Análisis de la ética periodística de RPP durante dos entrevistas en relación al enfoque de género, 2017

Esta investigación parte de la problemática relacionada a la ética periodística, en particular analiza en caso de dos entrevistas realizadas en RPP sobre el enfoque de género el año 2017. Nuestra investigación esta enmarcada en una problemática actual ya que desde hace varios años viene discutiéndose el papel de los medios de comunicación en torno a temas que movilizan a la sociedad. Con esto tenemos que el objetivo principal de esta investigación fue analizar cuál es el manejo de la ética periodística en RPP en dos entrevistas sobre el enfoque de género, 2017. Para conseguir nuestro objetivo se aplicó un diseño de estudio de caso dentro de un enfoque cualitativo, usando la técnica de entrevistas a especialistas del área de comunicación y periodismo, obteniendo como resultado que no hubo un manejo responsable sobre el enfoque de género y esta deficiencia afecta a la percepción de ética periodística bajo el cual opera el medio de comunicación. Por lo tanto se concluye que la falta de conocimiento sobre el tema, ocasionaron faltas en el código de ética que promueven para la difusión de sus contenidos, en donde los periodistas tienen la responsabilidad de respetar todas las opiniones expuestas durante su labor informativa

Vivências e sentidos do uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas: a ótica de usuários da rede de atenção psicossocial

This is a descriptive, exploratory study, of qualitative approach, to know in depth the experience of people in harmful use of alcohol and other drugs linked to points of care of the Psychosocial Care Network of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The sample was intentional by saturation, gathering thirteen adult participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and then analyzed according to Bardin's thematic content analysis, resulting in four categories: losses and failure in life; guilt; life and death dualism - from ashes to phoenix; relapse. It was evident that the harmful use of alcohol and other drugs refers to losses in the family, housing, work, dignity; to the meanings of destruction and failure. Relapse is seen as failure and sin, echoed by guilt, impotence, self-stigma. The suffering goes through the tightrope of life and the unsuccessful attempts to search for care; it reverberates in the loss of the meaning of life and suicidal behavior; or, in the exhibition of faith and resilience (with a form of resistance, re-existence), vivifying hope-equilibrist.Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de abordaje cualitativo, para conocer en profundidad la experiencia de personas en uso perjudicial de alcohol y otras drogas vinculadas a puntos de atención de la Red de Atención Psicosocial de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. La muestra fue de tipo intencional por saturación, reuniendo a trece participantes adultos. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, que fueron transcritas y posteriormente analizadas según las aportaciones del análisis de contenido temático de Bardin, dando como resultado cuatro categorías: pérdidas y fracaso en la vida; culpa; dualismo vida y muerte - de las cenizas al ave fénix; recaída. Se evidenció que el consumo nocivo de alcohol y otras drogas remite a pérdidas familiares, de vivienda, de trabajo, de dignidad; a los significados de destrucción y fracaso. La recaída se toma como un fracaso y un pecado, haciéndose eco de la culpa, la impotencia, el autoestigma. El sufrimiento pasa por la cuerda floja de la vida y los intentos infructuosos de búsqueda de atención; reverbera en la pérdida del sentido de la vida y el comportamiento suicida; o, en la exhibición de fe y resiliencia (con una forma de resistencia, la re-existencia), vivificando la esperanza-equilibrista.Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, para conhecer em profundidade a experiência de pessoas em uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas vinculadas a pontos de atenção da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. A amostra foi do tipo intencional por saturação, reunindo treze participantes adultos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, as quais foram transcritas e, após, analisadas segundo os aportes da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin, resultando em quatro categorias: perdas e fracasso na vida; culpa; dualismo vida e morte - das cinzas à fênix; recaída. Evidenciou-se que o uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas remete a perdas familiares, de moradia, trabalho, dignidade; às acepções de destruição e fracasso. A recaída é tida como falha e pecado, ecoando por culpa, impotência, auto-estigma. O sofrimento trespassa a corda bamba da vida e as tentativas malogradas de busca por cuidado; reverbera na perda do sentido da vida e no comportamento suicida; ou, na exibição de fé e resiliência (com feitio de resistência, re-existência), vivificando a esperança-equilibrista

Experiences and meanings of the harmful use of alcohol and other drugs / Vivências e sentidos do uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas

