Chronic heart diseases as the most prevalent comorbidities among deaths by COVID-19 in Brazil

Age, sex and presence of comorbidities are risk factors associated with COVID-19. Hypertension, diabetes and heart disease are the most common comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of patients with comorbidities who died of COVID-19 in Brazil. Searches of data were carried out on the official pages of the 26 State health departments and the federal district. The random-effect method was used to calculate the prevalence of patients with comorbidities who died. From the beginning of the pandemic in Brazil until May 20, 2020, 276,703 cases of COVID-19 were notified in Brazil, 6.4% died, 58.6% of whom were male. The prevalence of comorbidities among deaths was 83% (95% CI: 79 - 87), with heart disease and diabetes being the most prevalent. To our knowledge, this study represents the first large analysis of cases of patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Brazil. There is a high prevalence of comorbidities (83%) among patients who died from COVID-19 in Brazil, with heart disease being the most prevalent. This is important considering the possible secondary effects produced by drugs such as hydroxychloroquine

Indicadores proteicos, enzimáticos e minerais da toxemia da prenhez clínica e subclínica durante o período de transição de cabras leiteiras

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência das formas clínica e subclínica da toxemia da prenhez (TP) na dinâmica dos metabólitos sanguíneos, compondo os perfis proteico, enzimático e mineral das cabras leiteiras durante o período de transição. Foram utilizadas 111 cabras multíparas que eram criadas em sistema intensivo. Grupos experimentais (n=3) foram criados utilizando diferentes concentrações séricas de βHB como ponto de corte, o G1 grupo controle (n=40), G2 grupo subclínico da TP (n=39) estabelecido quando pelo menos um dos momentos experimentais apresentou valores de βHB entre 0,8 mmol/L e 1,6 mmol/L; e o grupo G3, com manifestação clínica da TP (n=32), que em qualquer um dos momentos os valores de βHB foram superiores a 1,6 mmol/L. Os animais foram avaliados aos 30º, 20º e 10º dias antes do parto (dap), no parto e no 10º, 20º e 30º dia pós-parto (dpp). Proteínas totais (PT), albumina, globulina, ureia, creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gama glutamiltransferase (GGT), creatina quinase (CK), amilase, fósforo, cloreto e cálcio, sódio e potássio foram mensurados. A análise de variância (Teste F) foi realizada com o objetivo de investigar os efeitos e interações entre os tempos dos grupos. A doença clínica e/ou subclínica resultou num aumento das concentrações de fósforo e potássio (P0,05). A ocorrência da forma subclínica foi maior que a clínica durante o período de transição. As variáveis que compõem o perfil mineral foram as que apresentaram alterações decorrentes da TP, destacando-se, o cálcio ionizado. Chama-se a atenção o impacto que a doença reflete nesses componentes e na saúde do animal. Palavras-chave: caprinos; cetose; final da gestação; lactação; metabólitos sanguíneos

ENURESE NOTURNA EM CRIANÇAS: AVALIAÇÃO CLÍNICA E INTERVENÇÕES

Nocturnal enuresis in children is defined as the involuntary loss of urine during sleep, it is a challenge that affects several individuals. This phenomenon can have several causes, including genetic aspects, hormonal issues and urinary tract anomalies, in addition to underlying emotional causes. Objective: Understand what nocturnal enuresis is and how interventions and clinical assessment occur. Conclusion: Comprehensive clinical evaluation is essential to identify the underlying causes, involving tests such as urinalysis, ultrasound and voiding cystourethrography. Intervention strategies range from lifestyle modifications to the use of medications, with a multidisciplinary approach that recognizes the importance of emotional support for the child and effective collaboration between health professionals and parents. This holistic approach aims to not only treat the symptoms, but to understand and address the underlying causes of bedwetting in children.A enurese noturna em crianças é conceituada pela perda de urina involuntária durante o sono, é um desafio que afeta vários indivíduos. Esse fenômeno pode ter diversas causas de origem, incluindo aspectos genéticos, questões hormonais e anomalias no trato urinário, além de causas emocionais subjacentes. Objetivo: Entender o que é a enurese noturna e como ocorrem as intervenções e avaliação clínica. Conclusão: A avaliação clínica abrangente é essencial para identificar as causas subjacentes, envolvendo exames como análises de urina, ultrassonografia e cistouretrografia miccional. As estratégias de intervenção abrangem desde modificações no estilo de vida até o uso de medicamentos, com uma abordagem multidisciplinar que reconhece a importância do suporte emocional para a criança e a colaboração efetiva entre profissionais de saúde e pais. Essa abordagem holística visa não apenas tratar os sintomas, mas compreender e lidar com as causas subjacentes da enurese noturna em crianças

