Revisió de la família Nolidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) de la col·lecció del Museu de Zoologia de Barcelona

Abstract not availabl

Revisió dels Thyatirinae i els Axiidae als Països Catalans

In this article, the 10 species of Axiidae and Thyatirinae of the lberian peninsula are reviewed, giving the flying time with another interesting data. By this work, the total number of species of Thyatirinae knovvn from the lberian peninsula is increased from 8 to 9. Tetheella fluctuosa is the new record (also a new genus for the peninsu la). The Distribution in the catalan countries (Eastern part of the lberian península) is given based on bibliographical data and specially on new data from different col lections and captures, moreover, maps of the area (U.T.M.) of the 7 rarest species and a colour picture vvith the 10 species are included.En el presente artículo se revisan las 10 especies ibéricas de los grupos Axiidae y Thyatirinae, señalando las épocas de vuelo y otros datos de interés. Con este trabajo, el número de los Thyatirinae conocidos en la península Ibérica se aumenta de 8 a 9. La especie nueva es Tetheella fluctuosa (género también nuevo). En base a la bibliografía, y, sobre todo, a datos inéditos obtenidos de la consulta de diversas colecciones y las nuevas capturas, se da la distribución en los Países Catalanes (zona oriental de la península Ibérica). Finalmente, se incluyen mapas UTM de la zona, de las 7 especies más raras, y una fotografía de color de las 10 especies tratadas

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloaddition of Allenamides with α,β-Unsaturated Hydrazones: Efficient Access to Highly Substituted Cyclobutanes

α,β-Unsaturated N,N-dialkyl hydrazones undergo a mild [2 + 2] cycloaddition to allenamides when treated with a suitable gold catalyst. The method, which represents the first application of N,N-dialkyl hydrazones in gold catalysis, is compatible with a wide variety of substituents at the alkenyl moiety of the hydrazone component, proceeds with excellent levels of regio- and diastereoselectivity, and provides densely substituted cyclobutanes with good to excellent yieldsThis work was supported by the Spanish MINECO (SAF2013-41943-R and FPI to P.B.A.), the ERDF, the European Research Council (Adv. Grant No. 340055), and the Xunta de Galicia (GRC2013-041). We thank the Orfeo-Cinqa networ

総説

Background National estimates on per capita alcohol consumption are provided regularly by various sources and may have validity problems, so corrections are needed for monitoring and assessment purposes. Our objectives were to compare different alcohol availability estimates for Spain, to build the best estimate (actual consumption), characterize its time trend during 2001–2011, and quantify the extent to which other estimates (coverage) approximated actual consumption. Methods Estimates were: alcohol availability from the Spanish Tax Agency (Tax Agency availability), World Health Organization (WHO availability) and other international agencies, self-reported purchases from the Spanish Food Consumption Panel, and self-reported consumption from population surveys. Analyses included calculating: between-agency discrepancy in availability, multisource availability (correcting Tax Agency availability by underestimation of wine and cider), actual consumption (adjusting multisource availability by unrecorded alcohol consumption/purchases and alcohol losses), and coverage of selected estimates. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken. Time trends were characterized by joinpoint regression. Results Between-agency discrepancy in alcohol availability remained high in 2011, mainly because of wine and spirits, although some decrease was observed during the study period. The actual consumption was 9.5 l of pure alcohol/person-year in 2011, decreasing 2.3 % annually, mainly due to wine and spirits. 2011 coverage of WHO availability, Tax Agency availability, self-reported purchases, and self-reported consumption was 99.5, 99.5, 66.3, and 28.0 %, respectively, generally with downward trends (last three estimates, especially self-reported consumption). The multisource availability overestimated actual consumption by 12.3 %, mainly due to tourism imbalance. Conclusions Spanish estimates of per capita alcohol consumption show considerable weaknesses. Using uncorrected estimates, especially self-reported consumption, for monitoring or other purposes is misleading. To obtain conservative estimates of alcohol-attributable disease burden or heavy drinking prevalence, self-reported consumption should be shifted upwards by more than 85 % (91 % in 2011) of Tax Agency or WHO availability figures. The weaknesses identified can probably also be found worldwide, thus much empirical work remains to be done to improve estimates of per capita alcohol consumption.The authors are grateful to Kathy Fitch for translation. This work was supported by Spanish Health Research and Development Strategy (PI13/00183; PI15CIII/00022), National Plan on Drugs (2015I040). Writing of the paper was also partially supported by a grant of the National Plan on Drugs (Res. 8-7-15. Secretaría de Estado de Servicios Sociales e Igualdad) to the Alcohol Work Group of the Spanish Society of Epidemiology.S

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloaddition of Allenamides with α,β-Unsaturated Hydrazones: Efficient Access to Highly Substituted Cyclobutanes

α,β-Unsaturated N,N-dialkyl hydrazones undergo a mild [2 + 2] cycloaddition to allenamides when treated with a suitable gold catalyst. The method, which represents the first application of N,N-dialkyl hydrazones in gold catalysis, is compatible with a wide variety of substituents at the alkenyl moiety of the hydrazone component, proceeds with excellent levels of regio- and diastereoselectivity, and provides densely substituted cyclobutanes with good to excellent yieldsThis work was supported by the Spanish MINECO (SAF2013-41943-R and FPI to P.B.A.), the ERDF, the European Research Council (Adv. Grant No. 340055), and the Xunta de Galicia (GRC2013-041). We thank the Orfeo-Cinqa networ

Temporal Regulation of the Muscle Gene Cascade by Macho1 and Tbx6 Transcription Factors in Ciona Intestinalis

For over a century, muscle formation in the ascidian embryo has been representative of \u27mosaic\u27 development. The molecular basis of muscle-fate predetermination has been partly elucidated with the discovery of Macho1, a maternal zinc-finger transcription factor necessary and sufficient for primary muscle development, and of its transcriptional intermediaries Tbx6b and Tbx6c. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the maternal information is decoded by cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) associated with muscle transcription factor and structural genes, and the ways by which a seamless transition from maternal to zygotic transcription is ensured, are still mostly unclear. By combining misexpression assays with CRM analyses, we have identified the mechanisms through which Ciona Macho1 (Ci-Macho1) initiates expression of Ci-Tbx6b and Ci-Tbx6c, and we have unveiled the cross-regulatory interactions between the latter transcription factors. Knowledge acquired from the analysis of the Ci-Tbx6b CRM facilitated both the identification of a related CRM in the Ci-Tbx6c locus and the characterization of two CRMs associated with the structural muscle gene fibrillar collagen 1 (CiFCol1). We use these representative examples to reconstruct how compact CRMs orchestrate the muscle developmental program from pre-localized ooplasmic determinants to differentiated larval muscle in ascidian embryos