Implementation of carbon nanomodification for sorption materials

The article addresses the urgent task of improving the adsorption capacity and expanding the scope of application for commonly used industrial sorbents – activated carbons and synthetic zeolites. Among a variety of methods for modifying these sorbents, more attention is now being given to techniques that employ carbon nanomaterials. This is due to the unique properties of nanostructures – developed surface, availability of active functional groups, etc. In the present work, the classic materials – NWC coconut shell activated carbon and synthetic NaX zeolite – were chosen as initial sorbent samples to be modified. The authors developed a process flowsheet for the carbon nanomodification, which contains the following main stages: preparation of a catalytic mixture solution under given temperature conditions, impregnation of porous materials using the obtained solution, and drying and synthesis of carbon nanotubes via chemical vapor deposition. The proposed technological line consists of a reactor for synthesis of carbon nanotubes, the patented design of which will allow for simultaneously modifying in an effective way different types of materials. As a result, the layer of carbon nanostructures, the quality of which can be varied by changing the conditions of the modification procedure, is formed on the substrate surface

Generalized surface multifractality in 2D disordered systems

Recently, a concept of generalized multifractality, which characterizes fluctuations and correlations of critical eigenstates, was introduced and explored for all ten symmetry classes of disordered systems. Here, by using the non-linear sigma-model field theory, we extend the theory of generalized multifractality to boundaries of systems at criticality. Our numerical simulations on two-dimensional (2D) systems of symmetry classes A, C, and AII fully confirm the analytical predictions of pure-scaling observables and Weyl symmetry relations between critical exponents of surface generalized multifractality. This demonstrates validity of the non-linear sigma-model field theory for description of Anderson-localization critical phenomena not only in the bulk but also on the boundary. The critical exponents strongly violate generalized parabolicity, in analogy with earlier results for the bulk, corroborating the conclusion that the considered Anderson-localization critical points are not described by conformal field theories. We further derive relations between generalized surface multifractal spectra and linear combinations of Lyapunov exponents of a strip in quasi-one-dimensional geometry, which hold under assumption of invariance with respect to a logarithmic conformal map. Our numerics demonstrate that these relations hold with an excellent accuracy. Taken together, our results indicate an intriguing situation: the conformal invariance is broken but holds partially at critical points of Anderson localization.Comment: 19 pages, 21 figure

Анализ развития и регулирования криптовалют: зарубежный и российский опыт

Purpose: carrying out the analysis of the regulation of the crypto-currency, its legal provisions and risks, which will allow us to study this phenomenon more deeply for the purpose of Russia's financial security in the modern world financial system, taking into account the essence of the nature of the crypto-currency. Methods: when studying the role of state regulation of electronic money (crypto-currency), a dialectical method of scientific cognition was applied. Calculating and analytical methods of observing, measuring, analyzing and comparing indicators characterizing the state regulation of crypto-currencies in the Russian Federation, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats to use and regulate crypto currency. Results: the authors conducted the analysis of the crypto-currency market, studied the experience and peculiarities of the state regulation of the crypto-currencies, examined and proposed strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats to use and regulate crypto-currencies. Conclusions and Relevance: in the process of studying the experience of regulating crypto currency in foreign countries, we found some similar features. First, each country seeks to create a favorable climate for the development of new technologies (detached) and sees a high potential for using technology not only in the private sector, but also in the public sector. Secondly, the crypto-currency market is growing at a high pace, and the state, without adapting the tax code to the modern challenges of the digital economy, receives less revenue in the budget, since the crypto-currencies are out of legal jurisdiction. Thirdly, today there are more than 1 thousand different crypto-currencies, therefore, it is necessary to develop common standards for the regulation of crypto-currencies. Цель: Проведение анализа регулирования криптовалют, его правового обеспечения и рисков, что позволит более глубоко исследовать данный феномен в целях финансовой безопасности России в современной мировой финансовой системе, учитывая сущность природы криптовалют. Методология проведения работы: При исследовании роли государственного регулирования электронных денег (криптовалют) был применен диалектический метод научного познания. Также использованы расчетно-аналитические методы наблюдения, измерения, анализа и сравнения показателей, характеризующих государственное регулирование криптовалют в Российской Федерации, сильные и слабые стороны, возможности и угроз использования и регулирования криптовалют. Результаты работы: Авторами проведен анализ рынка криптовалют, изучен опыт и особенности государственного регулирования криптовалют, рассмотрены и предложены сильные и слабые стороны, возможности и угрозы использования и регулирования криптовалют. Выводы: В процессе исследования опыта регулирования криптовалют в зарубежных странах мы нашли некие схожие черты. Во-первых, каждая страна стремится создать благоприятный климат развития новейших технологий (блокчейн) и видит высокий потенциал использования технологии не только в частном, но и государственном секторе. Во-вторых, рынок криптовалют растет высокими темпами, и государство, не адаптировав налоговый кодекс под современные вызовы цифровой экономики, недополучает доходы в бюджет, так как криптовалюты находятся вне правовой юрисдикции. В-третьих, на сегодняшний день насчитывается более 1 тысячи различных криптовалют, следовательно, необходимо разработать единые стандарты регулирования криптовалют.

