Neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine: is there a correlation with clinical and radiological variants of myelopathy? Preliminary result of the analysis of a single-center cohort

Objective. To study the relationship between clinical and radiation variants of myelopathy and types of the neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract in patients with infectious spondylitis. Material and Methods. A single-center cohort observational study was conducted with the analysis of medical records and a prospective examination of 20 patients with infectious spondylitis complicated by neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract. Results. Infectious spondylitis can be complicated by the development of various urodynamic disorders, including neurogenic detrusor hyperactivity (30 %), its combination with detrusor-sphincter dissinergia (30 %) and a decrease in detrusor contractility (40 %). In 50 % of patients, an urodynamic examination revealed an increase in detrusor pressure of more than 40 cm water. There was no connection between the development of any type of lower urinary tract dysfunction and MRI types of myelopathy according to Vendatam, as well as between the level of spinal cord compression and the severity of neurological disorders according to AIS. Conclusion. The results of the study do not confirm the existence of a relationship between the various characteristics of myelopathy in infectious spondylitis and the results of urodynamic examination. The limitation of the reliability of the results is the small number of observations. Studies with a larger sample are required to assess the relationship between the clinical and radiation characteristics of myelopathy and variants of neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract in patients with infectious spondylitis

Ротавирусная инфекция у детей — нерешенная проблема. Обзор рекомендаций по вакцинопрофилактике

These clinical guidelines were developed by the professional association of pediatric specialists «Union of Pediatricians of Russia» and approved by the Association’s Executive Committee at the Congress of Pediatricians of Russia «Actual Problems of Pediatrics». Clinical guidelines are devoted to the problem of rotavirus infection, the relevance of which is determined by the high prevalence level and significant contribution of infectious diarrhea to the mortality pattern of children in the first 5 years of life. We present epidemiological data and detailed information on the infectious agent and pathogenesis of rotavirus infection progression. A detailed picture of clinical manifestations as well as extraintestinal complications is presented. The approach to specific prophylaxis has been reasoned. Practical recommendations for immunization as well as various regimens for administering the vaccine, depending on the age and condition of the patient, are given.Данные клинические рекомендации разработаны профессиональной ассоциацией детских специалистов «Союз педиатров России» и утверждены Исполкомом ассоциации на Съезде педиатров России «Актуальные проблемы педиатрии». Клинические рекомендации посвящены проблеме ротавирусной инфекции, актуальность которой определяется высоким уровнем распространенности и значительным вкладом инфекционной диареи в структуру смертности детей первых 5 лет жизни. Приводятся эпидемиологические данные, подробно описаны особенности возбудителя, патогенез развития ротавирусной инфекции. Представлена развернутая картина клинических проявлений, а также внекишечных осложнений. Обоснована тактика специфической профилактики. Даны практические рекомендации по проведению иммунизации, а также различные схемы введения вакцины в зависимости от возраста и состояния пациента

Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of $t\overline{t}$, $W+b\overline{b}$ and $W+c\overline{c}$ is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 $\pm$ 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The $W$ bosons are reconstructed in the decays $W\rightarrow\ell\nu$, where $\ell$ denotes muon or electron, while the $b$ and $c$ quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

Measurement of forward W→eνW\to e\nu production in pppp collisions at s=8 \sqrt{s}=8\,TeV

A measurement of the cross-section for $W \to e\nu$ production in $pp$ collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $2\,$fb$^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=8\,$TeV. The electrons are required to have more than $20\,$GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive $W$ production cross-sections, where the $W$ decays to $e\nu$, are measured to be \begin{align*} \begin{split} \sigma_{W^{+} \to e^{+}\nu_{e}}&=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\,\mathrm{pb},\\ \sigma_{W^{-} \to e^{-}\bar{\nu}_{e}}&=\,\,\,809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm\,\,\,7.0\pm \phantom{0}9.4\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{split} \end{align*} where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination. Differential cross-sections as a function of the electron pseudorapidity are measured. The $W^{+}/W^{-}$ cross-section ratio and production charge asymmetry are also reported. Results are compared with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Finally, in a precise test of lepton universality, the ratio of $W$ boson branching fractions is determined to be \begin{align*} \begin{split} \mathcal{B}(W \to e\nu)/\mathcal{B}(W \to \mu\nu)=1.020\pm 0.002\pm 0.019, \end{split} \end{align*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.A measurement of the cross-section for $W \to e\nu$ production in $pp$ collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $2\,$fb$^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=8\,$TeV. The electrons are required to have more than $20\,$GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive $W$ production cross-sections, where the $W$ decays to $e\nu$, are measured to be \begin{equation*} \sigma_{W^{+} \to e^{+}\nu_{e}}=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma_{W^{-} \to e^{-}\bar{\nu}_{e}}=\,\,\,809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm\,\,\,7.0\pm \phantom{0}9.4\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{equation*} where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination. Differential cross-sections as a function of the electron pseudorapidity are measured. The $W^{+}/W^{-}$ cross-section ratio and production charge asymmetry are also reported. Results are compared with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Finally, in a precise test of lepton universality, the ratio of $W$ boson branching fractions is determined to be \begin{equation*} \mathcal{B}(W \to e\nu)/\mathcal{B}(W \to \mu\nu)=1.020\pm 0.002\pm 0.019, \end{equation*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.A measurement of the cross-section for W → eν production in pp collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb$^{−1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. The electrons are required to have more than 20 GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive W production cross-sections, where the W decays to eν, are measured to be ${\sigma}_{W^{+}\to {e}^{+}{\nu}_e}=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\kern0.5em \mathrm{p}\mathrm{b},$ ${\sigma}_{W^{-}\to {e}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_e}=809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm \kern0.5em 7.0\pm \kern0.5em 9.4\,\mathrm{p}\mathrm{b},$ where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination

Respiratory infections of combined etiology in the clinical practice of the pediatrician

Acute respiratory infections hold the leading position in the structure of infectious pathology in children and are one of the main reasons for visits to the doctor. Most often causative agents of acute respiratory infections are viruses. In recent years, respiratory infections of combined etiology are becoming an increasingly significant problem, the proportion of which is increasing.In co-infections, clinical diagnosis is difficult, which once again emphasizes the importance of the widespread introduction of highly sensitive etiological diagnostic methods, in particular polymerase chain reaction. Data on the tendency to a more severe course of co-infections compared to mono-infections are ambiguous, which seems to depend on the specific causative agent and the level of viral load. Another urgent problem of acute respiratory infections in children is the frequent registration of concomitant respiratory viral and herpes virus infections. The clinical picture of acute respiratory tract infections is not very diverse: fever, intoxication symptoms, cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat, etc. At the same time, pathognomonic symptoms can be identified in some monoinfections, but in coinfections such clinical diagnosis is difficult, suggesting the importance of etiological diagnosis, especially polymerase chain reaction (PCR).All of the above, as well as age and clinical manifestations largely determine the rational selection of antiviral therapy simultaneously effective against both respiratory viruses and herpes viruses. One such drug is Cycloferon, which has not only a broad antiviral spectrum, but also a high level of safety.Inclusion of an interferon inducer in the treatment of acute respiratory infections will reduce the need to prescribe other drugs, including antibiotics, and reduce the medication load on the body

Modern approaches to the prevention and rehydration therapy of antibiotic-associated diarrhea affected by ARI in children

The use of antibiotic drugs (ABDs) has significantly reduced the number of severe bacterial infectious diseases and mortality in children, especially in infants. But the widespread and unnecessary use of ABDs, including reserve antibiotics (the use of carbapenems increased by 45%, polymyxins  – by 13%), to treat uncomplicated acute respiratory infections is open to many hazards, such as increased antibiotic resistance of pathogens. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is one of the common complications of antibiotic therapy. According to various authors, the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea is 6–80% among patients treated with antibiotics, on average 35% of patients (approximately every third patient) receiving antibiotics report symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Disruptive changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota are accompanied by a decrease in the protective functions of the intestinal mucosa and contribute to the growth of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms (Clostridium spp., Candida spp., Salmonella spp., Staphyloccus aureus). The findings of most studies obtained on a large sample of paediatric population, as well as the clinical guidelines of the World Association of Gastroenterologists recommend the use of L. rhamnosus GGprobiotic strain (level of evidence 1) to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. L. rhamnosus GGpresents chromosomal resistance to a range of antibiotics, which varies with species and strain. They do not contain plasmid DNA, which is dangerous for the spread of antibiotic resistance among other bacteria, which enables their wide therapeutic and prophylactic use. Clinical case studies of the course of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children are presented to demonstrate the variability of clinical symptoms. Fever in children with ARI, particularly in tender-age infants, requires special attention from parents and doctors, as its main risk lies with a dehydration due to significant water loss during breathing, and especially increased sweating (including sweating induced by antipyretics). Therefore, oral rehydration therapy is an important method for treating infectious diseases in children. Complications that develop in patients, especially in children, after administration of antibiotics, diseases that can lead to water and electrolyte imbalance are life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Correction of water and electrolyte balance, timely restoration of intestinal microflora improve prognosis in such patients and promote faster recovery

Rotavirus Infection in Children is an Unsolved Problem. Review of Guidelines for Vaccinal Prevention

These clinical guidelines were developed by the professional association of pediatric specialists «Union of Pediatricians of Russia» and approved by the Association’s Executive Committee at the Congress of Pediatricians of Russia «Actual Problems of Pediatrics». Clinical guidelines are devoted to the problem of rotavirus infection, the relevance of which is determined by the high prevalence level and significant contribution of infectious diarrhea to the mortality pattern of children in the first 5 years of life. We present epidemiological data and detailed information on the infectious agent and pathogenesis of rotavirus infection progression. A detailed picture of clinical manifestations as well as extraintestinal complications is presented. The approach to specific prophylaxis has been reasoned. Practical recommendations for immunization as well as various regimens for administering the vaccine, depending on the age and condition of the patient, are given

