Cavity effects on the Fermi velocity renormalization in a graphene sheet

Recently, in the literature, it was shown that the logarithmic renormalization of the Fermi velocity in a plane graphene sheet (which, in turn, is related to the Coulombian static potential associated to electrons in the sheet) is inhibited by the presence of a single parallel conducting plate. In the present paper, we investigate the situation of a suspended graphene sheet in a cavity formed by two conducting plates parallel to the sheet. The effect of a cavity on the interaction between electrons in the graphene is not merely the addition of the effects of each plate individually. From this, one can expect that the inhibition of the renormalization of the Fermi velocity generated by a cavity is not a mere addition of the inhibition induced by each single plate. In other words, the simple addition of the result for the inhibition of the renormalization of the Fermi velocity found in the literature for a single plate could not be used to predict the exact behavior of the inhibition for the graphene between two plates. Here, we show that, in fact, this is what happens and calculate how the presence of a cavity formed by two conducting plates parallel to the suspended graphene sheet amplifies, in a non-additive manner, the inhibition of the logarithmic renormalization of the Fermi velocity. In the limits of a single plate and no plates, our formulas recover those found in the literature.This work was partially supported by the following Brazilian Agencies: Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). E. C. Marino was partially supported by CNPq and FAPERJ. D. T. Alves was partially supported by CAPES via Programa Estagio Senior no Exterior - Processo 88881.119705/2016-01, by CNPq via Processos 461826/2014-3 (Edital Universal) and 311920/2014-4 (Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa), and also thanks Jaime Santos, Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy, Nuno M. R. Peres and Yuliy Bludov for useful discussions, as well as the hospitality of the Centro de Fisica, Universidade do Minho, Braga - Portugal. V. S. Alves acknowledges CNPq for support through Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa n. 312654/2017-0. The authors also thank Ygor P. Silva for useful comments

Validez de Diagnósticos de Enfermería para personas en condiciones renales crónicas en tratamiento conservador

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate Nursing Diagnoses statements of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) aimed at the care of people with chronic kidney conditions undergoing conservative treatment. Method: This is a methodological research structured in sequenced construction stages, cross-mapping, content validation by the Delphi Technique by specialist nurses, and categorization of Nursing Diagnoses. Results: Forty-two specialist nurses participated in the first round and 34 in the second. A total of 179 Nursing Diagnoses statements were prepared, categorized according to Roy’s adaptation model, of which 160 were validated for content, with Content Validity Index ≥ 0.80. Conclusion: The Diagnoses developed and validated show the modes of adaptation to health of people with chronic kidney conditions undergoing conservative treatment, influenced by biological, psychological, social, and cultural needs, with the Physiological Mode being the most prevalent.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Atividade tripanocida de flavonoides e limonoides isolados de extratos ativos de plantas de Myrsinaceae e Meliaceae

The activity of crude extracts of three Rapanea species (Myrsinaceae) and Cipadessa fruticosa (Meliaceae) was evaluated in vitro against the trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Thirty-three extracts from different organs of these species were assayed and eleven of them showed significant activity (lysis % >50). The fractionation of an active extract from branches of R. lancifolia (99.5%) led to the isolation of two flavonoids: quercetin and taxifolin, which have weak trypanocidal activity. Additionally, one active extract from fruits of C. fruticosa (97.7%) afforded mexicanolide limonoids: cipadesin, mexicanolide, febrifugin and cipadesin A, that were slightly active on T. cruzi. Moreover, other two flavonoids (flavone and 7-methoxyflavone), previously assayed against T. cruzi, were isolated from the hexane extract from branches of C. fruticosa (100%). The results presented here suggest that the plants evaluated could be a source of new active compounds against T. cruzi.A atividade de extratos brutos de três espécies de Rapanea (Myrsinaceae) e de Cipadessa fruticosa (Meliaceae) foi avaliada in vitro contra formas tripomastigotas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Foram obtidos 33 extratos de diferentes órgãos das espécies estudadas, sendo que onze deles apresentaram atividades significantes (% de lise > 50) nos ensaios realizados. O fracionamento de um extrato ativo dos galhos de R. lancifolia (99,5%) resultou no isolamento de dois flavonoides (quercetina e taxifolina), que apresentaram baixa atividade tripanocida. De um extrato ativo dos frutos de C. fruticosa (97,7%) foram isolados os limonoides mexicanolídeos cipadesina, mexicanolídeo, febrifugina e cipadesina A, que foram moderadamente ativos sobre T. cruzi. Além disso, outros dois flavonoides (flavona e 7-metoxiflavona), previamente ensaiados contra T. cruzi, foram isolados do extrato hexânico dos galhos de C. fruticosa (100%). Os resultados obtidos aqui sugerem que as plantas avaliadas podem constituir fontes de novas substâncias ativas sobre o T. cruzi.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES)FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projeto

Acute Strenuous Exercise Induces an Imbalance on Histone H4 Acetylation/Histone Deacetylase 2 and Increases the Proinflammatory Profile of PBMC of Obese Individuals

This study evaluated the response of global histone H4 acetylation (H4ac), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) activity, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines and monocyte phenotypes of lean and obese males after exercise. Ten lean and ten obese sedentary men were submitted to one session of strenuous exercise, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Global H4ac levels, HDAC2 activity in PBMC, and IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α production were analyzed. Monocyte phenotype was determined in accordance with the expression of CD14 and CD16. At rest, obese individuals presented higher frequency of proinflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocytes. LPS induced a significant augment in global H4ac and in the production of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α mainly in obese individuals. After exercise, the increased production of IL-8 and TNF-α and peripheral frequency of CD14+CD16+ were observed in both groups. In addition, exercise also induced a significant hyperacetylation of histone H4 and decreased HDAC2 activity in both nonstimulated and LPS-stimulated PBMC of obese individuals. Our data indicate that the obesity impacts on H4ac levels and that strenuous exercise leads to an enhanced chronic low-grade inflammation profile in obesity via an imbalance on H4ac/HDAC2

