Inflammatory Signals shift from adipose to liver during high fat feeding and influence the development of steatohepatitis in mice

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obesity and inflammation are highly integrated processes in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory events during high fat diet-induced obesity are poorly defined in mouse models of obesity. This work investigated gene activation signals integral to the temporal development of obesity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Gene expression analysis in multiple organs from obese mice was done with Taqman Low Density Array (TLDA) using a panel of 92 genes representing cell markers, cytokines, chemokines, metabolic, and activation genes. Mice were monitored for systemic changes characteristic of the disease, including hyperinsulinemia, body weight, and liver enzymes. Liver steatosis and fibrosis as well as cellular infiltrates in liver and adipose tissues were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Obese C57BL/6 mice were fed with high fat and cholesterol diet (HFC) for 6, 16 and 26 weeks. Here we report that the mRNA levels of macrophage and inflammation associated genes were strongly upregulated at different time points in adipose tissues (6-16 weeks) and liver (16-26 weeks), after the start of HFC feeding. CD11b⁺and CD11c⁺macrophages highly infiltrated HFC liver at 16 and 26 weeks. We found clear evidence that signals for IL-1β, IL1RN, TNF-α and TGFβ-1 are present in both adipose and liver tissues and that these are linked to the development of inflammation and insulin resistance in the HFC-fed mice.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Macrophage infiltration accompanied by severe inflammation and metabolic changes occurred in both adipose and liver tissues with a temporal shift in these signals depending upon the duration of HFC feeding. The evidences of gene expression profile, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, and histological data support a progression towards nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis in these HFC-fed mice within the time frame of 26 weeks.</p

Propuesta de Supply Chain Management y Logística para la empresa Sodexo

Imagenes,graficas,diagramasLa estrategia de Supply Chain Management es un proceso el cual las organizaciones aplican para garantizar una buena gestión de su cadena de suministro, es decir por medio de este modelo, cada actividad de provisión, fabricación y distribución se ejecuta de la mejor manera, para asegurar que cada requerimiento exigido por los clientes, sean cubiertos eficientemente, permitiendo así, que la empresa obtenga un crecimiento de las ventas de forma exponencial, logrando una ventaja competitiva frente a otras compañías. El proceso de Supply Chain Management en el presente trabajo, se le aplico a la empresa Sodexo, que es una empresa prestadora de servicios, para el caso puntual del actual trabajo se abordó el servicio de la limpieza y desinfección (Aseo), para este caso, se le realizó un análisis bastante detallado a su cadena de suministros, permitiéndonos encontrar diversas oportunidades de mejora, que harán más eficiente y productivo cada proceso u etapa del SCM, previniendo de esta manera toma de decisiones erróneas que no van a generar valor en la prestación del servicio a su clientes contratados. Dentro de los principales resultados encontrados del análisis realizado a la cadena suministro de la empresa en estudio, se encuentra la de mejorar su almacén, dado que el que posee actualmente es algo pequeño, permitiendo de esta manera hacer propuestas de layout en base al conocimiento adquirido hasta ese momento, dejando en evidencia que con la buena gestión de cada etapa del SC, se garantiza procesos operativos eficientes y que generan valor impactando de manera positiva a los clientes por tener un enfoque preventivo y no correctivo.The Supply Chain Management strategy is a process that organizations apply to guarantee a good management of their supply chain, that is, by means of this model, each activity of supply, manufacture and distribution is executed in the best way, to ensure that each requirement demanded by the customers, is covered efficiently, thus allowing the company to obtain an exponential growth of sales, achieving a competitive advantage over other companies. The process of Supply Chain Management in this paper is applied to the company Sodexo, which is a company providing services, for the specific case of the current work we addressed the service of cleaning and disinfection (Aseo), for this case we carried out a very detailed analysis of its supply chain, allowing us to find various opportunities for improvement, which will make more efficient and productive each process or stage of the SCM, thus preventing in this way making erroneous decisions that will not generate value in the provision of the service to its contracted clients. Among the main results found in the analysis of the supply chain of the company under study, there is the improvement of its warehouse, given that the warehouse currently has is somewhat small, thus allowing to make layout proposals based on the knowledge acquired so far, showing that with the good management of each stage of the SC, efficient operational processes are guaranteed and generate value positively impacting clients by having a preventive and non-corrective approach

Eficiencia del carbón Guajiro y Quitosano en la remoción de parámetros fisicoquímicos en aguas residuales domésticas