Magnetic phenomena in co-containing layered double hydroxides

Magnetic behavior of CoII(n)AlIII layered double hydroxides (LDHs) (n=Co/Al=2 and 3) intercalated with nitrate was studied as a function of temperature. Both LDH compounds are paramagnetic above about 8K. A rapid increase of their magnetic moments occurs below this temperature until the moments reach the maximum values at Tmax of 4.0K and 3.2K for Co(2)Al-NO3 and Co(3)Al-NO3, respectively. Below Tmax, the zero-field-cooled and the field-cooled static magnetization curves are strongly different. Along with this low-temperature phenomena, Co(2)Al-NO3 and Co(3)Al-NO3 demonstrate anomalous behavior of their temperature dependence magnetic susceptibility in a highertemperature range: between 75 and 175K, both the paramagnetic Curie temperature and the effective magnetic moment change in a non-monotonous way. Possible structural reasons of the observed magnetic behavior of the CoII(n)AlIII LDHs are discussed.publishe

The Phylogenetics and Ecology of the Orthopoxviruses Endemic to North America

The data presented herein support the North American orthopoxviruses (NA OPXV) in a sister relationship to all other currently described Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) species. This phylogenetic analysis reaffirms the identification of the NA OPXV as close relatives of “Old World” (Eurasian and African) OPXV and presents high support for deeper nodes within the Chordopoxvirinae family. The natural reservoir host(s) for many of the described OPXV species remains unknown although a clear virus-host association exists between the genus OPXV and several mammalian taxa. The hypothesized host associations and the deep divergence of the OPXV/NA OPXV clades depicted in this study may reflect the divergence patterns of the mammalian faunas of the Old and New World and reflect a more ancient presence of OPXV on what are now the American continents. Genes from the central region of the poxvirus genome are generally more conserved than genes from either end of the linear genome due to functional constraints imposed on viral replication abilities. The relatively slower evolution of these genes may more accurately reflect the deeper history among the poxvirus group, allowing for robust placement of the NA OPXV within Chordopoxvirinae. Sequence data for nine genes were compiled from three NA OPXV strains plus an additional 50 genomes collected from Genbank. The current, gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis reaffirms the identification of the NA OPXV as the nearest relatives of “Old World” OPXV and presents high support for deeper nodes within the Chordopoxvirinae family. Additionally, the substantial genetic distances that separate the currently described NA OPXV species indicate that it is likely that many more undescribed OPXV/NA OPXV species may be circulating among wild animals in North America

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

A setup for electrically controlled liquid-phase sorption of organic pollutants on nanostructured materials

The present paper considers the possibility of intensifying the process of liquid-phase sorption of organic molecules of methyl orange dye through exposure to an electromagnetic field. A laboratory setup for water conditioning and an experimental procedure are presented. Activated carbons of different chemical nature (stone carbon – AG-5, charcoal – BAU-A, and NWC coconut shell carbon in its initial form – NWC and nanomodified with carbon nanotubes – NWC-T) were used as sorption materials. Moreover, the possibility of employing “Taunit”-series (Taunit, Taunit-M, Tainit-MD) carbon nanotubes (CNTs), produced at NanoTechCenter Ltd. (Tambov, Russia), in its native form in the process of electrically controlled sorption was also evaluated. In the course of performing comparative studies, the positive influence of the electromagnetic field on the sorption process was established. The adsorption capacity of the sorbents was found to increase 1.5-2 times under the voltage of 100 V. The sorption activity of the materials under study increased in the following sequence: BAU-A<AG-5<NWC <NWC-T <“Taunt“<“Taunit-MD“<“Taunit-M

Application of Mobile Operators’ Data in Modern Geographical Research

Mobile operators’ data are one type of Big Data. These are any data about events related to the use of a mobile phone. These data include subscriber identifiers and associated time and location attributes. Big Data in general usually includes datasets with sizes beyond the ability of commonly used software tools to capture, curate, manage, and process data within a tolerable elapsed time. Big Data can be described by the following key characteristics: volume, variety, velocity, veracity, value, variability etc. Mobile operators’ data are supplied by the Mobile Network Operators. The main distinguishing features of the operator are, firstly, the possession of a state license to use the radio frequency spectrum, and, secondly, the possession or control over the elements of the network infrastructure necessary to provide services to subscribers in the authorized radio frequency spectrum. The smallest structural territorial element for cellular communication systems is a cell; its dimensions can be different (250 by 250 m, 500 by 500 m, etc.)

Implementation of carbon nanomodification for sorption materials

The article addresses the urgent task of improving the adsorption capacity and expanding the scope of application for commonly used industrial sorbents – activated carbons and synthetic zeolites. Among a variety of methods for modifying these sorbents, more attention is now being given to techniques that employ carbon nanomaterials. This is due to the unique properties of nanostructures – developed surface, availability of active functional groups, etc. In the present work, the classic materials – NWC coconut shell activated carbon and synthetic NaX zeolite – were chosen as initial sorbent samples to be modified. The authors developed a process flowsheet for the carbon nanomodification, which contains the following main stages: preparation of a catalytic mixture solution under given temperature conditions, impregnation of porous materials using the obtained solution, and drying and synthesis of carbon nanotubes via chemical vapor deposition. The proposed technological line consists of a reactor for synthesis of carbon nanotubes, the patented design of which will allow for simultaneously modifying in an effective way different types of materials. As a result, the layer of carbon nanostructures, the quality of which can be varied by changing the conditions of the modification procedure, is formed on the substrate surface

Methodological Approach to Determining Labor Consumption to Perform Scientific-Research Work

Currently organizations of the military-industrial complex do not possess adequate methodological means to draw up an educated position in order to coordinate the labor-output ratio with the experts of the military representative office of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The military product pricing should be carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in compliance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 612 “On introduction of changes in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 804, 1995/11/08” dated 2014/03/07. The aim of the research conducted by the authors is to inform all interested parties about the new methodological approach, the practical application of which provides the more valid basis to assess the labor consumption of conducting scientific research and increase the accuracy of estimated price of research and development work. In order to ensure the practical application of methodological approach the following tasks are solved: analysis of currently available publications on the subject and justification of the need to improve the existing methodological tools; description of the essence and contents of the approach; constructing analytical dependences to computerize the calculation the labor-output ratio, and developing the structure for input database. To develop the methodological approach the authors use the method of systemic analysis of scientific product creating process. This method assumes that the scientific research is represented as a combination of tasks and subtasks of different level of the research decomposition and actions to solve them and is used together with a balance method involving the labor resources allocation between tasks and subtasks. The proposed methodological approach is based on the analysis of the authors’ experience gained in the course of preparation and application of methodological guidelines to form the state contract initial price and of giving an opinion on the estimated prices by NPO “Basalt” economic planning experts. The above approach is going to be applied by NPO “Basalt” to plan the labor consumption when conducting scientific research and to form an expert opinion on pricing scientific product by the military representative office of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation