Thyroid function, autoimmunity and nodules in hematological malignancies

Objective Hematological malignancies encompass a large spectrum of disease entities whose treatment by chemo/radiotherapy could lead to thyroid complications. To the best of our knowledge, no study has simultaneously addressed thyroid function, autoimmunity and nodularity. Therefore, we decided to conduct one.Materials and methods We evaluated 82 Caucasian patients (36 women and 46 men), who were treated at our Oncology division for hematological malignancies (multiple myeloma, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphatic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and polycythemia vera) and compared them with a control group of 104 patients. Patients who had received or were receiving external head/neck radiotherapy were excluded. All oncological patients and control individuals underwent thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function and autoimmunity tests.Results A lower prevalence of enlarged thyroid and nodules were found in patients with respect to controls. The rate of thyroid nodules was the highest in multiple myeloma and polycythemia vera, and the lowest in chronic lymphatic leukemia. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients had the smallest thyroid nodules while men with multiple myeloma the biggest ones. No patient had hypothyroidism, while 5.6% of patients had subclinical hyperthyroidism. In contrast, within the control group the rates of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, overt and subclinical, were 3.8%, 20.2%, 0% and 0% respectively. Moreover, the overall rate of thyroid autoantibody positiveness in patients was significantly lower than controls.Conclusion In our experience, we found a significantly lower prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in hematologic patients who underwent chemotherapy, but not radiotherapy, with respect to controls. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):236-4

Intraoperative sonography for nonpalpable breast lesions: Additional indications for a consolidate technique.

This prospective study evaluated the intraoperative ultrasound scan (IUSS) for nonpalpable breast lesions' detection. A total of 108 consecutive female patients underwent surgery using IUSS: Frozen sections demonstrated clear margins in 95.5% of neoplastic patients. Only four (4.5%) patients underwent local re-excision in the same operation. IUSS demonstrated to be quick, accurate, useful, effective, and safe for the intraoperative management of neoplastic nonpalpable breast lesions when performed by a surgeon who has undergone US training, particularly for people in whom alternative approaches can show some limitations due to contraindications or because of scheduling constraints, costs, and patient discomfort

Nuovo satellite sferico con retroriflettori per fisica fondamentale e scienze della Terra

none5noSezion B; Classe 64; Sottoclasse G; Gruppo 1; Sottogruppo 10openA. Paolozzi, I. Ciufolini, G. Sindoni, C. Paris, A. PaolozziPaolozzi, A.; Ciufolini, I.; Sindoni, G.; Paris, C.; Paolozzi, A

Seasonal variation of the HDO/H2O ratio in the atmosphere of Mars at the middle of northern spring and beginning of northern summer

We present the seasonal variation of the HDO/H2O ratio caused by sublimation-condensation processes in a global view of the martian water cycle. The HDO/H2O ratio was retrieved from ground-based observations using high-dispersion echelle spectroscopy of the Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (IRCS) of the Subaru telescope. Coordinated joint observations were made by the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) onboard Mars Express (MEX). The observations were performed during the middle of northern spring (Ls = 52°) and at the beginning of summer (Ls = 96°) in Mars Year 31. The retrieved latitudinal mean HDO/H2O ratios are 4.1 ± 1.4 (Ls = 52°) and 4.4 ± 1.0 (Ls = 96°) times larger than the terrestrial Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). The HDO/H2O ratio shows a large seasonal variation at high latitudes. The HDO/H2O ratio significantly increases from 2.4 ± 0.6 wrt VSMOW at Ls = 52° to 5.5 ± 1.1 wrt VSMOW at Ls = 96° over the latitude range between 70°N and 80°N. This can be explained by preferential condensation of HDO vapor during the northern fall, winter, and spring and sublimation of the seasonal polar cap in the northern summer. In addition, we investigated the geographical distribution of the HDO/H2O ratio over low latitudes at the northern spring in the longitudinal range between 220°W and 360°W, including different local times from 10 h to 17 h. We found the HDO/H2O ratio has no significant variation (5.1 ± 1.2 wrt VSMOW) over the entire range. Our observations suggest that the HDO/H2O distribution in the northern spring and summer seasons is mainly controlled by condensation-induced fractionation between the seasonal northern polar cap and the atmosphere

Evaluation of Clinicopathological and Molecular Parameters on Disease Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patient: A Retrospective Observational Study