The efficiency of two natural coagulants was evaluated and compared: Cardón Guajiro and Quitosano to treat the wastewater of the Sonesta Valledupar hotel. The Cardón Guajiro was extracted by a process of drying, grinding, sieving and extraction with anhydrous methanol. Chitosan in the form of scales. Jar tests were carried out to determine ranges, optimal doses and analyze the study parameters as these coagulants were applied. Two tests were carried out with concentrations of 5% and 10% for Cardón Guajiro and two for Chitosan at a concentrationf 1%. The doses of Cardón between 10 and 100 PPM in intervals of 10, the doses of Chitosan from 50 to 500 PPM in intervals of 50. The Cardón at a concentration of 5% generated excellent results in the study parameters. Chitosan showed better removal percentages than Cardón guajiroSe evaluó y comparó la eficiencia de dos coagulantes Naturales: Cardón Guajiro (Stenocereus Griseus) y Quitosano para tratamiento de agua residual doméstica. El Cardón se extrajo por un proceso de secado, molienda, tamizado y extracción con metanol anhidro. El Quitosano se consiguió en forma de escamas. Se realizaron pruebas de jarras para determinar rangos y dosis óptimas y analizar los parámetros de estudio a medida que se iban aplicando dichos coagulantes. Con el Cardón se realizaron dos pruebas con concentraciones del 5% y 10%, con el Quitosano se realizaron pruebas a una concentración del 1%. Las dosis de Cardón estuvieron entre 10 y 100 PPM en intervalos de 10, las dosis de Quitosano fueron de 50 a 500 PPM en intervalos de 50. El Cardón a concentración del 5% generó excelentes resultados en los parámetros de estudio. El Quitosano mostró porcentajes de remoción mejores que el Cardón Guajiro

Kinetic Assessment and Therapeutic Modulation of Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles in Mice on a High-Fat and Cholesterol Diet

The kinetics of metabolic and inflammatory parameters associated with obesity were evaluated in a murine diet-induced obesity (DIO) model using a diet high in fat and cholesterol. Cellular infiltration and mediator production were assessed and shown to be therapeutically modulated by the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone. C57BL/6 mice were maintained on a 45% fat/ 0.12% cholesterol (HF/CH) or Chow diet for 3, 6, 16, or 27 weeks. Flow cytometry was employed to monitor peripheral blood monocytes and adipose tissue macrophages (ATM). Gene expression and protein analysis methods were used to evaluate mediator production from total epididymal fat (EF), stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and sorted SVF cells. To investigate therapeutic intervention, mice were fed a HF/CH diet for 12 weeks and then a diet formulated with rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg) for an additional 6 weeks. A HF/CH diet correlated with obesity and a dramatic proinflammatory state. Therapeutic intervention with rosiglitazone attenuated the HF/CH induced inflammation. In addition, a novel population was found that expressed the highest levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators CCL2 and IL-6

Aneurysmatic coronary artery disease : Presentation of a case and review the literature

La enfermedad aneurismática coronaria o ectasias y dilataciones de segmentos coronarios, son hallazgos típicamente incidentales en los estudios angiográficos. Aunque no está claramente establecida la etiología, muchas series describen como factor más común la aterosclerosis coronaria, pero también un desorden congénito, secundario a infl amación o enfermedad del tejido conectivo. Es bien estudiada su asociación con enfermedad de Kawasaki. Se revisa el caso de un paciente con síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) y dilataciones aneurismáticas en arterias coronarias, su enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico.38-41Coronary artery aneurysms or ectasias are dilatations of arterial segments, which are typically incidentally identifi ed at angiography. Although the etiology isn ́t clearly established, several large clinical series described that the most common etiologic factor for coronary aneurysms is atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, but they can also be congenital or secondary to infl ammatory or connective tissue disorders. A well-known association with Kawasaki disease is also studied. We review the case of a patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and aneurysms dilations in coronary arteries, its diagnosis and therapeutic approach

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Caminando en la ruta sentipensante: configuración de experiencias pedagógicas nivel inicial

494 páginasEste texto es realizado en el contexto del Plan de Desarrollo 2016 – 2020, “Bogotá mejor para todos”, en el que se señala: Bogotá es entendida como una ciudad educadora, en la que todos los ciudadanos son agentes educadores y todos los espacios pueden ser escenarios pedagógicos para el aprendizaje. Una ciudad educadora tiene como centro el conocimiento e inspira aprendizaje, formas y lenguajes para reconocernos, para reencontrarnos; los espacios para el aprendizaje son entendidos como espacios para la vida, en los que se posibilita la investigación y la innovación para vivir mejor, para reinventarnos como ciudad, una ciudad mejor para todos. Los dieciocho textos aquí presentados, fruto del acompañamiento pedagógico realizado por el IDEP en 2019, son base y referente para seguir aportando en la configuración y consolidación de comunidades de saber y práctica pedagógica de la ciudad, así como en la conformación de colectivos y redes de maestros. Son la evidencia de un potente trabajo de acompañamiento a experiencias de nivel inicial, caracterizadas por contar con ideas o avances para problematizar, estructurar, fundamentar, elaborar estrategias y un plan de acción

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure &lt; 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation