Why Ecolinguistics?

Neste artigo eu tento mostrar que a emergência da ecolinguística como um novo ramo de pesquisa não é apenas um modismo devido a um desejo de demarcar novo território para a investigação da língua (como no caso de socio-, antropo-, psicolinguística e outras disciplinas linguísticas), mas uma etapa evolucionária no desenvolvimento das ciências da linguagem motivada pela constatação de que a língua não é um instrumento que está aí nem um órgão mental no cérebro, mas um fator ecológico essencial que nos define como uma espécie biológica, homo sapiens, na filogenia e na ontogenia

A New Cognitive Framework for Russian Aspect

The validity of the traditional approach to the semantics of verbal aspect in Russian based on the features “boundedness” and “totality” is questioned. It is argued that these features are not in-herent in the meaning of all perfective verbs and cannot be regarded as the semantic invariant of aspectuality. A different approach is suggested, based on the analysis of morphological and syn-tactic evidence and on the assumption that the cognitive function of grammar is to categorize relevant human experience. It is shown that aspectual oppositions reflect the different cognitive statuses of the events expressed by paired verb lexemes: observed events are categorized in the form of aspectually marked verbs, whereas aspectually unmarked verbs categorize events without reference to observation. The grammatical meaning of aspect is defined as indication to the source of information about the event which can be definite (based on observation), or indefinite (based on speaker’s knowledge), and has little to do with “boundedness” or “totality”. The sug-gested analysis is consistent with the central claim of autopoiesis as the theory of the living: "Eve-rything said is said by an observer to another observer"

Research of dynamics of tire wear of trucks and prognostication of their service life

The dependences of tire wear on the tire life are determined on the basis of the system measurements of residual tread depth in the actual operating conditions; the factors which influence the critical tire wear are analyzed. The prediction technique of the operation life and the tire changing is devised

Test of scaling theory in two dimensions in the presence of valley splitting and intervalley scattering in Si-MOSFETs

We show that once the effects of valley splitting and intervalley scattering are incorporated, renormalization group theory consistently describes the metallic phase in silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors down to the lowest accessible temperatures

Recent developments in the field of the metal-insulator transition in two dimensions

We review the latest developments in the field of the metal-insulator transition in strongly-correlated two-dimensional electron systems. Particular attention is given to recent discoveries of a sliding quantum electron solid and interaction-induced spectrum flattening at the Fermi level in high-quality silicon-based structures.Comment: As publishe

Method for Diagnostics of Carp Fish Diplostomosis During Veterinary and Sanitary Examination

Diplostomosis is an invasive disease of carp fish that can cause significant damage to the fish farm. It is widely distributed in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Belarus. Sexually mature individuals parasitize the intestines of fish-eating birds of the genus Laridae. The intermediate host is freshwater fish and mollusks of the genus Lymnaea. The disease cycle is represented by several migrations of the parasite from the reservoir to the intermediate hosts, followed by ingestion. Fry and fish with a low immune status are most susceptible to this disease. When introduced into the body, trematodes can inoculate fish with various pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora inherent in the habitat, which can complicate the production of high-quality products that are safe for both humans and animals. Therefore, the implementation of our patented “Method for assessing the quality of meat of fish infected with diplostomosis” during the veterinary and sanitary examination is important. The invention involves diagnostic measures, namely, to determine the quality of fish meat, which were carried out in this study. The method consisted of a step-by-step study of the pathogen obtained by destroying the integrity of the vitreous body and sowing exudate by collecting the material with a Pasteur pipette with transfer to the MPA. These were kept in a certain temperature regime for at least 48 hours. The researchers examined the plates with the inoculations and described the morphology of the resulting colonies, with preliminary staining of the smears according to Romanovsky-Giemsa. The colonies were counted using the Goryaev camera. The method used helped to detect the parasitic disease together with the bacteriological purity of the fish, which makes it possible to issue a correct veterinary and sanitary assessment for a given invasion. The data were processed statistically; a correlation relationship between the intensity of invasion and the level of the bacteriological flora of fish products was established. The most significant was the relationship of contamination with bacteria of the E. coli group and of the genus Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. The obtained value of the KMAFAMnM index exceeded the indicator of healthy fish. Keywords: diplostomosis, post-diplostomosis, methods, identification, parasitology, microbiolog

Revendo o projeto da linguística

It is argued that the foundational assumptions of orthodox linguistics may not be accepted as tenable since they are rooted in Cartesian dualism, which precludes a holistic understanding of cognition as a bio-logical phenomenon. As a result, much of what orthodox linguistic thought holds as truths about language (and cognition) is nothing but myths that have never been (and may not be) empirically validated. A general ideo-logical shift in contemporary cognitive science is identified, which consists in taking a holistic (bio-socio-cultural) stance toward language and cognition. The epistemological basis for this shift is provided by autopoiesis as the theory of the living, which opens new perspectives in the study of human cognitive powers.Argumenta-se que os pressupostos fundadores da linguística ortodoxa não devem ser aceitos como válidos uma vez que estão baseados no dualismo cartesiano, que impede uma compreensão holística da cognição como fenômeno biológico. Consequentemente, muito do que o pensamento linguístico ortodoxo tem como verdades sobre a língua (e a cognição) não passa de mitos que nunca foram (e parecem não ser) validados empiricamente. Identifica-se uma mudança ideológica na ciência cognitiva contemporânea que consiste em assumir uma postura holística (bio-sócio-cultural) sobre a língua e a cognição. A base epistemológica para essa mudança é provida pela autopoiese como uma teoria do ser vivo que abre novas perspectivas sobre o estudo da capacidade cognitiva human