Um Modelo de descoberta de conhecimento inerente à evolução temporal dos relacionamentos entre elementos textuais

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento, Florianópolis, 2011Há algum tempo tem sido observado e discutido o aumento expressivo na quantidade de informação produzida e publicada pelo mundo. Se por um lado essa situação propicia muitas oportunidades de uso dessa informação para a tomada de decisão, por outro, lança muitos desafios em como armazenar, recuperar e transformar essa informação em conhecimento. Umas das formas de descoberta de conhecimento que tem atraído atenção de pesquisadores é a análise dos relacionamentos presentes nas informações disponíveis. Não obstante, devido à grande velocidade de criação de novos conteúdos a dimensão tempo torna-se uma propriedade intrínseca e relevante presente nestas fontes de informação. Assim, o objetivo é desenvolver um modelo para descoberta de conhecimento a partir de informações não estruturadas analisando a evolução dos relacionamentos entre os elementos textuais ao longo do tempo. O modelo proposto é dividido por fases, assim como os modelos tradicionais de descoberta de conhecimento. As fases deste modelo são: configuração dos temas de análise, identificação das ocorrências dos conceitos, correlação e correlação temporal, associação e associação temporal, criação do repositório de temas de análise, e tarefas intensivas em conhecimento, com ênfase nos relacionamentos diretos e indiretos entre os conceitos do domínio. A demonstração de viabilidade é realizada por meio de um protótipo baseado no modelo proposto e sua aplicação em um estudo de caso. É realizada também uma análise comparativa do modelo proposto com outros modelos de descoberta de conhecimento em textos

Um método de tradução de fontes de informação em um formato padrão que viabilize a extração de conhecimento por meio de link analysis e teoria dos grafos

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.O conhecimento tem se configurado como um recurso estratégico nas organizações. Para elas, gerar, codificar, gerir e disseminar o conhecimento organizacional tornaram-se tarefas essenciais. Logo, é necessário o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas, metodologias e formas de extração de conhecimento a partir de fontes de informação que descrevem um domínio de aplicação. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é propor um método que permita traduzir fontes de informação em um formato padrão de representação de relacionamentos entre elementos do domínio do problema, de forma a viabilizar a extração de conhecimento por meio da aplicação de Link Analysis e Teoria dos Grafos. Além disso, são apresentadas duas aplicações desse modelo na Plataforma Lattes de CT&I

Novel Protein-Protein Interactions Inferred from Literature Context

We have developed a method that predicts Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) based on the similarity of the context in which proteins appear in literature. This method outperforms previously developed PPI prediction algorithms that rely on the conjunction of two protein names in MEDLINE abstracts. We show significant increases in coverage (76% versus 32%) and sensitivity (66% versus 41% at a specificity of 95%) for the prediction of PPIs currently archived in 6 PPI databases. A retrospective analysis shows that PPIs can efficiently be predicted before they enter PPI databases and before their interaction is explicitly described in the literature. The practical value of the method for discovery of novel PPIs is illustrated by the experimental confirmation of the inferred physical interaction between CAPN3 and PARVB, which was based on frequent co-occurrence of both proteins with concepts like Z-disc, dysferlin, and alpha-actinin. The relationships between proteins predicted by our method are broader than PPIs, and include proteins in the same complex or pathway. Dependent on the type of relationships deemed useful, the precision of our method can be as high as 90%. The full set of predicted interactions is available in a downloadable matrix and through the webtool Nermal, which lists the most likely interaction partners for a given protein. Our framework can be used for prioritizing potential interaction partners, hitherto undiscovered, for follow-up studies and to aid the generation of accurate protein interaction maps

A análise de redes de colaboração científica sob as novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação: um estudo na Plataforma Lattes

Scientific networks have fostered knowledge creation and the innovation process by means of information interchange and mainly by the combination of competences of different groups searching for common goals. In this paper we outline the chronology and review the main approaches to study collaborative scientific networks. More specifically the article addresses the possibilities brought by the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to scientific network research by discussing examples of knowledge systems from the Lattes Platform: Egressos (Alumni), Colaboradores (Collaborators), and Redes-GP (Research Group Networks). Those systems allow for the realization, with wide amounts of data, of social network analysis, both using algorithms from the literature and creating new approaches brought about by the ICTs

Urban stormwater management from the perspective of nature-based solutions: a bibliometric review

This study brings a systematic review that evaluated 43 articles on Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) applied to stormwater management in urban areas. This review aims to establish a reference on NBS effectively applied and whose environmental, social, and economic benefits have been duly discussed. The results address 13 NBS techniques/methodologies implemented and their ecosystem benefits. Our findings suggest that the multifunctional nature of NBS makes it challenging to categorize environmental services and social benefits since there are multiple interactions and scales among the various benefits of NBS. Most studies have made greater efforts in approaches that use modeling, test benches, and/or laboratory facilities. However, although they work well for their purposes, there is no guarantee that the benefits will be maintained when applied on a full scale. We concluded that only a few studies scientifically evaluated the performance of installed NBS infrastructures, almost all in developed countries.</p

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions forecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosys-tem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts withdomestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their fulldistribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae(3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data onDasypus pilo-sus(Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized,but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In thisdata paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence andquantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is fromthe southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of theNeotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regardinganteaters,Myrmecophaga tridactylahas the most records (n=5,941), andCyclopessp. havethe fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data isDasypus novemcinctus(n=11,588), and the fewest data are recorded forCalyptophractus retusus(n=33). Withregard to sloth species,Bradypus variegatushas the most records (n=962), andBradypus pyg-maeushas the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to makeoccurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly ifwe integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, andNeotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure,habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possiblewith the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data inpublications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are usingthese data

Neotropical xenarthrans: a dataset of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics.

International audienceXenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions forecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosys-tem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts withdomestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their fulldistribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae(3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data onDasypus pilo-sus(Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized,but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In thisdata paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence andquantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is fromthe southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of theNeotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regardinganteaters,Myrmecophaga tridactylahas the most records (n=5,941), andCyclopessp. havethe fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data isDasypus novemcinctus(n=11,588), and the fewest data are recorded forCalyptophractus retusus(n=33). Withregard to sloth species,Bradypus variegatushas the most records (n=962), andBradypus pyg-maeushas the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to makeoccurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly ifwe integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, andNeotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure,habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possiblewith the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data inpublications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are usingthese data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data