Determination of Kresoxim-Methyl in Water and in Grapes by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Using PhotochemicalInduced Fluorescence and Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME)

A high-performance chromatographic method was developed to determine the fungicide kresoxim-methyl. Off-line photochemical derivatization was used to induce the formation of a stable and fluorescent product since the fungicide does not present natural fluorescence. Intense fluorescence at 370/430nm was achieved by treating the analyte in solution at pH 6 to ultraviolet light for 45s. The chromatographic conditions included isocratic elution with 50/ 50% (v/v) acetonitrile/water and the photochemical product appeared at a retention time of 7.2min. The short and long term stabilities of the photoproduct were evaluated and variation of less than 5% was achieved. The limits of detection in water samples and in grapes samples were 0.019mg kg1 and 0.065mg kg1 of kresoxim-methyl residue, respectively. The linear response covered three orders of magnitude up to 10.6mg kg1 of kresoxim-methyl. The robustness was evaluated through a Box–Behnken experimental design showing the insignificance of all factors and their interactions. The potential interference of tebuconazole for the determination of kresoxim-methyl was studied. The use of the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) allowed recoveries between 80% and 101% depending on concentration with the minimum generation of waste products

Busca de inibidores da enzima glicossomal gliceraldeído 3-fosfato desidrogenase de Trypanosoma cruzi

The inhibitory activity of crude extracts of Meliaceae and Rutaceae plants on glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) enzyme from Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated at 100 μg/mL. Forty-six extracts were tested and fifteen of them showed significant inhibitory activity (IA % > 50). The majority of the assayed extracts of Meliaceae plants (Cedrela fissilis, Cipadessa fruticosa and Trichilia ramalhoi) showed high ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity. The fractionation of the hexane extract from branches of C. fruticosa led to the isolation of three flavonoids: flavone, 7-methoxyflavone and 3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone. The two last compounds showed high ability to inhibit the gGAPDH activity. Therefore, the assayed Meliaceae species could be considered as a promising source of lead compounds against Chagas' disease.Nesse trabalho foi avaliada a atividade inibitória sobre a enzima glicossomal gliceraldeído-3-fosfato desidrogenase de T. cruzi (gGAPDH) de extratos vegetais oriundos de plantas das famílias Meliaceae e Rutaceae, na concentração de 100 μg/mL. Foram testados 46 extratos, dos quais 15 apresentaram atividade inibitória significativa (% AI > 50). A maioria dos extratos de plantas da família Meliaceae (Cedrela fissilis, Cipadessa fruticosa e Trichilia ramalhoi) apresentou grande potencial em inibir a atividade enzimática. O fracionamento do extrato hexânico dos galhos de C. fruticosa permitiu o isolamento de três flavonóides: flavona, 7-metoxiflavona e 3',4',5',5,7-pentametoxiflavona. Os dois últimos foram ativos na inibição da atividade de gGAPDH. Desta forma, as três espécies de Meliaceae testadas podem ser consideradas promissoras na busca de compostos protótipos para o controle da doença de Chagas.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES)FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projeto

Age difference of patients with and without invasive aspergillosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening fungal disease with significant mortality rates. Timely diagnosis and treatment greatly enhance patient outcomes. This study aimed to explore the association between patient age and the development of IA, as well as the potential implications for risk stratification strategies. Methods: We searched National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases for publications until October 2023 containing age characteristics of patients with and without IA. A random-effects model with the application of inverse-variance weighting was used to pool reported estimates from each study, and meta-regression and subgroup analyses were utilized to assess sources of heterogeneity. Results: A systematic review was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of 55 retrospective observational studies with a total of 13,983 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that, on average, patients with IA were approximately two and a half years older (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.84–3.31 years; I2 = 26.1%) than those without the disease (p < 0.0001). No significant moderators could explain the observed heterogeneity in age difference. However, subgroup analysis revealed that age differences were more pronounced within particular patient groups compared to others. For example, patients with and without IA who had primary severe lung infections exhibited a greater difference in mean age than other patient cohorts. Conclusions: Further research, such as individual patient data meta-analysis, is necessary to better understand the potential relationship between increasing age and the likelihood of IA. Improved risk stratification strategies based on patient age could potentially enhance the early detection and treatment of IA, ultimately improving patient outcomes

PROPOSTA DE REFORMULAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL PARA AS ESCOLAS QUE VISITAM O PARQUE ESTADUAL DA CANTAREIRA - SP

O presente trabalho, desenvolvido no Parque Estadual da Cantareira, apresenta uma proposta de elaboração de um programa dá educação ambiental integrando- se coordenadores, monitores e estagiários. Utilizou-se metodologias de trabalho em equipe visando apresentar uma proposta realista e eficaz comprometida com a realidade dos estudantes que visitam o parque. A programação procurou envolver as vãrias realidades: dos estudantes, do parque e da equipe do programa de liso público, colocando o segundo como parte integrante da Grande São Paulo

Interaction and observation, categorically

This paper proposes to use dialgebras to specify the semantics of interactive systems in a natural way. Dialgebras are a conservative extension of coalgebras. In this categorical model, from the point of view that we provide, the notions of observation and interaction are separate features. This is useful, for example, in the specification of process equivalences, which are obtained as kernels of the homomorphisms of dialgebras. As an example we present the asynchronous semantics of the CCS.Comment: In Proceedings ICE 2011, arXiv:1108.014