexity leadership within the context of the complexity leadership theory

A Comparison of Syrian Migrant Students in Turkey and Germany: Entrepreneurial Tendencies and Career Expectations

Entrepreneurship has been an intriguing issue as an indicator of economic development and social welfare particularly being focused on last decades. Furthermore, the issue of immigration has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Nowadays, the quality of the workforce and it's training processes are not getting only progressively important but as well the participation of migrants in the labor market will be a great problem in the future. Migrant’s entrepreneurial tendencies and career expectations designation are the main objectives of this research. This research was designed as a comparative qualitative model, and the structured written interview technique was used in order to collect the data. Randomly sampling study groups were formed according to methods of maximum diversity. The sampling group was formed by the participation of 12 Syrian migrant high school students who live and get trained in Altindag, a district of Ankara, Turkey and 13 Syrian migrant high school students who live and get trained in Kreuzberg, a district of Berlin, Germany. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis technique. The results of the research reveal that immigrant students have a high level of entrepreneurship in Germany, the nonetheless low level of the expectations of future career prospects in Turkey. Thus, the absences of sociocultural and economic areas where they will use entrepreneurial tendencies are a serious obstacle to them. Moreover, participants argue that they do not want to stay in Turkey anymore, and most of them intend to emigrate to Europe or another country if they can do so. Unlike Germany, many of the participants in Turkey neither know what they want to be nor how they want to live in the future and nor have they made any career planning

Adsorption Of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution with Sulfuric Acid Activated Corn Cobs: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Assessment

Three adsorbents with different characteristics were produced in this study by activation of sulfuric acid with different concentrations, from corn Zea mays L. cobs, which is an agricultural waste by-product resulting from harvesting. After characterization by the parameters such as Boehm titration, determination of pH-pHpzc, and methylene blue – iodine number, and IR analysis, their methylene blue adsorption potentials from aqueous medium were investigated based on equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics evaluations. This study aims to examine the effects of relatively dilute and concentrated acids on the activation process and to gain an economic value to waste materials through the production of a new adsorbent. It was observed that the initial solution pH did not have a significant effect on the adsorption efficiency. The adsorption process reached the equilibrium at the end of the first 120 minutes, and the kinetic data fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Langmuir adsorption capacity 295.5 mg/g of the adsorbent produced by activating with 50% sulfuric acid was found higher than those produced with 75% and 98% acids. An increase in ambient temperature effected the adsorption positively. As a result, in this study, very low-cost adsorbents were produced from the waste by-product corn cobs, and a new approach was proposed for cleaning wastewater containing dyestuffs

Latino adolescent-father discrepancies in reporting activity parenting practices and associations with adolescents’ physical activity and screen time

Latino fathers may play important roles in adolescents’ physical activity and screen time. However, informant discrepancies regarding paternal activity parenting practices may challenge studies supporting evidence-based applications. This study examined Latino adolescent-father discrepancies in reporting paternal activity parenting practices, types of discrepancies by participant characteristics, and associations between discrepancy types and adolescents’ physical activity and screen time.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8199-

Differences in reporting food insecurity and factors associated with differences among Latino fathers and mothers

Food security status has been assessed as a representative score for households; however, different members in the same household may perceive and report food insecurity differently. A high prevalence of food insecurity has been reported among Latino households, therefore understanding differences in reporting food insecurity by Latino father-mother dyads may improve accuracy of assessment and plans to address food insecurity. This study aimed to 1) determine demographic characteristics and/or food-related factors associated with perceptions of food security status among Latino father-mother dyads, and 2) identify factors associated with discordance in perceptions of food insecurity between dyads. Baseline data were used from a community-based, youth obesity prevention program among Latino families (n = 106 father-mother dyads). Food security was assessed with a 2-item food insecurity screen. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between reporting food security status and predictor variables for fathers, mothers, and dyad-discordant responses. Food insecurity was reported by 39% of fathers and 55% of mothers. Adjusted odds of reporting food insecurity were significantly higher for fathers perceiving their neighborhood was unsafe vs. safe (OR: 3.7, p < 0.05) and reporting lower vs. higher household income (OR: 3.2, p < 0.05). Adjusted odds of reporting food insecurity were significantly higher for mothers perceiving their neighborhood was unsafe vs. safe (OR: 4.1, p < 0.01) and reporting lower vs. higher home availability of fruit and vegetable (OR: 5.5, p < 0.01). Dyad discordance in reporting food security status occurred in 24% of the dyads. Adjusted odds of dyad discordant reports of food insecurity status were significantly higher for dyads reporting discordant responses regarding previous nutrition education (OR: 3.4, p < 0.05) and higher home fruit and vegetable accessibility (OR: 3.1, p < 0.05) compared to dyads reporting concordant responses. Among the 28 dyads who reported discordant nutrition education participation, 21 reported that fathers had never participated but mothers had participated more than once. Differential factors were associated with reporting food security among Latino father-mother dyads. Nutrition education for fathers that improves awareness of home food supplies and a better understanding of how food accessibility influences maternal perceptions may improve dyad discordance in reporting household food security.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10971-