Objective: to understand the meanings and experiences of harmful use of alcohol and other drugs, from the perspective of users of the Psychosocial Care Network. Method: qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study that interviewed 13 adult participants in the months from September to December 2019. The analysis was based on Bardin's thematic content analysis, resulting in the categories, loss and failure in life, guilt, life and death dualism - from ashes to phoenix, relapse. Results: substance use refers to loss of family, housing, work, dignity; destruction, failure. Relapse denotes failure, sin; it brings guilt, self-stigma. Suffering goes through the attempts to seek care; it reverberates in the loss of the meaning of life, suicidal behavior or resilience and hope-equilibrist. Conclusion: the expanded clinic must value the affective geography of uses and harm reduction.Objetivo: comprender los significados y experiencias del uso nocivo de alcohol y otras drogas, desde la perspectiva de los usuarios de la Red de Atención Psicosocial. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, que entrevistó a 13 participantes adultos en los meses de septiembre a diciembre de 2019. El análisis se basó en el análisis de contenido temático de Bardin, resultando en las categorías, pérdida y fracaso en la vida, culpa, dualismo vida y muerte - de las cenizas al ave fénix, recaída. Resultados: el uso de sustancias se refiere a pérdidas familiares, vivienda, trabajo, dignidad; destrucción, fracaso. La recaída denota fracaso, pecado; conlleva culpa, autoestigma. El sufrimiento pasa por los intentos de buscar atención; reverbera en la pérdida del sentido de la vida, conducta suicida o resiliencia y esperanza-equilibrista. Conclusión: la clínica ampliada debe valorar la geografía afectiva de los usos y la reducción de daños.Objetivo: compreender os sentidos e as vivências de uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas, sob a ótica de usuários da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório, que entrevistou 13 participantes adultos nos meses de setembro a dezembro de 2019. A análise firmou-se nos aportes da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin, resultando as categorias, perdas e fracasso na vida, culpa, dualismo vida e morte - das cinzas à fênix, recaída. Resultados: o uso de substâncias remete a perdas familiares, de moradia, trabalho, dignidade; a destruição, fracasso. A recaída denota falha, pecado; acarreta culpa, auto-estigma. O sofrimento trespassa as tentativas de buscar do cuidado; reverbera na perda do sentido da vida, no comportamento suicida ou na resiliência e esperança-equilibrista. Conclusão: a clínica ampliada deve valorizar a geografia afetiva dos usos e a redução de danos.

PREDIRCAM eHealth platform for individualized telemedical assistance for lifestyle modification in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and cardiometabolic risk prevention: a pilot study (PREDIRCAM 1)

Background: Healthy diet and regular physical activity are powerful tools in reducing diabetes and cardiometabolic risk. Various international scientific and health organizations have advocated the use of new technologies to solve these problems. The PREDIRCAM project explores the contribution that a technological system could offer for the continuous monitoring of lifestyle habits and individualized treatment of obesity as well as cardiometabolic risk prevention. Methods: PREDIRCAM is a technological platform for patients and professionals designed to improve the effectiveness of lifestyle behavior modifications through the intensive use of the latest information and communication technologies. The platform consists of a web-based application providing communication interface with monitoring devices of physiological variables, application for monitoring dietary intake, ad hoc electronic medical records, different communication channels, and an intelligent notification system. A 2-week feasibility study was conducted in 15 volunteers to assess the viability of the platform. Results: The website received 244 visits (average time/session: 17 min 45 s). A total of 435 dietary intakes were recorded (average time for each intake registration, 4 min 42 s ± 2 min 30 s), 59 exercises were recorded in 20 heart rate monitor downloads, 43 topics were discussed through a forum, and 11 of the 15 volunteers expressed a favorable opinion toward the platform. Food intake recording was reported as the most laborious task. Ten of the volunteers considered long-term use of the platform to be feasible. Conclusions: The PREDIRCAM platform is technically ready for clinical evaluation. Training is required to use the platform and, in particular, for registration of dietary food intake

Population based prostate cancer screening in north Mexico reveals a high prevalence of aggressive tumors in detected cases

Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent neoplasia in men worldwide. Previous reports suggest that the prevalence of PCa in Hispanic males is lower than in Africans (including communities with African ancestry) and Caucasians, but higher than in Asians. Despite these antecedents, there are few reports of open population screenings for PCa in Latin American communities. This article describes the results of three consecutive screenings in the urban population of Monterrey, Mexico. Methods: After receiving approval from our University Hospital's Internal Review Board (IRB), the screening was announced by radio, television, and press, and it was addressed to male subjects over 40 years old in general. Subjects who consented to participate were evaluated at the primary care clinics of the University Health Program at UANL, in the Metropolitan area of Monterrey. Blood samples were taken from each subject for prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination; they underwent a digital rectal examination (DRE), and were subsequently interviewed to obtain demographic and urologic data. Based on the PSA (>4.0 ng/ml) and DRE results, subjects were appointed for transrectal biopsy (TRB). Results: A total of 973 subjects were screened. Prostate biopsy was recommended to 125 men based on PSA values and DRE results, but it was performed in only 55 of them. 15 of these biopsied men were diagnosed with PCa, mostly with Gleason scores ≥ 7. Conclusion: Our results reflect a low prevalence of PCa in general, but a high occurrence of high grade lesions (Gleason ≥ 7) among patients that resulted positive for PCa. This observation remarks the importance of the PCa screening programs in our Mexican community and the need for strict follow-up campaigns

Population based prostate cancer screening in north Mexico reveals a high prevalence of aggressive tumors in detected cases

Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent neoplasia in men worldwide. Previous reports suggest that the prevalence of PCa in Hispanic males is lower than in Africans (including communities with African ancestry) and Caucasians, but higher than in Asians. Despite these antecedents, there are few reports of open population screenings for PCa in Latin American communities. This article describes the results of three consecutive screenings in the urban population of Monterrey, Mexico. Methods: After receiving approval from our University Hospital's Internal Review Board (IRB), the screening was announced by radio, television, and press, and it was addressed to male subjects over 40 years old in general. Subjects who consented to participate were evaluated at the primary care clinics of the University Health Program at UANL, in the Metropolitan area of Monterrey. Blood samples were taken from each subject for prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination; they underwent a digital rectal examination (DRE), and were subsequently interviewed to obtain demographic and urologic data. Based on the PSA (>4.0 ng/ml) and DRE results, subjects were appointed for transrectal biopsy (TRB). Results: A total of 973 subjects were screened. Prostate biopsy was recommended to 125 men based on PSA values and DRE results, but it was performed in only 55 of them. 15 of these biopsied men were diagnosed with PCa, mostly with Gleason scores ≥ 7. Conclusion: Our results reflect a low prevalence of PCa in general, but a high occurrence of high grade lesions (Gleason ≥ 7) among patients that resulted positive for PCa. This observation remarks the importance of the PCa screening programs in our Mexican community and the need for strict follow-up campaigns

A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15-1.73 GHz

We conducted a search for narrowband radio signals over four observing sessions in 2020-2023 with the L-band receiver (1.15-1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. We pointed the telescope in the directions of 62 TESS Objects of Interest, capturing radio emissions from a total of ~11,680 stars and planetary systems in the ~9 arcminute beam of the telescope. All detections were either automatically rejected or visually inspected and confirmed to be of anthropogenic nature. In this work, we also quantified the end-to-end efficiency of radio SETI pipelines with a signal injection and recovery analysis. The UCLA SETI pipeline recovers 94.0% of the injected signals over the usable frequency range of the receiver and 98.7% of the injections when regions of dense RFI are excluded. In another pipeline that uses incoherent sums of 51 consecutive spectra, the recovery rate is ~15 times smaller at ~6%. The pipeline efficiency affects calculations of transmitter prevalence and SETI search volume. Accordingly, we developed an improved Drake Figure of Merit and a formalism to place upper limits on transmitter prevalence that take the pipeline efficiency and transmitter duty cycle into account. Based on our observations, we can state at the 95% confidence level that fewer than 6.6% of stars within 100 pc host a transmitter that is detectable in our search (EIRP > 1e13 W). For stars within 20,000 ly, the fraction of stars with detectable transmitters (EIRP > 5e16 W) is at most 3e-4. Finally, we showed that the UCLA SETI pipeline natively detects the signals detected with AI techniques by Ma et al. (2023).Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, submitted to AJ, revise

ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel

Since March 15th, 2020, 177 centres from Europe and Israel have joined the study, routinely reporting on the ECMO support they provide to COVID-19 patients. The mean annual number of cases treated with ECMO in the participating centres before the pandemic (2019) was 55. The number of COVID-19 patients has increased rapidly each week reaching 1531 treated patients as of September 14th. The greatest number of cases has been reported from France (n = 385), UK (n = 193), Germany (n = 176), Spain (n = 166), and Italy (n = 136) .The mean age of treated patients was 52.6 years (range 16–80), 79% were male. The ECMO configuration used was VV in 91% of cases, VA in 5% and other in 4%. The mean PaO2 before ECMO implantation was 65 mmHg. The mean duration of ECMO support thus far has been 18 days and the mean ICU length of stay of these patients was 33 days. As of the 14th September, overall 841 patients have been weaned from ECMO support, 601 died during ECMO support, 71 died after withdrawal of ECMO, 79 are still receiving ECMO support and for 10 patients status n.a. . Our preliminary data suggest that patients placed on ECMO with severe refractory respiratory or cardiac failure secondary to COVID-19 have a reasonable (55%) chance of survival. Further extensive data analysis is expected to provide invaluable information on the demographics, severity of illness, indications and different ECMO management strategies in these patients

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Background: Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. // Methods: We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. // Findings: We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. // Interpretation: Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030