Cooperating Teachers’ Knowledge, Belief and Commitment to Their Mentoring Role of PGDT (Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching) Trainees: The Case of Cooperating Teachers in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

The purpose of this study was to investigate cooperating teachers’ knowledge, beliefs and commitment of mentoring PGDT trainees of Bahir Dar University. Adopting descriptive survey design, the study took 43 cooperating teachers using stratified random sampling procedure. The findings indicated that cooperating teachers had adequate knowledge of the goals and processes of mentoring but have limited belief in the impact of mentoring on the professional disposition of student-teachers. Furthermore, the result revealed that cooperating teachers did not view mentoring as an opportunity for professional development. Consequently, the situation requires that cooperating teachers need tailored training on mentoring and the need for consolidating the collaboration between university tutors and cooperating teachers was suggested as possible recommendations. Keywords:  PGDT, Mentoring, Cooperating Teachers. DOI: 10.7176/JCSD/47-04 Publication date: April 30th 201

An Insight into teacher self-efficacy belief of PGDT (Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching) Trainees: Implications for Ethiopian Secondary School Teacher Education Program

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the state of PGDT (Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching) trainees’ self-efficacy beliefs and the factors that contributed to its development with particular emphasis to PGDT trainees of Dilla University. The participants included 112 PGDT trainees who were selected using stratified random sampling. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaire which was eventually analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics such as independent sample t-test, one sample t-test, one way ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The finding indicated that trainees have marginally average level of efficacy. It was also found that attitude to teaching (β= .573, t=10.129,

Productivity, land–use efficiency and competition in bread wheat-sweet lupine intercropping system under additive series in Northwest Ethiopia

Food production on continuously declining agricultural land to feed the ever-increasing population is a severe issue in Ethiopia. The present study was therefore initiated to evaluate inter and intra-row spacing on yield performance, land-use efficiency and competition in bread wheat-sweet lupine additive series intercropping system. Field experiments were conducted for 2 years in Adet and Debre Tabor experimental sites. The treatments consisted of three inter-rows spacing and 3 intra-rows spacing of sweet lupine. Moreover, the sole crop of wheat and lupine were also included as controls. The experiments were laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the combination of 20 cm inter-row spacing with 10 cm intra-row spacing of sweet lupine in bread wheat-sweet lupine intercropping system gave the highest total yield of 4.36 t ha-1 and 4.75 t ha-1 at Adet and Debre Tabor respectively; the land equivalent ratio of 1.43 and 1.57 at Adet and Debre Tabor respectively. System productivity index of 4.96 and 5.88 at Adet and Debre Tabor respectively. Gross monetary value of 2511.26 and 2752.19 USD ha-1 at Adet and Debre Tabor experimental sites respectively. Gross monetary value was generally higher for intercrops than sole cropping systems in both locations; it is linked to intercropping yield and economic benefits compared to sole cropping. Farmers in the study area and areas with similar agroecology are recommended to intercrop sweet lupine with bread wheat at 20 cm inter-row spacing with 10 cm intra-row spacing of sweet lupine

Variation of Ultrasonic Renal Volume between Hypertensive and Non-Hypertensive Individuals in Relation to Body Size Parameters

BACKGROUND፡ Estimation of renal size is vital for the diagnosis of abnormal structural change on the kidneys due to the adverse effects of chronic diseases like hypertension. This study evaluated renal volume by ultrasound in relation to body size parameters, notably body mass index (BMI) and body surface area(BSA) in hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals.METHODS: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from February to September 2018 at the Radiology department of the Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC). The study included consecutively selected samples of 85ambulatory hypertensive patients and 60non-hypertensive controls recruited consecutively on voluntary basis. After receiving verbal consent, each subject underwent abdominal ultrasound examination and length, width and thickness of both kidneys were measured and used for estimation of renal volume. The statistical evaluation included independent samples t-tests for mean differences with regard to ultrasonic renal measurements between hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups.RESULTS: A total of 145 adults aged 16 - 80 years (mean ±SD=44 ±17) participated in the study. In the hypertensive group, mean renal volume of 97.7cm3 for the right kidney and104.4cm3 for the left kidney whereas in the control group, it was 101.1cm3 for the right and 111.8 cm3 for the left kidney. The mean right renal volume to BSA ratio was 58.2cm3/m2 in hypertensive group, while it was 62.6cm3/m2 among the control group (p=0.076). The mean left renal volume to BSA of the patients was 62.2cm3/m2 and significantly (p=0.012) lower than that of the non-hypertensive group, which was 69.3 cm3/m2.CONCLUSION: Slightly smaller bilateral renal volume among hypertensive patients as compared the controls was obtained

Diversification of Livelihoods through Date Palm Production in Agro-Pastoral Areas of Afar Region, Ethiopia

Background: Date palm is the oldest fruit tree which is mostly cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas. This study aims to assess the contribution of date palm production in livelihood promotion of agro-pastoral regions of Afar, Ethiopia. The primary data were generated from questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions and observation. Date palm producers were selected purposively while individuals were selected randomly from 117 samples households. Secondary data were also used. Results: For the purpose of analysis, descriptive statistics for quantitative and narration for qualitative data were applied for analysis. Date palm production covered about 10-30 % of the food demands of 95,5 % households in the study area where most of the date palm producing households (88,9 %) consumed about 0,25-1,99 gm of date palm per day. Moreover, the primary income source for the majority of date palm producers is obtained from date palm production. Palm trees and its different parts are used to construct houses, bed frames, bridges and especially the leaves are used as a raw material to make baskets, fans, ropes, sacks and other materials. Conclusion: Capacity building on the economic importance and agronomic and management practices of date palm to all stakeholders is recommended

The Burden of Internal Conflict on Expanded Programs on Immunization in Northwest Ethiopia: Implementation Science Study

AbstractBackground: Despite the rapid progress in immunization service delivery systems worldwide, populations in areas of conflict often have limited or no access to lifesaving vaccines. Hence, evidence generation and translation for context-specific strategies and tailored action would be important, before, during and after an acute humanitarian emergency.Aim: To explore factors affecting immunization service delivery during and after conflict among internally displaced communities in Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Qualitative and quantitative (record review) methods were applied, phenomenological study design and in-depth interviews were applied to collect the lived experiences of participants in the affected areas. Transcribed and translated data were analyzed and thematized using open code software. A Twenty-four-month record review of quantitative data was analyzed descriptively using an excel sheet to develop immunization coverage trends for tracer antigens.Results: We found that the immunization program had seriously deteriorated during and after the conflict in the study area. The monthly EPI service report in the affected areas showed a decline with the lowest records in December and January when the internal conflict was peak. Security problems, displacement of health workers, destruction of health infrastructures, mixing of the displaced community in the host community and poor coordination among stakeholders and partners, clients having other emergent needs and shortages of resources were important factors for immunization services.Conclusion: Vaccination service delivery was found to have significantly declined in the study area. Security problems affected not only the service utilizers but also the service providers’ wing as well. Coordination of stakeholders and strong leadership systems are crucial in maintaining optimum vaccination service delivery even at the time of conflict. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2021; 35(SI-3):39-48]Key words: Conflict, internally displaced, Immunization service