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Relations between Prejudice, Cultural Intelligence and Level of Entrepreneurship: A Study of School Principals

The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of prejudice in the relationship between the cultural intelligence of school principals and the level of entrepreneurship. The design of this study was classified as correlational survey research. This study was designed by quantitative research method. The universe of this study constitutes 642 School Principals. In this study, the entire universe was reached and a "complete counting" technique was used. Relations between the variables of this study were examined by correlation and hierarchical regression analysis. Findings have shown that cultural intelligence is positively related to prejudice and entrepreneurship. As a result of the hierarchical regression analysis, the prejudice has been completely mediated-agent between the cultural intelligence and the level of entrepreneurship. The positive relationship between cultural intelligence and prejudice has been identified for the first time and this finding contributes exceptional data for literature. This research is also particularly important in that it is the first study to examine the relationship between the level of entrepreneurship, the prejudice, and the cultural intelligence. The findings are helpful to the educational and organizational literature, but in practice, they will provide strategic alternatives for school principals to engage in entrepreneurial activities

The Relations among Job Satisfaction, Job Stress, Burnout and Turnover Intentions of Employees of Religious Affairs : A Multi-case Study

WOS: 000454326400005This research was conducted in order to determine job stress, job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intention of employees of religious affairs. In addition, within the scope of the research, the interrelationships between related concepts, demographic variables that these employees belong to, and their level of relationship within the concepts are also examined The research was conducted on 1125 employees of religious affairs from Turkey's seven geographical regions, especially from the metropolitan centers (Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Mersin, Gaziantep, Samsun and Erzurum). In order to collect the data, four different scale forms were used and the analysis was interpreted through a statistical analysis program. According to the results of the research, these employees have a low level of job satisfaction while experiencing moderate burnout. The employees of religious affairs, on the other hand, have a high level of job stress and moderate turnover intentions. While there are different researches in the literature that try to determine the burnout and job satisfaction of employees of religious affairs, this research is important because it is a pioneering study aiming to measure the work stress, which is known as the source of job satisfaction and burnout, and the turnover intention, which is the most important result of job stress

THE PROBLEMS IN IMAM-HATIP HIGH SCHOOLS ACCORDING TO SCHOOL MANAGERS

WOS: 000504861600012Imam-hatip high schools, which are opened for educating the qualified religious officials required by the society, are the institutions where religious education, which is a privileged area within the general education system, is offered at the level of secondary education. As in all schools in the general education system, different types of problems are encountered in imam-hatip high schools that have a religion based education concept. The task of the school managers is to find permanent and acceptable solutions to the problems in school. School managers who apply a wide variety of methods for this purpose can bring unique solutions to problems. The problems faced by the managers of Imam Hatip High School covered by the major responsibilities of any school manager. Imam-hatip high school managers are mostly responsible for (1) religious education curricula, (2) students, (3) teachers and other staff, (4) financial resources, and (5) other services provided by the school. While this broad area of responsibility seems to be somewhat unfavorable, the desire to hold power inherent in the management task, or to serve religious education as part of the case, is more dominant in school managers to choose school management than to teach

Restoran işletmecilerinin hayalet mutfak girişimine yönelik bakış açılarının belirlenmesi: gaziantep ilinde nitel bir uygulama

Bu çalışma yeni bir fenomen olarak yükselişini sürdüren hayalet mutfak girişimini restoran işletmesi sahipleri ve yöneticilerinin bakış açısıyla değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda 2015 yılında UNESCO tarafından yaratıcı şehirler ağına dâhil edilen Gaziantep ili araştırmanın evreni olarak belirlenmiştir. Destinasyonda faaliyet gösteren turizm işletme belgeli 23 restoran işletmesinden çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 18’i araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. İşletme sahibi ve yöneticileri ile 6 açık uçlu soru üzerinden derinlemesine mülakatlar yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, hayalet mutfağın fiziki alandan bağımsız olmasının otantiklik ve üretici-tüketici iletişimi açısından önemli zayıflıklar içerdiğini göstermiştir. Bir diğer zayıflık ise tüm sürece ilişkin kalite algısının zamanında ve eksiksiz teslimat üzerinde şekillenmesidir. Tüketiciye ulaşım, reklam, kurumsallaşma motivasyonu ve fiziki yatırım maliyeti avantajı ise sistemin güçlü yanları olarak değerlendirilmiştir