An outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) in a secondary care hospital in Finland, May 2021

An outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) spread from one inpatient in a secondary care hospital to three primary care facilities, resulting in 58 infections including 18 deaths in patients and 45 infections in healthcare workers (HCW). Only one of the deceased cases was fully vaccinated. Transmission occurred despite the use of personal protective equipment by the HCW, as advised in national guidelines, and a high two-dose COVID-19 vaccination coverage among permanent staff members in the COVID-19 cohort ward.Peer reviewe

Oat products digestibility studies and their nutritional information

Carbohydrate containing foods can alter blood glucose and insulin levels in markedly different ways depending on the foods fiber content, particle size and method of preparation. Digestibility can be studied using in vitro or in vivo methods, such as hydrolysis (HI) or glycemic index (GI) measurements (Granfeldt et al. 1992, Jenkins et al. 1981). Recent studies have shown that foods, which have low GI values and maintain normal blood glucose and insulin levels may have metabolic benefits in relation to diabetes and to the reduction of coronary heart disease risk (Jenkins et al. 2002). Glycemic index and digestibility of oat products has been studied mainly on products which have high â-glucan content. These results show beneficial effects of viscous â-glucan on reduction of glucose absoption. Oat products such as oat porridge or oat pasta have not been widely studied. In this study we examined effects of oat pasta and two different oat porridges on glucose absorption using HI and GI methods. Results showed that oat pasta, consisting of oat and wheat flours and oat fibers has low GI value and it is digested slowly. Addition of oat fibers, soluble and insoluble, did not lower GI value. Cooked oat porridge gives medium GI values and the glucose curve maintains in moderate levels long time after porridge has been eaten. Results showed, that digestibility of oat pasta is mostly affected by its structure and digestibility of oat porrigde is affected by its processing or cooking method, fiber and â-glucan content. Granfeldt Y et al. 1992. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 46:649-60; Jenkins DJ et al. 1981. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34:362-366; Jenkins DJ et al. 2002. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 76:266S-273S.vokMyynti MTT tietopalvelu

Analysis of naltrexone and its metabolite 6-beta-naltrexol in serum with high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract Background Naltrexone has been proven to be an effective treatment option for the treatment of alcohol dependency. In this article we introduce a reliable and simple method developed for the simultaneous determination of naltrexone and 6-β-naltrexol in human serum by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Findings Liquid-liquid extraction with butyl acetate from basic solutions (pH 9) was chosen for extraction with nalorphine as an internal standard (IS). Analytes were back-extracted from organic solvent into perchloric acid. The acid extract was chromatographed by HPLC with a reverse-phase ODS-column and electrochemical detector. The mobile phase was a NaH2PO4-solution with acetonitrile as an organic modifier and octanesulphonic acid and tetraethylammonium hydrogen sulphate as ion-pair reagents. The recovery of the extraction method was 48% for naltrexone and 75% for 6-β-naltrexol. The limit of quantification was 5.0 ng/ml for naltrexone and 1.0 ng/ml for 6-β-naltrexol. The analysed concentrations of naltrexone differed from the theoretic concentrations by 0.7 to 2.3% and those of 6-β-naltrexol by 2.6%. The relative standard deviation of within-day assay was from 0.9 to 5.7% for naltrexone and from 0.8 to 4.2% for 6-β-naltrexol; for the between-day assay it was 5.7% and 4.2%, respectively. Conclusions Our results indicate that the developed method is suitable for determination of naltrexone and 6-β-naltrexol in human serum.</p