Lidocaína como Adjuvante na Anestesia Peridural para Cesariana: Avaliação de eficácia e resultados

Objective: This study aims to analyze the efficacy, safety, and applicability of lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections, considering different protocols and their impacts on clinical parameters.  Introduction: Lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections plays a crucial role in obstetric pain management. This review encompasses its efficacy, safety, and impacts on various clinical aspects, aiming to enhance contemporary anesthetic practices. Methodology: The methodology involved a systematic integrative review of clinical studies investigating the use of lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections. The comprehensive analysis considered different administration protocols, dosages, and concentrations, evaluating efficacy, safety, and impacts on diverse clinical parameters. Results: The results consistently revealed the efficacy of lidocaine in epidural analgesia for cesarean sections, with positive impacts on pain relief. A relative safety was also observed, emphasizing the importance of individualizing administration protocols. Conclusion: In summary, lidocaine as an adjuvant in epidural anesthesia for cesarean sections demonstrates remarkable efficacy in pain relief while maintaining a safety profile when administered prudently. Its applicability and versatility reinforce its relevant role in optimizing obstetric anesthetic practices.Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade da lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas, considerando diferentes protocolos e seus impactos em parâmetros clínicos. Introdução: A lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas desempenha um papel crucial na gestão da dor obstétrica. Esta revisão abrange sua eficácia, segurança e impactos em diferentes aspectos clínicos, visando aprimorar as práticas anestésicas contemporâneas. Metodologia: A metodologia envolveu a revisão integrativa sistemática de estudos clínicos que investigaram o uso da lidocaína como adjuvante em anestesia peridural para cesarianas. A análise abrangente considerou diferentes protocolos de administração, dosagens e concentrações, avaliando a eficácia, segurança e impactos em parâmetros clínicos diversos. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram consistentemente a eficácia da lidocaína na analgesia peridural para cesarianas, com impactos positivos no alívio da dor. Observou-se também uma relativa segurança, destacando a importância da individualização dos protocolos de administração. Conclusão: Em síntese, a lidocaína como adjuvante na anestesia peridural para cesarianas demonstra eficácia notável no alívio da dor, mantendo um perfil de segurança quando administrada com prudência. Sua aplicabilidade e versatilidade reforçam seu papel relevante na otimização das práticas anestésicas obstétricas

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Prevalência de síndrome metabólica em mulheres de 40 a 59 anos utilizando 2 critérios internacionais.

Avaliar prevalência da síndrome metabólica (SM) em mulheres comparando critérios internacionais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo transversalenvolvendo 93 mulheres, com idade entre 40 a 59 anos, acompanhadas em Unidades Básicas e Programas de Saúde da Família de Divinópolis-MG. Foram realizadas avaliações clínicas, antropométricas e bioquímicas. Para o diagnóstico de SM foram empregados critérios internacionais: AdultTreatmentPanel III oftheNationalCholesterolEducationProgram (NCEP/ATP III) e International Diabetes Federation (IDF), que utilizam a presença de três ou mais dos seguintes parâmetros alterados: circunferência da cintura (CC), triglicerídeos (TG), HDL, pressão arterial e glicemia. Resultados: 54 mulheres entre 40 a 49 anos (58,7%) e 39 entre 50 a 59 anos (41,3%). Parâmetro individual mais alterado foi CC para ambos os critérios. De acordo com NCEP/ATP III, 40,8% das participantes foram diagnosticadas com SM e 53,7% pelo IDF. Faixa etária de 50-59 apresentou maior prevalência de SM paraambos critérios. Demonstrou-se aumento de risco para SM com tabagismo, diabetes e hipertensão em ambos os critérios. Boa concordância entre os critérios da NCEP ATP III e IDF (k=0,74). Conclusão: IDF foi o critério com maior prevalência para SM e a faixa etária de 50-59 foi a mais críticaTo evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in women compared to international criteria. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study involving 93 women, aged 40 to 59 years, accompanied in Basic Units and Family Health Programs inDivinópolis-MG. Clinical, anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed. Two International criteria were employedfor the diagnosis of MS: Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP/ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF), which use the presence of three or more of the following altered parameters: waist circumference (WC), triglycerides (TG), HDL, blood pressure and blood glucose. Results: 54 women aged 40-49 years (58.7%) and 39 aged 50-59 (41.3%). The most altered individual parameter was the WC for both criteria. According to NCEP/ATP III, 40.8% of participants were diagnosed with MS and 53.7% by IDF. The age group 50-59 showed a higher prevalence of MS for both criteria. Increased risk for MS was demonstrated with smoking, diabetes and hypertension in both criteria. There was agreement between the criteria of NCEP/ATP III and IDF (k = 0.74). Conclusion: IDF criteria was most prevalent for SM and the age group of 50-59 was the most critical. Descriptors: Women`s health; Diabetes; Cholesterol; Obesity; Hypertension

