Projeto de um entreposto frigorífico com análise da barreira de vapor, carga térmica e do ciclo de refrigeração

A importância dos entrepostos frigoríficos para um sistema de logística é grande e crescente devido ao aumento da população e sua distância dos centros de produção e ao tempo vida não perecível dos alimentos em geral.O projeto em questão tem como finalidade abastecer uma população seiscentos mil habitantes, com carne bovina e frutas. Aspectos importantes como a transferência de calor e umidade através da estrutura e outras cargas devido a característica do projeto serão abordados.O ciclo de refrigeração requerido pela instalação frigorífica, assim como seus equipamentos serão especificados de modo que tenhamos o funcionamento adequado da instalação frigorífica

Eficiència energètica d’un habitatge unifamiliar: auditoria energètica amb propostes de millora

Aquest treball de fi de Grau, té com a objectiu principal l’estudi d’eficiència energètica realitzat a un habitatge unifamiliar, així com el desenvolupament d’una auditoria energètica amb propostes de millora. Per a la realització del mateix, s’ha seguit la metodologia estandarditzada de les auditories energètiques, que s’exposa a continuació: Primerament s’ha realitzat una descripció exhaustiva de l’objecte d’estudi, conjuntament amb l’anàlisi de l’habitatge, on es recopilen totes les dades necessàries com ara factures, consums, fotografies, diverses mesures i anotacions pertinents. Seguidament s’han realitzat els càlculs necessaris i l’anàlisi de les dades preses amb anterioritat, per tal d’identificar possibles solucions o millores que afavoreixin els usuaris de l’habitatge. A posteriori, s’han proposat les solucions de millora identificades per tal d’aconseguir reduir l’empremta energètica i reduir la factura energètica, així com els pressupostos associats, temps d’amortització, períodes de retorn i viabilitat de les mateixes. Amb la realització del projecte, s’ha pogut comprovar la notable millora de l’eficiència energètica juntament amb una considerable reducció de les factures associades al consum energètic, que suposarien les petites modificacions sobre l’habitatge i la forma d’ús de l’energia per part dels usuaris

Estudio de la economía circular en entornos productivos

La consciència ecològica, impulsada per les conseqüències del canvi climàtic, l’augment de la població i el sistema de consum actual entre altres factors, està portant a un canvi de paradigma als models de producció i consum tradicionals, passant d’una economia lineal a una altra denominada circular, en el que té en compte tot el procés de vida útil del producte, des de com es fabrica fins què fer amb ell una vegada es fa servir i com es reutilitza o es recicla sense perjudicar a la natura. L’objectiu del present treball consisteix a realitzar un anàlisi bibliogràfic sobre l’economia circular per conèixer les característiques, motivacions i resultats a tenir en compte al llarg de l'implementació d’aquest tipus de model productiu. En una etapa inicial, es recopilarà informació sobre l’economia circular per conèixer el seu procediment, realitzant un estudi sobre les diferents corrents filosòfiques que el conformen, per posteriorment, avaluar les diferències entre el model de consum tradicional i la proposta circular alternativa. En aquest punt també es defineix l’estat actual sobre l’economia circular a Espanya. A continuació s’estudien i exposen factors que augmenten l’adaptabilitat de l’economia circular sobre el model actual a través de la documentació recopilada. En l’etapa final, s’exposen diferents casos d’organitzacions que han seguit un model productiu en base als principis de l’economia circular i s’analitzen els beneficis obtinguts.La conciencia ecológica, impulsada por las consecuencias del cambio climático, el aumento de la población y el sistema de consumo actual entre otros factores, está llevando a un cambio de paradigma en los modelos de producción y consumo tradicionales, pasando de una economía lineal a otra denominada circular, en la que se tiene en cuenta todo el proceso de vida útil del producto, desde cómo se fabrica hasta qué hacer con él una vez se ha usado y cómo se reutiliza o recicla sin perjudicar a la naturaleza. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en realizar un análisis bibliográfico sobre la economía circular para conocer las características, motivaciones y resultados a tener en cuenta en la implementación de este tipo de modelo productivo. En una etapa inicial, se recopila información sobre la economía circular para conocer su procedencia, realizando un estudio sobre las distintas corrientes filosóficas que la conforman, para posteriormente, evaluar las diferencias entre el modelo de consumo tradicional y la propuesta circular alternativa. En este punto también se define el estado actual sobre la economía circular en España. A continuación se estudian y exponen factores que aumentan la adaptabilidad de la economía circular sobre el modelo actual a través de la documentación recopilada. En la etapa final, se exponen distintos casos de organizaciones que han seguido un modelo productivo en base a los principios de la economía circular y se analizan los beneficios obtenidos.The ecological awareness driven by the consequences of the climate change, the increase of the population and the current consumption system, among other factors, is leading to a paradigm shift in the traditional production and consumption models, moving from a linear economy to another one called circular economy, which takes into account the entire life cycle of the product, from how it is manufactured to what to do with it once it has been used and how it is reused or recycled without harming the nature. The aim of this paper is to carry out a bibliographic analysis of the circular economy in order to know the characteristics, motivations and results to be taken into account in the implementation of this type of production model. In an initial stage, information on the circular economy is collected to know its origin, carrying out a study on the different philosophical currents that shape it, to subsequently evaluate the differences between the traditional consumption model and the alternative curricular proposal. At this point, the current state of the circular economy in Spain is also defined. Next, factors that increase the adaptation of the circular economy to the current model are studied and presented through the documentation collected. In the final stage, different cases of organizations that have followed a production model based on the principles of the circular economy are discussed.Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum Responsable

Elucidating the degradation mechanism of the cathode catalyst of PEFCs by a combination of electrochemical methods and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

