Phase retrieval with polarization

In many areas of imaging science, it is difficult to measure the phase of linear measurements. As such, one often wishes to reconstruct a signal from intensity measurements, that is, perform phase retrieval. In this paper, we provide a novel measurement design which is inspired by interferometry and exploits certain properties of expander graphs. We also give an efficient phase retrieval procedure, and use recent results in spectral graph theory to produce a stable performance guarantee which rivals the guarantee for PhaseLift in [Candes et al. 2011]. We use numerical simulations to illustrate the performance of our phase retrieval procedure, and we compare reconstruction error and runtime with a common alternating-projections-type procedure

Prediction of physical-chemical and fire hazard characteristics by carbon chain rules. 2. Carboxylic acids

Investigation of the dependence of physico-chemical and fire hazard properties from the chemical structure of carboxylic acids is carried out. Forecasting of the boiling temperature, the flash point, the temperature and the concentration flammability limits, the heats of combustion and vaporization is performed by the carbon chain rules (CCR). The following empirical equations for the calculation of physico-chemical and fire hazard indices from the conventional carbon chain and from the number of carbon atoms are proposed for the convenience of practical application of the CCR. A comparative analysis of the proposed methods for the flash point calculating and the already known methods of GOST 12.1.044-89, Mendeleev and ACD/Lab 2014 is carried out. It is shown, basically, that the new methods give more accurate calculation results than the comparison design procedures. © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserve

Analysis of the thermomechanical inconsistency of some extended hydrodynamic models at high Knudsen number

There are some hydrodynamic equations that, while their parent kinetic equation satisfies fundamental mechanical properties, appear themselves to violate mechanical or thermodynamic properties. This article aims to shed some light on the source of this problem. Starting with diffusive volume hydrodynamic models, the microscopic temporal and spatial scales are first separated at the kinetic level from the macroscopic scales at the hydrodynamic level. Then we consider Klimontovich’s spatial stochastic version of the Boltzmann kinetic equation, and show that, for small local Knudsen numbers, the stochastic term vanishes and the kinetic equation becomes the Boltzmann equation. The collision integral dominates in the small local Knudsen number regime, which is associated with the exact traditional continuum limit. We find a sub-domain of the continuum range which the conventional Knudsen number classification does not account for appropriately. In this sub-domain, it is possible to obtain a fully mechanically-consistent volume (or mass) diffusion model that satisfies the second law of thermodynamics on the grounds of extended non-local-equilibrium thermodynamics

The Production of a Forensic Examination and the Procedural Status of Knowledgeable Persons in Criminal Proceedings in Russia and Latvia

The article provides a comparative analysis of legal acts regulating the organization of forensic activities, as well as the legal status of knowledgeable persons in criminal proceedings in Russia and Latvia. Comparative legal analysis of normative acts consists in comparing the prescriptions of legal norms, legislative terms and definitions, allowing one to see the general and special, typical and unique in the regulation of forensic activities, as well as the rights and obligations, the volume and nature of the procedural functions of knowledgeable persons in criminal proceedings Russia and Latvia. The study is carried out on the basis of a comprehensive comparative legal analysis of the latest editions of criminal procedure laws (codes), laws in the field of organizing forensic activities in Russia and Latvia, by-laws, as well as other primary sources, including foreign ones, in the original language. Knowledgeable persons, i.e. persons applying special knowledge in criminal proceedings in Russia, are experts and specialists, in Latvia – experts, auditors and specialists. The legal status of knowledgeable persons in criminal proceedings in Russia and Latvia is largely comparable, but not identical. And, despite the transformation of the criminal procedural legislation of Latvia, in accordance with international legal norms and standards of the European Union, the provision of Soviet law on the use by knowledgeable persons of special knowledge in legal proceedings was preserved in the Latvian criminal process. The Code of Criminal Procedure of Russia classifies an expert and a specialist as other participants in criminal proceedings, that is, persons performing the function of promoting justice. Whereas the Latvian Criminal Procedure Law refers an expert and an auditor to persons having powers in criminal proceedings, a specialist – to other persons involved in criminal proceedings. And, if the expert and the auditor in the Criminal Procedure Law of Latvia are considered as independent participants in the criminal process, then the role of a specialist in legal proceedings is reduced to the level of “auxiliary personnel”. An expert and an auditor, according to the requirements of the Criminal Procedure Law of Latvia, are involved in criminal proceedings to give an opinion and fulfill the obligation to provide evidence, that is, as “means of ensuring judicial evidence”. Specialist – to assist officials performing procedural actions in fixing the progress and results of their conduct, using technical means to identify circumstances relevant to the case, but without conducting practical research in search of traces of a criminal act. The results of the comparative legal analysis of the normative acts regulating the rights, obligations, scope and nature of the procedural functions of knowledgeable persons in the criminal proceedings of Russia and Latvia allow us to expand our understanding of the application of special knowledge in the criminal proceedings of foreign states, as well as to critically assess the national criminal procedure legislation for the purpose of its further improvement and optimization. Based on the results of the study of the normative acts of Russia and Latvia, certain problematic aspects of the legal regulation of the procedural status of knowledgeable persons in the Russian criminal procedure legislation is noted, and generalizing conclusions are made

Magnetopause mapping to the ionosphere for northward IMF

International audienceWe study the topological structure of the magnetosphere for northward IMF. Using a magnetospheric magnetic field model we study the high-latitude response to prolonged periods of northward IMF. For forced solar wind conditions we investigate the location of the polar cap region, the polar cap potential drop, and the field-aligned acceleration potentials, depending on the solar wind pressure and IMF By and Bx changes. The open field line bundles, which connect the Earth's polar ionosphere with interplanetary space, are calculated. The locations of the magnetospheric plasma domains relative to the polar ionosphere are studied. The specific features of the open field line regions arising when IMF is northward are demonstrated. The coefficients of attenuation of the solar wind magnetic and electric fields which penetrate into the magnetosphere are determined

IMF dependence of Saturn's auroras: modelling study of HST and Cassini data from 12–15 February 2008

To gain better understanding of auroral processes in Saturn's magnetosphere, we compare ultraviolet (UV) auroral images obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) with the position of the open-closed field line boundary in the ionosphere calculated using a magnetic field model that employs Cassini measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) as input. Following earlier related studies of pre-orbit insertion data from January 2004 when Cassini was located ~ 1300 Saturn radii away from the planet, here we investigate the interval 12–15 February 2008, when UV images of Saturn's southern dayside aurora were obtained by the HST while the Cassini spacecraft measured the IMF in the solar wind just upstream of the dayside bow shock. This configuration thus provides an opportunity, unique to date, to determine the IMF impinging on Saturn's magnetosphere during imaging observations, without the need to take account of extended and uncertain interplanetary propagation delays. The paraboloid model of Saturn's magnetosphere is then employed to calculate the magnetospheric magnetic field structure and ionospheric open-closed field line boundary for averaged IMF vectors that correspond, with appropriate response delays, to four HST images. We show that the IMF-dependent open field region calculated from the model agrees reasonably well with the area lying poleward of the UV emissions, thus supporting the view that the poleward boundary of Saturn's auroral oval in the dayside ionosphere lies adjacent to the open-closed field line boundary

A Rotating Collapsar and Possible Interpretation of the LSD Neutrino Signal from SN 1987A

We consider an improved rotational mechanism of the explosion of a collapsing supernova. We show that this mechanism leads to two-stage collapse with a phase difference of \sim 5 h. Based on this model, we attempt a new interpretation of the events in underground neutrino detectors on February 23, 1987, related to the supernova SN 1987A.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 9 table