Interacciones entre Procalus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) y Lithraea caustica (Sapindales, Anacardiaceae). Un caso de monofagia en el matorral de Chile central

Experiments and observations have been perfomed in order to show the effective dependence of Procalus (Chrysomelidae) beetles on Lithraea caustica (Anacardiaceae) shrubs in a preandean matorral site in Central Chile. Procalus insects, particularely P. viridis, are only found on L. caustica, even when they are not able to recognize their host plant while flying. This fact could be explained by the obsewation that beetles abandon L. caustica shrubs more slowly than other shrub species. This behavior of adults is coherent with lamae constraints because the latter feed only on L. caustica new leaves in spite of their previous alimentary experience. The above results support the idea that Procalus beetles are monophagous of L. caustica in the study site. Finally, as the phenology of L. caustica in the study site is highly unpredictable both intra and interannually, a possible phenological coupling mechanism is proposed to explain this monophagous relationship.En este trabajo se reafizan experimentos y observaciones con el proposito de mostrar el grado de dependencia de los coleópteros del género Procalus (Chrysomelidae) sobre el arbusto Lithraea caustica (Anacardiaceae) en un sector de matorral preandino en Chile central. Los resultados indican que los insectos del género Procalus, en particular P. viridis, no son capaces de reconocer su planta hospedadora en vuelo, aunque se distribuyen solo sobre L. caustica. Esto podria tener su explicación en el hecho de que los insectos abandonan los arbustos de L. caustica más lentamente de lo que lo hacen con otras especies arbustivas. Esta conducta de los adultos es coherente con las limitaciones biológicas de las lamas, pues éstas, tengan o no experiencia alimentaria previa, sólo se alimentan de hojas nuevas de L. caustica. Se muestra asila monofagia de Procalus por L. caustica en el lugar de estudio. Sin embargo, como la fenologia de L. caustica en el mismo lugar es altamente impredecible de año en año e incluso dentro del atio, se propone un posible mecanismo de acopiamiento fenológico entre los coleópteros del género Procalus y L. caustica

Interacciones entre Procalus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) y Lithraea caustica (Sapindales, Anacardiaceae). Un caso de monofagia en el matorral de Chile central

Experiments and observations have been perfomed in order to show the effective dependence of Procalus (Chrysomelidae) beetles on Lithraea caustica (Anacardiaceae) shrubs in a preandean matorral site in Central Chile. Procalus insects, particularely P. viridis, are only found on L. caustica, even when they are not able to recognize their host plant while flying. This fact could be explained by the obsewation that beetles abandon L. caustica shrubs more slowly than other shrub species. This behavior of adults is coherent with lamae constraints because the latter feed only on L. caustica new leaves in spite of their previous alimentary experience. The above results support the idea that Procalus beetles are monophagous of L. caustica in the study site. Finally, as the phenology of L. caustica in the study site is highly unpredictable both intra and interannually, a possible phenological coupling mechanism is proposed to explain this monophagous relationship.En este trabajo se reafizan experimentos y observaciones con el proposito de mostrar el grado de dependencia de los coleópteros del género Procalus (Chrysomelidae) sobre el arbusto Lithraea caustica (Anacardiaceae) en un sector de matorral preandino en Chile central. Los resultados indican que los insectos del género Procalus, en particular P. viridis, no son capaces de reconocer su planta hospedadora en vuelo, aunque se distribuyen solo sobre L. caustica. Esto podria tener su explicación en el hecho de que los insectos abandonan los arbustos de L. caustica más lentamente de lo que lo hacen con otras especies arbustivas. Esta conducta de los adultos es coherente con las limitaciones biológicas de las lamas, pues éstas, tengan o no experiencia alimentaria previa, sólo se alimentan de hojas nuevas de L. caustica. Se muestra asila monofagia de Procalus por L. caustica en el lugar de estudio. Sin embargo, como la fenologia de L. caustica en el mismo lugar es altamente impredecible de año en año e incluso dentro del atio, se propone un posible mecanismo de acopiamiento fenológico entre los coleópteros del género Procalus y L. caustica

Animal homosexuality : a biosocial perspective/ Poiani

558 hal.: ill, tab.; 24 cm

Behavioural oncology: psychological, communicative and social dimensions

Medical, educational, and public health efforts have reduced the spread of many major diseases, yet cancer perseveres, in spite of continuing research and improvements in practice. Especially promising among therapeutic strategies are ones that recognise patients as individuals with thoughts, feelings-and speech. Rooted in deep understanding of the mutual relationship between behavior and cancer, Behavioural Oncology combines extensive clinical wisdom and empirical data to illuminate the psychological, social, and existential aspects of cancer, and to offer a framework for empathic, patient-centered care. Chapters delve into the psychobiology of long-term illness, examining stress, pain, fatigue, sensory and sleep disturbances, and other quality of life issues as well as considerations of age, gender, culture, and comorbidity. The book's emphasis on linguistic and communicative aspects of cancer-and practical skills from respecting patient narratives to delivering bad news-adds necessary depth to concepts of the therapeutic relationship. In this way, the authors warn about overmedicalizing cases to the point of losing patient identity. Major areas of the coverage include: Biology and behavior in cancer prevention and suppression. The psychology of cancer patients: emotions, cognition, and personality Social dimensions, including stigma, coping, and social support Language, communication, and cross-cultural issues Existential, spiritual, and end-of-life concerns Doctor-patient relationships The psychological benefits of complementary therapies Bringing new scope and substance to familiar mind/body constructs, Behavioural Oncology is a definitive reference for a spectrum of healthcare professionals, among them health and clinical psychologists, oncologists and family physicians, oncology nurses, and clinical social workers. Its discussion questions and summaries make it a suitable text for undergraduate and graduate courses in related topics