Search for the lepton-flavour violating decays B0→K∗0μ±e∓B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^\pm e^\mp and Bs0→ϕμ±e∓B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp

A search for the lepton-flavour violating decays $B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^\pm e^\mp$ and $B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp$ is presented, using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$. No significant signals are observed and upper limits of \begin{align} {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^+ e^- ) &< \phantom{1}5.7\times 10^{-9}~(6.9\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^- e^+ ) &< \phantom{1}6.8\times 10^{-9}~(7.9\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^\pm e^\mp ) &< 10.1\times 10^{-9}~(11.7\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp ) &< 16.0\times 10^{-9}~(19.8\times 10^{-9}) \end{align} are set at $90\%~(95\%)$ confidence level. These results constitute the world's most stringent limits to date, with the limit on the decay $B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp$ the first being set. In addition, limits are reported for scalar and left-handed lepton-flavour violating New Physics scenarios.A search for the lepton-flavour violating decays B$^{0}$ → K$^{*0}$μ$^{±}$e$^{∓}$ and ${B}_s^0$→ ϕμ$^{±}$e$^{∓}$ is presented, using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{−1}$. No significant signals are observed and upper limits of${\displaystyle \begin{array}{c}\mathcal{B}\left({B}^0\to {K}^{\ast 0}{\mu}^{+}{e}^{-}\right)<5.7\times {10}^{-9}\left(6.9\times {10}^{-9}\right),\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({B}^0\to {K}^{\ast 0}{\mu}^{-}{e}^{+}\right)<6.8\times {10}^{-9}\left(7.9\times {10}^{-9}\right),\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({B}^0\to {K}^{\ast 0}{\mu}^{\pm }{e}^{\mp}\right)<10.1\times {10}^{-9}\left(11.7\times {10}^{-9}\right),\\ {}\mathcal{B}\left({B}_s^0\to \phi {\mu}^{\pm }{e}^{\mp}\right)<16.0\times {10}^{-9}\left(19.8\times {10}^{-9}\right)\end{array}}$are set at 90% (95%) confidence level. These results constitute the world’s most stringent limits to date, with the limit on the decay ${B}_s^0$→ ϕμ$^{±}$e$^{∓}$ the first being set. In addition, limits are reported for scalar and left-handed lepton-flavour violating New Physics scenarios.[graphic not available: see fulltext]A search for the lepton-flavour violating decays $B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^\pm e^\mp$ and $B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp$ is presented, using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$. No significant signals are observed and upper limits of \begin{align} {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^+ e^- ) &< \phantom{1}5.7\times 10^{-9}~(6.9\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^- e^+ ) &< \phantom{1}6.8\times 10^{-9}~(7.9\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^\pm e^\mp ) &< 10.1\times 10^{-9}~(11.7\times 10^{-9}),\newline {\cal B}( B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp ) &< 16.0\times 10^{-9}~(19.8\times 10^{-9}) \end{align} are set at $90\%~(95\%)$ confidence level. These results constitute the world's most stringent limits to date, with the limit on the decay $B_s^0 \to \phi \mu^\pm e^\mp$ the first being set. In addition, limits are reported for scalar and left-handed lepton-flavour violating New Physics scenarios

Associated production of prompt J/ψJ/\psi and Υ\mathit{\Upsilon} mesons in pppp collisions at s=13 TeV\sqrt{s}=13\,\mathrm{TeV}

International audienceThe associated production of prompt $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\mathit{\Upsilon}}$ mesons in $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13\,\mathrm{TeV}$ is studied using LHCb data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $4\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$. The measurement is performed for $J/\psi$ ($\mathit{\Upsilon}$) mesons with a transverse momentum $p_{\mathrm{T}}<10\,(30)\,\mathrm{GeV}/c$ in the rapidity range $2.0<y<4.5$. In this kinematic range, the cross-section of the associated production of prompt $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\Upsilon}(1S)$ mesons is measured to be $133 \pm 22 \pm 7 \pm 3 \, \mathrm{pb}$, with a significance of $7.9\,\sigma$, and that of prompt $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\Upsilon}(2S)$ mesons to be $76\pm 21 \pm 4 \pm 7 \, \mathrm{pb}$, with a significance of $4.9\,\sigma$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third due to uncertainties on the used branching fractions. This is the first observation of the associated production of $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\Upsilon}(1S)$ in proton-proton collisions. Differential cross-sections are measured as function of variables that are sensitive to kinematic correlations between the $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\Upsilon}(1S)$ mesons. The effective cross-sections of the associated production of prompt $J/\psi$ and $\mathit{\Upsilon}$ mesons are obtained and found to be compatible with measurements using other particle productions