In this study, we report a methodology which enables the determination of the degradation mechanisms responsible for catalyst deterioration under different accelerated stress protocols (ASPs) by combining measurements of the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and Pt content (by X-ray fluorescence).</p

Common Co-activation of AXL and CDCP1 in EGFR-mutation-positive Non-smallcell Lung Cancer Associated With Poor Prognosis.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutation-positive non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC) is incurable, despite high rates of response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We investigated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), Src family kinases and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as genetic modifiers of innate resistance in EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC. We performed gene expression analysis in two cohorts (Cohort 1 and Cohort 2) of EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC patients treated with EGFR TKI. We evaluated the efficacy of gefitinib or osimertinib with the Src/FAK/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor, TPX0005 in vitro and in vivo. In Cohort 1, CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) was an independent negative prognostic factor for progression-free survival (hazard ratio of 1.79, p=0.0407) and overall survival (hazard ratio of 2.23, p=0.0192). A two-gene model based on AXL and CDCP1 expression was strongly associated with the clinical outcome to EGFR TKIs, in both cohorts of patients. Our preclinical experiments revealed that several RTKs and non-RTKs, were up-regulated at baseline or after treatment with gefitinib or osimertinib. TPX-0005 plus EGFR TKI suppressed expression and activation of RTKs and downstream signaling intermediates. Co-expression of CDCP1 and AXL is often observed in EGFR-mutation-positive tumors, limiting the efficacy of EGFR TKIs. Co-treatment with EGFR TKI and TPX-0005 warrants testing

Assembly of high nuclearity clusters from a family of tripodal tris-carboxylate ligands

A family of four tris-carboxylic acid ligands 1,3,5-tris(4′-carboxybiphenyl-2-yl)benzene (H3L1), 1,3,5-tris-2-carboxyphenylbenzene (H3L2), 1,3,5-tris(4″-carboxy-para-terphenyl-2-yl)benzene (H3L3) and 1,3,5-tris(3′-carboxybiphenyl-2-yl)benzene (H3L4) have been synthesised and reacted with first row transition metal cations to give nine complexes which have been structurally characterised by X-ray crystallography. The ligands share a common design motif having three arms connected to a benzene core via three ortho-disubstituted phenyl linkers. The ligands vary in length and direction of the carboxylic acid functionalised arms and are all able to adopt tripodal conformations in which the three arms are directed facially. The structures of [Zn8(μ4-O)(L1)4(HCO2)2(H2O)0.33(DMF)2] (1a-Zn), [Co14(L2)6((μ3-OH)8(HCO2)2(DMF)4(H2O)6] (2-Co), [Ni14(L2)6(μ3-OH)8(HCO2)2(DMF)4(H2O)6] (2-Ni), [Zn8(μ4-O)(L3)4(DMF)(H2O)4(NO3)2] (3-Zn), [Ni5(μ-OH)4(L2)2(H2O)6(DMF)4] (5-Ni), [Co8(μ4-O)4(L4)4(DMF)3(H2O)] (6-Co) and Fe3(μ3-O)(L4)2(H2O)(DMF)2)] (7-Fe) contain polynuclear clusters surrounded by ligands (L1–4)3− in tripodal conformations. The structure of [Zn2(HL1)2(DMF)4] (1b-Zn) shows it to be a binuclear complex in which the two ligands (HL2)2− are partially deprotonated whilst {[Zn3(L2)2(DMF)(H2O)(C5H5N)]·6(DMF)}n (4-Zn) is a 2D coordination network containing {Zn2(RCO2)4(solv)2} paddlewheel units. The conformations of the ligand arms in the complexes have been analysed, confirming that the shared ortho-disubstituted phenyl ring motif is a powerful and versatile tool for designing ligands able to form high-nuclearity coordination clusters when reacted with transition metal cations

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas

Although theMYConcogene has been implicated incancer, a systematic assessment of alterations ofMYC, related transcription factors, and co-regulatoryproteins, forming the proximal MYC network (PMN),across human cancers is lacking. Using computa-tional approaches, we define genomic and proteo-mic features associated with MYC and the PMNacross the 33 cancers of The Cancer Genome Atlas.Pan-cancer, 28% of all samples had at least one ofthe MYC paralogs amplified. In contrast, the MYCantagonists MGA and MNT were the most frequentlymutated or deleted members, proposing a roleas tumor suppressors.MYCalterations were mutu-ally exclusive withPIK3CA,PTEN,APC,orBRAFalterations, suggesting that MYC is a distinct onco-genic driver. Expression analysis revealed MYC-associated pathways in tumor subtypes, such asimmune response and growth factor signaling; chro-matin, translation, and DNA replication/repair wereconserved pan-cancer. This analysis reveals insightsinto MYC biology and is a reference for biomarkersand therapeutics for cancers with alterations ofMYC or the PMN

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin

Spatial Organization and Molecular Correlation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Using Deep Learning on Pathology Images

Beyond sample curation and basic pathologic characterization, the digitized H&E-stained images of TCGA samples remain underutilized. To highlight this resource, we present mappings of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) based on H&E images from 13 TCGA tumor types. These TIL maps are derived through computational staining using a convolutional neural network trained to classify patches of images. Affinity propagation revealed local spatial structure in TIL patterns and correlation with overall survival. TIL map structural patterns were grouped using standard histopathological parameters. These patterns are enriched in particular T cell subpopulations derived from molecular measures. TIL densities and spatial structure were differentially enriched among tumor types, immune subtypes, and tumor molecular subtypes, implying that spatial infiltrate state could reflect particular tumor cell aberration states. Obtaining spatial lymphocytic patterns linked to the rich genomic characterization of TCGA samples demonstrates one use for the TCGA image archives with insights into the tumor-immune microenvironment