Prevalência de síndrome metabólica em mulheres acima de 40 anos de Divinópolis-MG

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalncia da sndrome metablica (SM) em mulheres com mais de 40 anos, comparando dois critrios internacionais. Mtodos: Estudo descritivo transversal, de base populacional, envolvendo 93 mulheres, com idade entre 40 a 59 anos, acompanhadas em Unidades Bsicas e Programas de Sade da Famlia de Divinpolis-MG. Foram realizadas avaliaes clnicas, antropomtricas e bioqumicas. Para o diagnstico de SM foram empregados dois critrios internacionais: Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP/ATP III) e International Diabetes Federation (IDF), que utilizam a presena de trs ou mais dos seguintes critrios alterados: circunferncia da cintura (CC), triglicerdeos (TG), HDL, presso arterial e glicemia. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 93 pacientes, 54 mulheres entre 40 a 49 anos (58,7%) e 39 entre 50 a 59 anos (41,3%). O parmetro individual mais alterado foi CC para ambos os critrios. De acordo com NCEP/ATP III, 40,8% das participantes foram diagnosticadas com SM e 53.7% pelo IDF. Faixa etria de 50-59 apresentou maior prevalncia de SM por ambos critrios. Demonstrou-se aumento de risco para SM com tabagismo, diabetes e hipertenso em ambos os critrios. Boa concordncia entre os critrios da NCEP ATP III e IDF (k=0,74). Concluso: IDF foi o critrio com maior prevalncia para SM, mas com boa concordncia com o NCEP/ATPIII. Faixa etria de 50-59 apresentou maior prevalncia de SM por ambos critrios quando comparados com faixa de 40-49 anos

Estimation of physical and mechanical properties of high-strength concrete with polypropylene fibers in high-temperature condition

High-strength concretes (HSC) have been widely applied in civil construction. However, this material does not perform well in fire situations due to spalling, a phenomenon that can be significantly mitigated by adding synthetic fibers to HSC cementitious matrix. Estimating HSC physical and mechanical properties for different compositions and temperatures can therefore be useful, as the structure may be pre-designed without requiring prior material characterization in a fire situation. With this perspective, this paper aimed to propose regression models to estimate eight properties of High-Strength Concrete with Polypropylene Fibers (HSC-PPF), namely compressive strength, tensile strength, static modulus of elasticity, dynamic modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, electrical resistivity, water absorption, and weight loss, at high temperatures (up to 800 °C). For this, it was evaluated the effective correlation between mechanical responses and independent variables, such as temperature, water absorption, and dynamic modulus, and the accuracy of regression models was assessed. The results obtained indicated that, among the models proposed, the two multiple regressions were better than the simple one for estimating HSC-PPF properties since they presented high adjustments (R2) and low mean absolute percentage (MAPE), and coefficient of variation (CV) errors. This methodology can be used in a wide variety of fiber-reinforced HSCs

The Role of Veracity on the Load Monitoring of Professional Soccer Players: A Systematic Review in the Face of the Big Data Era

[EN] Big Data has real value when the veracity of the collected data has been previously identified. However, data veracity for load monitoring in professional soccer players has not been analyzed yet. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current evidence from the scientific literature related to data veracity for load monitoring in professional soccer. Systematic searches through the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted for reports onthe data veracity of diverse load monitoring tools and the associated parameters used in professional soccer. Ninety-four studies were finally included in the review, with 39 different tools used and 578 associated parameters identified. The pooled sample consisted of 2066 footballers (95% male: 24 ± 3 years and 5% female: 24 ± 1 years). Seventy-three percent of these studies did not report veracity metrics for anyof the parameters from these tools. Thus, data veracity was found for 54% of tools and 23% of parameters. The current information will assist in the selection of the most appropriate tools and parameters to be used for load monitoring with traditional and Big Data approaches while identifying those still requiring the analysis of their veracity metrics or their improvement to acceptable veracity levels.We would like to thank the “Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior/ Programa de ExcelênciaAcadêmica” (CAPES/PROEX)