11 research outputs found

    Associação entre polimorfismos genéticos do FGF20 com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson

    Get PDF
    Introdução: A doença de Parkinson é a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais frequente e está relacionada à perda de neurônios dopaminérgicos na porção ventrolateral da substância nigra. A fisiopatologia da doença é pouco conhecida, mas fatores de risco genéticos e ambientais parecem ter um papel. O FGF20 é um fator neurotrófico preferencialmente expresso na substância nigra, e está relacionado com maior sobrevida de neurônios dopaminérgicos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se polimorfismos genéticos do FGF20 está associado com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. O polimorfismo rs1989754 foi genotipado em 224 pacientes ambulatoriais com doença de Parkinson idiopática. Uma entrevista estruturada foi realizada com os pacientes e seus familiares, e a idade de início da doença de Parkinson foi definida como a idade de início dos sintomas motores. Resultados: O polimorfismo rs1989754 do gene FGF20 está associado com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson. Os portadores do alelo C tiveram uma idade de início mais precoce da doença tanto quando foi considerado um modelo dominante (56 ± 11.8 vs. 61.5 ± 11.6 anos, p=0.001), quando um modelo aditivo (55 ± 10.9 anos para o genótipo CC, 56.4 ± 11.2 anos para o genótipo CG e 61.5 ± 11.6 anos para o genótipo GG, p=0.002). Conclusão: Os achados do presente estudo sugerem que o polimorfismo rs1989754 do FGF20 está associado com idade de início mais precoce da doença de Parkinson, e dão apoio à hipótese de que a idade de início da doença de Parkinson é modulada por polimorfismos comuns de múltiplos genes, cada um com tamanho de efeito pequeno.Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and is related to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ventrolateral substantia nigra. The physiopathology of the disease is poor understood, but both environmental and genetics risk factors are thought to play a role. FGF20 is a neurotrophic factor preferentially expressed in substantia nigra that enhances dopaminergic cells survival. The aim of this study is to evaluate if polymorphisms in FGF20 are associated with age of onset of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: This is a transversal study, in which the rs1989754 polymorphism was genotyped 224 outpatients with idiopathic PD. A structures interview was performed with patients and their relatives, and the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease was defined as the age of onset of the motor symptoms, as reported by the patients and their caregivers. Results: We found an association of the rs1989754 single nucleotide polymorphism with the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease. The carriers of the C allele had an earlier age of onset of the disease in both dominant (56 ± 11.8 vs. 61.5 ± 11.6 years, p=0.001) and additive models (55 ± 10.9 years for CC genotype, 56.4 ± 11.2 years for CG genotype and 61.5 ± 11.6 years for GG genotype, p=0.002). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that FGF20 rs1989754 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with younger age at onset of Parkinson’s disease, and also support the hypothesis that the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease is modulated by common polymorphisms of multiple risk genes with low effect size

    Avaliação e utilização de um protocolo de qualidade e segurança de unidades de vídeo-eletroencefalograma

    Get PDF
    Base teórica: a epilepsia é uma doença com alta prevalência em todo mundo, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. Até 30-40% das pessoas com epilepsia tem doença refratária à terapia medicamentosa, com a indicação de realizar uma monitorização por vídeo-eletroencefalograma (VEEG). Apesar do uso do VEEG para a investigação de epilepsia em todo o mundo, existe muita heterogeneidade na metodologia do exame, e na publicação dos seus resultados. Sauro et al. (2016) publicaram um conjunto de indicadores de qualidade e segurança em exames de VEEG, com objetivo de melhorar e homogeneizar as publicações da área. Objetivo: avaliar a aplicabilidade clínica do conjunto de indicadores qualidade e segurança em exames de VEEG proposto por Sauro et al. (2016). Métodos: os dados de todos os pacientes que realizaram VEEG no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) entre janeiro de 2016 e outubro de 2016 foram revisados, de acordo com o conjunto de indicadores publicados por Sauro et al. (2016), e coletados prospectivamente após até janeiro de 2018. Resultados: um total de 101 pacientes foram monitorados no período do estudo. Um diagnóstico definitivo foi realizado em 92.1% dos pacientes, houve mudança no diagnóstico em 36.6% dos pacientes, e 65.3% deles tiveram o seu tratamento alterado. O questionamento que indicou o exame foi completamente respondido em 60.4% das admissões. O VEEG foi considerado muito útil ou extremamente útil em 66.4% dos pacientes. Eventos adversos ocorreram em 26.7% dos pacientes. Os mais comuns foram evolução de crise focal para tônico-clônica generalizada e cluster de crises epilépticas, em 11.9% e 5.9% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Não ocorreram lesões associadas às crises ou óbitos na nossa série de pacientes. Conclusão: a nossa experiência corrobora o uso desse conjunto de indicadores, que são objetivos e englobam os principais indicadores e desfechos de um exame de VEEG. De toda forma, há desafios práticos importantes para a sua implantação, pois ainda há heterogeneidade excessiva de terminologia entre os estudos, e não há critérios objetivos para a definição de desfechos essenciais, como se houve resposta ao motivo que indicou o exame e a utilidade diagnóstica geral do exame. Mais estudos usando esse conjunto de indicadores são importantes para aperfeiçoar o próprio conjunto de indicadores, e para que a publicação de dados de estudos com VEEG dos diferentes centros possa ocorrer de forma homogênea na literatura especializada.Background: epilepsy has a high worldwide prevalence, especially in developing countries. Up to 30-40% of the persons with epilepsy have drug resistant epilepsy, with indication to perform a video-electroencephalography (VEEG) monitoring. Despite the worldwide use of VEEG for epilepsy investigation, there is a considerable variability in the methodology of the exam and in the report of the results. Sauro et al. (2016) provided a set of measures aiming to improve the report of VEEG quality and safety indicators. Objective: test the clinical applicability of set of measures on safety and quality of VEEG exams suggested by Sauro et al. (2016). Methods: we reviewed retrospectively the charts of all VEEG exams performed in Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) from January 2016 to October 2016, and started to collect the data, according to Sauro et al. (2016) set of measures, prospectively up to January 2018. Results: a total of 101 patients were monitored in our VEEG unit. A definitive diagnosis could be reached in 92.1% of patients, a change in diagnosis was done in 36.5% of patients, and a change in treatment occurred in 65.3% of them. The referral question was totally answered in 60.4% of the admissions, and the VEEG exam was considered very useful or extremely useful to 66.4% of the patients. Adverse events occurred in 26.7% of the patients. The most common were evolution of focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures and seizure clusters, in 11.9% and 5.9% of the patients, respectively. No seizure related injuries or deaths occurred. Conclusion: Our experience supports the use of this set of measures, as it is very objective and encompasses all the major indicators and outcomes of a VEEG exam. Nonetheless, there might be important practical challenges, as still there is important heterogeneity in terminology across studies and lack of objective criteria to define key questions, like the answering of the referral question and the overall diagnostic utility of the exam. More studies using this set of indicators are desirable to improve the set of indicators itself and the reporting of VEEG data

    Associação entre polimorfismos genéticos do FGF20 com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson

    Get PDF
    Introdução: A doença de Parkinson é a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais frequente e está relacionada à perda de neurônios dopaminérgicos na porção ventrolateral da substância nigra. A fisiopatologia da doença é pouco conhecida, mas fatores de risco genéticos e ambientais parecem ter um papel. O FGF20 é um fator neurotrófico preferencialmente expresso na substância nigra, e está relacionado com maior sobrevida de neurônios dopaminérgicos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se polimorfismos genéticos do FGF20 está associado com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. O polimorfismo rs1989754 foi genotipado em 224 pacientes ambulatoriais com doença de Parkinson idiopática. Uma entrevista estruturada foi realizada com os pacientes e seus familiares, e a idade de início da doença de Parkinson foi definida como a idade de início dos sintomas motores. Resultados: O polimorfismo rs1989754 do gene FGF20 está associado com a idade de início da doença de Parkinson. Os portadores do alelo C tiveram uma idade de início mais precoce da doença tanto quando foi considerado um modelo dominante (56 ± 11.8 vs. 61.5 ± 11.6 anos, p=0.001), quando um modelo aditivo (55 ± 10.9 anos para o genótipo CC, 56.4 ± 11.2 anos para o genótipo CG e 61.5 ± 11.6 anos para o genótipo GG, p=0.002). Conclusão: Os achados do presente estudo sugerem que o polimorfismo rs1989754 do FGF20 está associado com idade de início mais precoce da doença de Parkinson, e dão apoio à hipótese de que a idade de início da doença de Parkinson é modulada por polimorfismos comuns de múltiplos genes, cada um com tamanho de efeito pequeno.Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and is related to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ventrolateral substantia nigra. The physiopathology of the disease is poor understood, but both environmental and genetics risk factors are thought to play a role. FGF20 is a neurotrophic factor preferentially expressed in substantia nigra that enhances dopaminergic cells survival. The aim of this study is to evaluate if polymorphisms in FGF20 are associated with age of onset of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: This is a transversal study, in which the rs1989754 polymorphism was genotyped 224 outpatients with idiopathic PD. A structures interview was performed with patients and their relatives, and the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease was defined as the age of onset of the motor symptoms, as reported by the patients and their caregivers. Results: We found an association of the rs1989754 single nucleotide polymorphism with the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease. The carriers of the C allele had an earlier age of onset of the disease in both dominant (56 ± 11.8 vs. 61.5 ± 11.6 years, p=0.001) and additive models (55 ± 10.9 years for CC genotype, 56.4 ± 11.2 years for CG genotype and 61.5 ± 11.6 years for GG genotype, p=0.002). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that FGF20 rs1989754 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with younger age at onset of Parkinson’s disease, and also support the hypothesis that the age of onset of Parkinson’s disease is modulated by common polymorphisms of multiple risk genes with low effect size

    Contribution of magnetic nuclear resonance to the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

    Get PDF
    A 71 year-old woman presented to our hospital with acute onset of progressive cognitive impairment and psychotic symptoms. Five weeks earlier, she noticed memory impairment and diplopia. After two weeks, she was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to delusions, agitation and hallucinations. After three weeks, she was referred to our hospital with progressive deterioration, especially impairment of language and gait. At admission, examination showed aphasia, myoclonic jerks, apraxic gait and Babinski’s sign. Laboratory tests showed mild elevation in anti-TPO titer. Other laboratory studies were normal. EEG showed a semi-periodic pattern of widespread sharp-wave discharges with periods of an arrhythmic widespread theta waves. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hyperintensity on FLAIR and decreased diffusivity in the basal ganglia, specially in the head of caudate and putamen, as well as in the cortex of frontal lobes bilaterally, left parietal lobe and bilateral occipital lobes on diffusion weighted images (DWI) and apparent diffusion map (ADC). There was no gadolinium enhancement. Diagnosis of probable Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was made

    HIV/AIDS-related visceral leishmaniasis: a clinical and epidemiological description of visceral leishmaniasis in northern Brazil

    No full text
    Introduction: This study aimed to describe the main features of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), both related to and independent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, in patients who were registered in Tocantins, Brazil. Methods: Data from 1,779 new patients with VL, 33 of whom were also infected with HIV, were reviewed. Results: The incidence of VL/HIV coinfection increased from 0.32/100,000 inhabitants in 2007 to 1.08/100,000 inhabitants in 2010. VL occurred predominantly in children aged 10 years or younger, while VL/HIV was more common in patients aged between 18 and 50 years. There were more male patients in the VL/HIV group than in the VL group. Relapse rates were also considerably higher in the VL/HIV (9.1%) group than in the VL group (1.5%). Despite a similar clinical presentation, VL/HIV patients exhibited a higher proportion (24.2%) of concomitant infectious diseases and jaundice. Pentavalent antimonials were used for the initial treatment of VL and VL/HIV infections. However, amphotericin B deoxycholate and liposomal amphotericin B were also widely used in the treatment of VL/HIV coinfection. The mortality rate was higher in the VL/HIV coinfection group (19.4%) than in the VL group (5.4%). Furthermore, the mortality rate due to other causes was significantly higher in the VL/HIV group (12.9%) than in the VL group (0.7%). Conclusions: The study showed that the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes among the VL and VL/HIV patients in this state are similar to those from other endemic regions, indicating that both infections are emerging with increasing frequency in Brazil
    corecore