5,233 research outputs found
Casimir effect for massless minimally coupled scalar field between parallel plates in de Sitter spacetime
Casimir effect for massless minimally coupled scalar field is studied. An
explicit answer for de Sitter spacetime is obtained and analized. Cosmological
implications of the result are discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Magnetic Properties of the Metamagnet Ising Model in a three-dimensional Lattice in a Random and Uniform Field
By employing the Monte Carlo technique we study the behavior of Metamagnet
Ising Model in a random field. The phase diagram is obtained by using the
algorithm of Glaubr in a cubic lattice of linear size with values ranging
from 16 to 42 and with periodic boundary conditions.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Finite Size Effects in Thermal Field Theory
We consider a neutral self-interacting massive scalar field defined in a
d-dimensional Euclidean space. Assuming thermal equilibrium, we discuss the
one-loop perturbative renormalization of this theory in the presence of rigid
boundary surfaces (two parallel hyperplanes), which break translational
symmetry. In order to identify the singular parts of the one-loop two-point and
four-point Schwinger functions, we use a combination of dimensional and
zeta-function analytic regularization procedures. The infinities which occur in
both the regularized one-loop two-point and four-point Schwinger functions fall
into two distinct classes: local divergences that could be renormalized with
the introduction of the usual bulk counterterms, and surface divergences that
demand countertems concentrated on the boundaries. We present the detailed form
of the surface divergences and discuss different strategies that one can assume
to solve the problem of the surface divergences. We also briefly mention how to
overcome the difficulties generated by infrared divergences in the case of
Neumann-Neumann boundary conditions.Comment: 31 pages, latex, to appear in J. Math. Phy
Diversidade genética entre clones de cupuaçuzeiro com o uso de marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélites.
Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC). Disponível também on-line
Fluctuating Dimension in a Discrete Model for Quantum Gravity Based on the Spectral Principle
The spectral principle of Connes and Chamseddine is used as a starting point
to define a discrete model for Euclidean quantum gravity. Instead of summing
over ordinary geometries, we consider the sum over generalized geometries where
topology, metric and dimension can fluctuate. The model describes the geometry
of spaces with a countable number of points, and is related to the Gaussian
unitary ensemble of Hermitian matrices. We show that this simple model has two
phases. The expectation value . Moreover, the
space-time dimension is a dynamical observable in our model, and plays
the role of an order parameter. The computation of is discussed and
an upper bound is found, .Comment: 10 pages, no figures. Third version: This new version emphasizes the
spectral principle rather than the spectral action. Title has been changed
accordingly. We also reformulated the computation of the dimension, and added
a new reference. To appear in Physical Review Letter
Paradoxical movement of the lower ribcage at rest and during exercise in COPD patients
Paradoxical inward displacement of the costal margin during inspiration is observed in many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at rest but its importance is unclear.The current authors studied 20 patients (forced expiratory volume in one second 32.6 +/- 11.7, functional residual capacity 186 +/- 32% predicted) and 10 healthy controls at rest and during symptom-limited incremental exercise. With optoelectronic plethysmography, the phase shift between pulmonary and abdominal ribcage volumes and the percentage of inspiratory time the ribcage compartments moved in opposite directions were quantified, using control data to define the normal range of movement.Eight patients showed lower ribcage inspiratory paradox at rest (P+), while 12 patients did not (P-). This was unrelated to resting lung function or exercise tolerance. Total end-expiratory chest wall volume (EEVcw) increased immediately when exercise began in P+ patients, but later in exercise in P- patients. This difference in EEVcw was mainly due to a greater increase of end-expiratory pulmonary ribcage volume in P+ patients. During exercise, dyspnoea increased similarly in the two groups, while leg effort increased more markedly in the patients without paradox.In conclusion, lower ribcage paradox at rest is reproducible and associated with early-onset hyperinflation of the chest wall and predominant dyspnoea at end-exercise. When paradox is absent, the sense of leg effort becomes a more important symptom limiting exercise.British Lung FoundationEuropean Respiratory Society (ERS)ERS COEDPolitecn Milan, TBM Lab, Dipartimento Bioingn, I-20133 Milan, ItalyUniv Liverpool, Ctr Clin Sci, Univ Hosp Aintree, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, EnglandUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilEuropean Respiratory Society (ERS): 69Web of Scienc
Zero-point energy of massless scalar fields in the presence of soft and semihard boundaries in D dimensions
The renormalized energy density of a massless scalar field defined in a
D-dimensional flat spacetime is computed in the presence of "soft" and
"semihard" boundaries, modeled by some smoothly increasing potential functions.
The sign of the renormalized energy densities for these different confining
situations is investigated. The dependence of this energy on for the cases
of "hard" and "soft/semihard" boundaries are compared.Comment: 36 pages, LaTeX, 4 figure
Produção artificial de basidiocarpos de Crinipellis perniciosa do cupuaçuzeiro em meio de farelo-vermiculita.
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