The selection of optimal smoothing parameter for hybrid experimental-numerical photoelastic experiment

A strategy for the selection of optimal smoothing parameter for hybrid experimental-numerical photoelastic experiment is proposed in this paper. This is not a straightforward procedure for photoelastic analysis since conventional finite element techniques are based on the approximation of nodal displacements, not stresses. Although the displacements are continuous at inter-element boundaries, the calculated stresses are discontinuous due to the operation of differentiation

The selection of optimal smoothing parameter for hybrid experimental-numerical photoelastic experiment

A strategy for the selection of optimal smoothing parameter for hybrid experimental-numerical photoelastic experiment is proposed in this paper. This is not a straightforward procedure for photoelastic analysis since conventional finite element techniques are based on the approximation of nodal displacements, not stresses. Although the displacements are continuous at inter-element boundaries, the calculated stresses are discontinuous due to the operation of differentiation

Arts Education of Pupils with Special Educational Needs: Objectives and Principles

Nepriklausomybės laikotarpiu prasidėjusią neįgaliųjų integraciją Lietuvoje keičia įtraukiojo (inkliuzinio) ugdymo poreikis. Atliekami moksliniai tyrimai, analizuojantys, kaip keičiasi visuomenės požiūris į negalią turinčius žmones, tiriama meno įtaka neįgaliųjų socializacijai, stiprinama juridinė šių asmenų ugdymo bazė. Meninio ugdymo dalykai (muzika, dailė, šokis, teatras) taip pat padeda ugdyti mokinių kompetencijas, reikalingas mokymuisi ir bendravimui, kūrybingai saviraiškai, komunikacijai ir individo vidinei darnai. Straipsnio tikslas – pasitelkiant mokslinės literatūros analizės metodą išryškinti specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių meninio ugdymo tikslus ir principus.Changes in society, democratisation of education enable to shift towards persons with disabilities, in order to integrate them into society without causing discomfort neither the person, nor those around him. Categorization of disabilities and disorders according to medical criteria does not meet the educational objectives of pupils with special educational needs, as both developmental disorders and learning difficulties create the variety of abilities, needs and interests of pupils in the class. Such variety refers to school for all pupils, to involving (inclusive) education. According to the results of surveys, although the pupils with special educational needs are involved in general education, the teacher still remains alone with his philosophy and methods, without being offered an opportunity for cooperation, consultancy support, which is one of conditions for success in the involving (inclusive) education. Lack of systematic research is still observed, which brings out the didactics issues of art education of pupils with special educational needs, therefore, the analysed scientific problem is relevant. The objectives of special art education are focused not only on the pupils having special educational needs, but also to the surrounding people – teachers, classmates, family, society, and even more, to their mutual interactions. Such change of didactic goals reveals the new art education principles. The subjects of the article are the didactic goals and principles, educating the pupils with special needs by art. Applying the method of analysis of the scientific literature, the article reveals the research of the world and Lithuanian scientists in the field of special art pedagogy and theoretically justifies six principles of art education: art education focused on the emotionally positive interaction between the learner and teacher, directed to the learner’s family and society; art education is of moral aspect; content of art education is integral and perceived; educational methods are applied in complex; in the process of art education the verbal and nonverbal reflections predominate; art education is personally and socially meaningful for the pupils with special educational needs

Operational Risk Assessment and Management in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

Modern organizations have raised a need to actively and quickly react to the changes in external business environment, as well as in internal processes considering not only the present situation, but also evaluating possible changes and forecasting the future. Enterprise risk assessment and management, which is strongly related with foreseeing the uncertain future, becomes topical not only scientifically, but also practically seeking to reveal new and unique solutions. Operational risk management in small and medium enterprises, creating the largest part of value added in the whole European Union, demands a separate attention and coordinated decisions and means. The objective of the paper – to analyse the process of enterprise risk management in small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as to propose adequate risk management solutions for these companies. After performing a research, it was found out that small and medium enterprises more than big organizations require a risk management strategy and methodology, need to distinguish activity objectives and events influencing them, and they can efficiently apply a risk portfolio method to manage risk. In small and medium enterprises it is recommended to incorporate a risk management system based on COSO ERM model that can be modified depending on company needs and possibilities, turning it into less formal and structured and easily applicable. Įmonės veiklos rizikos vertinimas ir valdymas mažose ir vidutinėse įmonėse Santrauka Pažangių organizacijų veikloje atsirado poreikis aktyviai ir operatyviai reaguoti į pokyčius išorinėje verslo aplinkoje ir vidiniuose procesuose, atsižvelgiant ne tik į esamą padėtį, bet ir siekiant įvertinti galimus pokyčius, prognozuoti ateitį. Įmonės veiklos rizikos vertinimas ir valdymas, glaudžiai susijęs su neapibrėžtos ateities numatymu, tampa aktualus ne tik moksliniu požiūriu, bet ir praktiškai siekiant atrasti naujus ir unikalius sprendimus. Veiklos rizikos valdymas mažose ir vidutinėse įmonėse, kurios sukuria daugiausia pridėtinės vertės Europos Sąjungoje, reikalauja atskiro dėmesio ir suderintų sprendimų bei priemonių. Straipsnio tiks­las – išanalizuoti veiklos rizikos valdymo procesą mažose ir vidutinėse įmonėse, pasiūlyti šioms įmonėms tinkamus rizikos valdymo sprendimus. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad mažoms ir vidutinėms įmonėms labiau nei didelėms organizacijoms svarbu turėti rizikos valdymo strategiją ir metodiką, išskirti veiklos tikslus ir juos veikiančius įvykius, tikslinga pritaikyti rizikų portfelio metodą rizikai valdyti. Mažose ir vidutinėse įmonėse rekomenduojama diegti rizikos valdymo sistemą remiantis COSO ERM modeliu, kurią galima koreguoti atsižvelgiant į įmonės poreikius ir galimybes, paverčiant ją mažiau formalia ir struktūrizuota bei lengviau pritaikoma. Reikšminiai žodžiai: rizika,rizikos valdymas, rizikos analizė ir vertinimas, rizikos valdymo modelis, COSO ERM, ISO

Awakening Games Genre of Lithuanian Dancing Folklore: the Aspects of Education and Therapy

Šiandien liaudies kultūrą vertiname ne tik kaip išsaugotą kultūros paveldą, bet ir kaip prioritetinį bei reikšmingą mokomąjį dalyką. Tai užtikrina Etninės kultūros ugdymo metodinės rekomendacijos ikimokyklinio, priešmokyklinio ir pradinio ugdymo pedagogams; Etninės kultūros ugdymo pagrindinio ir vidurinio ugdymo bendrosios programos, patvirtintos LR švietimo ir mokslo ministro įsakymu 2012 m. balandžio 12 d. Nr. V-651. Tarptautinio mokslo pasaulyje liaudies kultūra yra suvokiama ir kaip vientisa sistema, ir kaip atskiros substruktūros, tyrinėjamos įvairiausiose pažinimo srityse. Viena iš substruktūrų – tai lietuvių liaudies žaidinimai, priskiriami šokamajam-žaidybiniam folkloro žanrui1. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamos žaidinimo taikymo galimybės tobulinant vaiko, turinčio specialiųjų poreikių, ugdymo ir terapijos metodikas.Lithuanian folk awakening games for babies and young age children are classified as dancing folklore genre. These are syncretic musical compositions of low volume, intended for infants and small children, which are performed vocalising and in action. This is child-friendly interactive action, which has a playful nature and is based on intensive movement. A rich range of possibilities is noticeable in Lithuanian folk awakening games, necessary for versatile child’s education / learning. Purpose of article: to disclose the application possibilities of awakening games in work with children, who have special needs: 1) achieving the training goals; 2) achieving the therapeutic goals. Research method: analysis suitability of children awakening games for education and therapy. Literature of different areas has been reviewed: ethnic culture, music therapy, dance-movement therapy, ethno therapy, developmental psychology, education and special education. It is also based on manuscripts material from the Archives: of Lithuanian Folk Culture Centre, Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Ethnomusicology Archive of Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre and on its expedition manuscripts material as well. Drawn conclusions: Lithuanian folk awakening games belong to minor genre of dancing folklore, which is expressed in syncretic musical compositions of low volume, has "encoded", not yet been researched, broad options of educational and therapeutic content, and can be purposefully used trying to respond to various individual or special needs of a child. Awakening games can be used in a child‘s education / self-training process for numerous, complementary factors, which stimulate development of a child: training of communication and language, promotion of environmental knowledge and acceptance of changes, shaping of positive behaviour, training of motility, development of playfulness and creativity skills. Lithuanian folk awakening games can be used in therapeutic process as an effective means of communication formation with a child and activation of its ability to imitate. While playing with a child, conditions are created naturally for its psychological security, self-esteem and confidence; self-expression, self-realization; reducing of its fears; relaxation and experience of pleasure and other. Awakening games are still important in contemporary culture for vertisale child’s development / self-formation and recommended to apply in Lithuanian families, as well as in working methodologies of a special educator, physical therapist, speech therapist, ergotherapist, psychologist and art therapist