The American Joint Committee on Cancer has revised the Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging system for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. We examined the impact of this new classification (TNM-8) on patient stratification and estimated the prognostic value of clinicopathological features for the disease-free interval (DFI) in a cohort of 1148 PTC patients. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that all clinicopathological parameters analyzed, except age and multifocality, were associated significantly with DFI. Cox regression identified tall cell PTC variant and stage as independent risk factors for DFI. When the stage was replaced with age, tumor size, and lymph node (LN) metastases in the set of covariates, the lateral LN metastases stood out as the strongest independent predictor of DFI, followed by tall cell variant and age. A noteworthy result emerging from these analyzes is that regression models had lower Akaike and Bayesian information criterions if variables were categorized based on the TNM-7. In addition, we examined data from a different PTC patient cohort, acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, to verify whether the DFI prediction could be enhanced by further clinicopathological and molecular parameters. However, none of these was found to be a significant predictor of DFI in the Cox model

Juno's Earth flyby: the Jovian infrared Auroral Mapper preliminary results

The Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper, JIRAM, is an image-spectrometer onboard the NASA Juno spacecraft flying to Jupiter. The instrument has been designed to study the aurora and the atmosphere of the planet in the spectral range 2-5 μm. The very first scientific observation taken with the instrument was at the Moon just before Juno's Earth fly-by occurred on October 9, 2013. The purpose was to check the instrument regular operation modes and to optimize the instrumental performances. The testing activity will be completed with pointing and a radiometric/spectral calibrations shortly after Jupiter Orbit Insertion. Then the reconstruction of some Moon infrared images, together with co-located spectra used to retrieve the lunar surface temperature, is a fundamental step in the instrument operation tuning. The main scope of this article is to serve as a reference to future users of the JIRAM datasets after public release with the NASA Planetary Data System

CAESAR: Space Weather archive prototype for ASPIS

The project CAESAR (Comprehensive spAce wEather Studies for the ASPIS prototype Realization) is aimed to tackle all the relevant aspects of Space Weather (SWE) and realize the prototype of the scientific data centre for Space Weather of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) called ASPIS (ASI SPace Weather InfraStructure). This contribution is meant to bring attention upon the first steps in the development of the CAESAR prototype for ASPIS and will focus on the activities of the Node 2000 of CAESAR, the set of Work Packages dedicated to the technical design and implementation of the CAESAR ASPIS archive prototype. The product specifications of the intended resources that will form the archive, functional and system requirements gathered as first steps to seed the design of the prototype infrastructure, and evaluation of existing frameworks, tools and standards, will be presented as well as the status of the project in its initial stage.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, ADASS XXXII (2022) Proceeding

Vorticity and divergence at scales down to 200 km within and around the polar cyclones of Jupiter

Since 2017 the Juno spacecraft has observed a cyclone at the north pole of Jupiter surrounded by eight smaller cyclones arranged in a polygonal pattern. It is not clear why this configuration is so stable or how it is maintained. Here we use a time series of images obtained by the JIRAM mapping spectrometer on Juno to track the winds and measure the vorticity and horizontal divergence within and around the polar cyclone and two of the circumpolar ones. We find an anticyclonic ring between the polar cyclone and the surrounding cyclones, supporting the theory that such shielding is needed for the stability of the polygonal pattern. However, even at the smallest spatial scale (180 km) we do not find the expected signature of convection—a spatial correlation between divergence and anticyclonic vorticity—in contrast with a previous study using additional assumptions about the dynamics, which shows the correlation at scales from 20 to 200 km. We suggest that a smaller size, relative to atmospheric thickness, of Jupiter’s convective storms compared with Earth’s, can reconcile the two studies

Ganymede as Observed by JIRAM During the Juno Flyby of 7 June 2021

Since Juno's orbit insertion at Jupiter until today, the JIRAM spectro-imager observed Ganymede over 5000 times, both with its infrared imaging subsystem and with its slit spectrometer sensitive to the 2-5 µm spectral range. This dataset makes Ganymede the most observed Galilean satellite by Juno. Towards the end of 2019, during perijove 24, JIRAM achieved a maximum spatial resolution of 23 km/px. But during the latest flyby, which occurred on June 7, 2021, during perijove 34, JIRAM observed Ganymede from a much shorter distance, namely between 1053 and 2558 km from the surface, yielding unprecedented pixel resolution values between 0.25 and 0.61 km/px (average value 0.36 km/px), which is 92 times better than the previous flyby and 3 to 7 times better than the most resolved hyperspectral image ever acquired in the past by the Galileo/NIMS instrument at Ganymede. Here we discuss the infrared images and spectra that JIRAM was able to acquire during this flyby, with an emphasis on the preliminary spectroscopic results and the distribution of the chemical species detectable in the spectra. These results are important also in preparation for future measurements to be returned by the ESA JUICE mission, which aims to achieve near-global coverage of Ganymede in the 2030s. Acknowledgements: JIRAM is funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), ASI-INAF contract 2016-23-H.0. The JIRAM instrument was built by Selex ES, under the leadership of the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology (INAF-IAPS), Rome, Italy. JIRAM is operated by INAF-IAPS, Rome, Italy. Support of the Juno Science and Operations Teams is gratefully acknowledged