35 research outputs found

    Progettazione di un biosensore ottico per la determinazione atmosferica del benzene

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    2014 - 2015In recent years, environmental pollution, particularly air pollution, is a subject of great scientific and public interests. The reason is due to the strong impact on human health. Air pollution is due to the placing in the atmosphere of polluting substances coming mostly from fossil fuel use in the various combustion processes, used to power the engine vehicles, industrial machinery and for the production of electrical energy. The primary air pollutants, waste products of combustion are carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides and nitrogen, particulates and aromatic hydrocarbons. Different scientific studies correlate the presence and increased atmospheric concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons, in urban canters due to the emission of exhaust gases of vehicular traffic, with arise of a variety of tumors... [edited by author]XIV n.s

    Dispositivi protesici per la spalla a confronto

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    La spalla è un’articolazione molto particolare. La sua anatomia la rende molto delicata e instabile. Sono molte le patologie che interessano gli arti superiori del corpo. L’artrite, la sindrome da instabilità e le fratture della testa omerale al giorno d’oggi si curano con un’operazione di artroplastica. Le protesi della spalla sono relativamente più giovani rispetto a quelle di anca e ginocchio, e si dividono in due tipi: protesi da rivestimento e protesi inversa. Nel capitolo centrale di questa tesina vengono presi in considerazione i materiali utilizzati nella costruzione delle protesi, in particolare la loro biocompatibilità; si descrive una tipologia di intervento di artroplastica e il problema della stabilità dell’impianto. Nell’ultimo capitolo vengono presi come esempio due studi internazionali che permettono di dividere il ruolo delle protesi in base al o ai tipi di malattia diagnosticati. I risultati mostrano che l’uso della protesi di rivestimento totale è meno efficace in caso di presenza contemporanea di frattura della testa omerale o artrite e la lesione irreparabile della cuffia dei rotatori rispetto la protesi inversa. Nel terzo studio è affrontato lo scapular nothing, che pone un serio problema alla stabilità dell’impianto con il passare del tempoope

    Photonic Label-Free Biosensors for Fast and Multiplex Detection of Swine Viral Diseases

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    [EN] In this paper we present the development of photonic integrated circuit (PIC) biosensors for the label-free detection of six emerging and endemic swine viruses, namely: African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV), Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PPRSV), Porcine Parvovirus (PPV), Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2), and Swine Influenza Virus A (SIV). The optical biosensors are based on evanescent wave technology and, in particular, on Resonant Rings (RRs) fabricated in silicon nitride. The novel biosensors were packaged in an integrated sensing cartridge that included a microfluidic channel for buffer/sample delivery and an optical fiber array for the optical operation of the PICs. Antibodies were used as molecular recognition elements (MREs) and were selected based on western blotting and ELISA experiments to ensure the high sensitivity and specificity of the novel sensors. MREs were immobilized on RR surfaces to capture viral antigens. Antibody-antigen interactions were transduced via the RRs to a measurable resonant shift. Cell culture supernatants for all of the targeted viruses were used to validate the biosensors. Resonant shift responses were dose-dependent. The results were obtained within the framework of the SWINOSTICS project, contributing to cover the need of the novel diagnostic tools to tackle swine viral diseases.This work was funded by the EU-2020 program under grant agreement Nº 771649-SWINOSTICS project.Gómez-Gómez, MI.; Sánchez, C.; Peransi, S.; Zurita, D.; Bellieres, L.; Recuero, S.; Rodrigo, M.... (2022). Photonic Label-Free Biosensors for Fast and Multiplex Detection of Swine Viral Diseases. Sensors. 22(3):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/s2203070811422

    Strengthening global-change science by integrating aeDNA with paleoecoinformatics

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    Ancient environmental DNA (aeDNA) data are close to enabling insights into past global-scale biodiversity dynamics at unprecedented taxonomic extent and resolution. However, achieving this potential requires solutions that bridge bioinformatics and paleoecoinformatics. Essential needs include support for dynamic taxonomic inferences, dynamic age inferences, and precise stratigraphic depth. Moreover, aeDNA data are complex and heterogeneous, generated by dispersed researcher networks, with methods advancing rapidly. Hence, expert community governance and curation are essential to building high-value data resources. Immediate recommendations include uploading metabarcoding-based taxonomic inventories into paleoecoinformatic resources, building linkages among open bioinformatic and paleoecoinformatic data resources, harmonizing aeDNA processing workflows, and expanding community data governance. These advances will enable transformative insights into global-scale biodiversity dynamics during large environmental and anthropogenic changes

    Understanding Factors Associated With Psychomotor Subtypes of Delirium in Older Inpatients With Dementia

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    The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

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    Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

    Dispositivi protesici per la spalla a confronto

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    La spalla è un’articolazione molto particolare. La sua anatomia la rende molto delicata e instabile. Sono molte le patologie che interessano gli arti superiori del corpo. L’artrite, la sindrome da instabilità e le fratture della testa omerale al giorno d’oggi si curano con un’operazione di artroplastica. Le protesi della spalla sono relativamente più giovani rispetto a quelle di anca e ginocchio, e si dividono in due tipi: protesi da rivestimento e protesi inversa. Nel capitolo centrale di questa tesina vengono presi in considerazione i materiali utilizzati nella costruzione delle protesi, in particolare la loro biocompatibilità; si descrive una tipologia di intervento di artroplastica e il problema della stabilità dell’impianto. Nell’ultimo capitolo vengono presi come esempio due studi internazionali che permettono di dividere il ruolo delle protesi in base al o ai tipi di malattia diagnosticati. I risultati mostrano che l’uso della protesi di rivestimento totale è meno efficace in caso di presenza contemporanea di frattura della testa omerale o artrite e la lesione irreparabile della cuffia dei rotatori rispetto la protesi inversa. Nel terzo studio è affrontato lo scapular nothing, che pone un serio problema alla stabilità dell’impianto con il passare del temp

    Modern fluorescence-based concepts and methods to study biomolecular interactions

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    Molecular interactions are of high interest to molecular biologists because they help to understand the function and behavior of proteins and they can also contribute to the prediction of biological processes that a protein of unknown function is involved in. In fact, protein interactions are critical for many biological processes since they mediate most of the cellular functions. Molecular interactions include both stable associations of proteins within multi-subunit protein complexes and transient associations of biomolecules with a regulatory function. Currently several methods are used to investigate protein–protein interactions. Affinity purification methods combined with mass spectrometry experiments are the most used methods even if they allow the study of molecular interactions only in cellular lysates and not in intact cells. Super-resolution microscopy approaches are applied to study protein interactions in vivo, but these approaches still suffer from a lack of availability of highly bright and stable fluorescent probes as well as the diffusion effects of labeled molecules inside the cell matrix. It appears clear that each of the actual proposed methods has its own strengths and weaknesses, especially with regard to the possibility of revealing molecular interactions in large protein complexes or among different subunits of a large protein molecule. This review article reports on the development of strategies which appear as potential tools to monitor molecular interactions in complex real matrices for advanced diagnostic purposes. More specifically, the goal of this article is not to cover all proposed methods present in the literature to study molecular interactions in large protein complexes, but to highlight the advances in fluorescence spectroscopy, nanotechnology and probe chemistry to investigate molecular interactions
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