Sobrevivência de pupas de Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) após submersão em laboratório

Between May and June of 2008, the survival of the pupae of Lucilia eximia (Diptera, Calliphoridae) was observed after submersion in laboratory. For this experiment 480 pupae of same age were used, these were divided in eight groups: the group control was not submerged and the other groups were submerged from one to seven days. The increase of the submersion period reduces the survival, with one day of submersion the survival is of 80%, with two days 40%, of 30% with three days, in the fourth day it falls to 23,34% and in the fifth day it is 10%. After this period the mortality rises to 100%. This pattern can be explained by the curve "U-shaped" that happens in the consumption of O2 during the pupal period, where the consumption is larger at the beginning and at the end of the pupal period. The time of submersion also affects the development time, increasing the pupal period. These data are potentially useful in estimating duration of submergence of a corpse in forensic entomology investigations

Social wasps (Hymenoptera, Polistinae) from the Brazilian savanna

The present study was developed aiming to evaluate the richness and biogeography of social wasp species in the Brazilian savanna, Cerrado. In order to do so, we gathered data from specialized literature and field samplings performed at Sempre-Vivas National Park, northeastern Minas Gerais state. 18 genera and 137 species were recorded, with 4 endemic species of the Mischocytiarus genus. The results showed that Cerrado houses 40% of Brazilian Polistinae fauna and that Sempre-Vivas National Park is responsible for around 29% of this value, which makes it an important refuge for conservation of social wasps from Cerrado, as well as Mato Grosso state, due to its large number of restricted occurrence and endemic species. Nonetheless, there are Brazilian states and conservation units still lacking information for the taxon, making a bigger sampling effort in the Cerrado biome necessary, as it has been rapidly deteriorating due to human action

SABERES POPULARES ACERCA DE VESPAS SOCIAIS (VESPIDAE) E ABELHAS (APIDAE) NA MATA ATLÂNTICA DO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ, SUL DO

Os artrópodes compõem a maior parte do reino animal, possuindo mais de um milhão de espécies descritas, incluindo os marimbondos e as abelhas, que compõem a ordem Hymenoptera. Embora esses insetos executem importantes funções ecológicas e forneçam produtos de valor econômico, muitas pessoas desconhecem sua importância, sendo prática recorrente a destruição de suas colônias ou a morte desses indivíduos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o conhecimento popular dos moradores do entorno do Parque Nacional de Ilhas Grande (PNIG) sobre a fauna de himenópteros (vespas sociais e abelhas). Para isso, foi aplicado, em outubro de 2019, um questionário semiestruturado em 50 residências no distrito de Porto Camargo, Icaraíma-PR. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os entrevistados conhecem diversas espécies de marimbondos e abelhas, mas que sabem pouco ou quase nada sobre a sua importância ecológica, o que contribui para a não conservação desses insetos e da área em que vivem

Exercício de intensidade moderada durante a gravidez é seguro para o feto? Ensaio clínico aberto

To determine the effect of treadmill walking on maternal heart rate (MHR) and cardiotocographic parameters (basal fetal heart rate [FHR], active fetal movements [AFM], number of accelerations and decelerations, and short-term variation [STV] and long-term variation [LTV] of fetal heart rate) in pregnant women at 36 weeks. Methods A nonrandomized, open clinical trial involving 88 healthy pregnant women submitted to moderate intensity walking and computed cardiotocography in 3 20-minute periods (resting, treadmill walking, and postexercise recovery). Results The mean FHR decreased during walking (resting: 137 bpm; treadmill: 98 bpm; recovery: 140 bpm; p <0.001), with bradycardia occurring in 56% of the fetuses in the first 10minutes of exercise, and in 47% after 20minutes. Bradycardia was not detected in the other phases. The mean STV and HV were 7.9, 17.0, and 8.0 milliseconds ( p <0.001) and 7.6, 10.8 and 7.6 bpm ( p =0.002) in the resting, walking and recovery phases, respectively. The mean number of fetal movements in 1 hour was 29.9, 22.2 and 45.5, respectively, in the 3 periods ( p <0.001). In overweight/obese women, the mean FHR was lower ( p =0.02). Following the logistic regression analysis, two variables remained significantly associated with bradycardia: maternal fitness in the 28 (th) week of pregnancy (protective effect) and maternal weight (increased risk). Conclusion In healthy fetuses, physical exercise proved to be safe, since, although FHR and AFM decreased during treadmill walking, an increase in SVT and LTV was observed419531538CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA - FAPESQUniversal 480761/2008-6PPSUS2009Determinar o efeito da caminhada em esteira sobre a frequencia cardiaca materna (FCM) e parametros cardiotocograficos (batimentos cardiofetais basais [BCFs], movimentos ativos fetais [MAFs], numero de aceleracoes e desaceleracoes e variabilidade de curta [STV] e longa [LTV] duracAo da frequencia cardiaca fetal) em gestantes na 36 (a) semana. Metodos Foi realizado um ensaio clinico nAo randomizado e aberto com 88 gestantes saudaveis submetidas a caminhada de moderada intensidade na esteira e a cardiotocografia computadoriza em 3 momentos de 20 minutos (antes, durante e apos a caminhada). Resultados A media dos BCFs diminuiu durante a caminhada, retornando a niveis previos (antes: 137 bpm; durante: 98 bpm; apos: 140 bpm; p <0,001), com bradicardia ocorrendo em 56% dos fetos nos primeiros 10 minutos do exercicio, e em 47% apos 20 minutos. A bradicardia fetal nAo foi observada em outros momentos (antes ou depois). As medias da STV e da LTV foram 7,9, 17,0 e 8,0 milissegundos ( p <0,001) e 7,6, 10,7 e 7,6 bpm ( p =0,002) antes, durante e apos a caminhada, respectivamente. A media dos numeros dos MAFs em 1 hora foi 29,9, 22,2 e 45,5, respectivamente, nos tres momentos ( p <0,001). Nas mulheres com sobrepeso/obesidade, a media da FCM foi menor ( p =0,02). Apos a analise de regressAo logistica, duas variaveis permaneceram significativamente associadas a bradicardia: aptidAo maternal na 28 (a) semana de gravidez (efeito protetor) e peso materno (aumento do risco). ConclusAo Em fetos saudaveis, o exercicio fisico mostrou-se seguro, uma vez que, embora os BCFs e os MAFs diminuam durante a caminhada na esteira, foi observado um aumento da SVT e da LT

Influence Of Number Of Pregnancies In Peak Expiratory Flow And Body Composition Of Pregnant Women

Objectives: to describe and compare the mean values of the body composition and the peak expiratory flow (PEF) in primigravidae and multigravidae and, to determine its correlation with obstetric, anthropometric and body composition variables. Method: it was performed a cross-sectional study of 120 healthy pregnant women at low risk, including 77 primigravidae and 43 multigravidae. The PEF was measured by spirometry and the body composition by multisegmental electrical impedance. The unpaired t test was used to compare the groups and the Pearson correlation test was used to determine the association between PEF and independent variables. A multiple linear regression was used to estimate the relationship between the dependent variable, the PEF and the independent variables. Results: the body composition variables in multigravidae women showed higher values compared to the primigravidae, being statistically significant, except for fat mass. In primigravidae, the PEF was correlated significantly with maternal age and height. In multigravidae, the PEF was correlated with maternal age, height, pre-pregnancy and current weight, total body water, extracellular water, fat mass, lean mass and fat-free mass. A Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, in primigravidae, height and maternal age were associated with PEF, being responsible for explaining 14.5% of its variability. The current weight and the maternal age explained 42.3% of peak flow variability in multigravidae. Conclusion: The PEF seemed to be influenced by the number of pregnancies. Changes were observed in relation to the body composition, as it was evidenced in correlation with the PEF in multigravidae women. Keywords: Pregnancy. Spirometry. Weight gain

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Calliphoridae (Diptera) associados a cadáver de porco doméstico Sus scrofa (L.) na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.

Two experiments were carried out in campus II of National Research Institute of Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, one in the rainy and the other in the less rainy (dry) season. The aim of this research was determination the time of decomposition and species of Calliphoridae associated, as well as the time of development without temperature control . Were used pig carcasses with 25 Kg. The time of decomposition was of eight days in the rainy season and of seven days in the dry season. Were collected seven species of Calliphoridae: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819); Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794); Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775); Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805); Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850); Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) and Paralucilia paraensis (Mello, 1969), among them just Cochliomyia macellaria and Hemilucilia segmentaria immature stages not were collected. The development time from egg to adult for L. eximia was 19,4 days in the rainy season and 14,3 days in the dry season; for H. segmentaria it was 11,5 days and 10,7 days respectively; for C. albiceps it was 14,5 days and 9,4 days respectively, for C. megacephala it was 10,7 days and 9,4 days in rainy and dry season respectively and P. paraensis was collected only dry season and your development time from egg to adult is 11,8 days. This is a first record of the time of development of P. paraensis and this the first collection record in urban area. The species with forensic potential are: C. albiceps; C. megacephala; H. segmentaria; L. eximia and P. paraensis.Foram realizados dois experimentos com cadáver suíno de 25 kg no campus II do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, um na estação chuvosa e o outro na estação menos chuvosa (seca) para verificar o tempo de decomposição do cadáver e as espécies de Calliphoridae associadas e o seu tempo de desenvolvimento em condições naturais, sem controle de temperatura. Foram coletadas sete espécies: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819); Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794); Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775); Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805); Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850); Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) e Paralucilia paraensis (Mello, 1969). Dentre elas apenas C. macellaria e H. semidiaphana não foram coletados imaturos. O tempo de decomposição do cadáver foi de oito dias na estação chuvosa e de sete dias na estação menos chuvosa (seca). O tempo de desenvolvimento de ovo a adulto de L. eximia foi de 19,4 dias na estação chuvosa e de 14,3 dias na estação seca; para H. segmentaria o tempo foi de 11,5 e 10,7 dias, respectivamente; para C. albiceps foi de 14,5 e 9,4 dias, respectivamente; para C. megacephala foi de 10,7 e 9,4 dias, respectivamente; P. paraensis foi coletada somente na estação seca e seu tempo de desenvolvimento de ovo a adulto foi de 11,8 dias. Este é o primeiro trabalho fornecendo informações do tempo de desenvolvimento de P. paraensis e primeiro registro da espécie em área urbana de Manaus. As espécies com potencial uso forense são: C. albiceps; C. megacephala; H. segmentaria; L. eximia e P. paraensis