Strategies for improving peptide stability and delivery

Peptides play an important role in many fields, including immunology, medical diagnostics, and drug discovery, due to their high specificity and positive safety profile. However, for their delivery as active pharmaceutical ingredients, delivery vectors, or diagnostic imaging molecules, they suffer from two serious shortcomings: their poor metabolic stability and short half-life. Major research efforts are being invested to tackle those drawbacks, where structural modifications and novel delivery tactics have been developed to boost their ability to reach their targets as fully functional species. The benefit of selected technologies for enhancing the resistance of peptides against enzymatic degradation pathways and maximizing their therapeutic impact are also reviewed. Special note of cell-penetrating peptides as delivery vectors, as well as stapled modified peptides, which have demonstrated superior stability from their parent peptides, are reported

2022 FDA TIDES (peptides and oligonucleotides) harvest

A total of 37 new drug entities were approved in 2022; although that year registered the lowest number of drug approvals since 2016, the TIDES class consolidated its presence with a total of five authorizations (four peptides and one oligonucleotide). Interestingly, 23 out of 37 drugs were first-in-class and thus received fast-track designation by the FDA in categories such as breakthrough therapy, priority review voucher, orphan drug, accelerated approval, and so on. Here, we analyze the TIDES approved in 2022 on the basis of their chemical structure, medical target, mode of action, administration route, and common adverse effects

2021 FDA TIDES (peptides and oligonucleotides) harvest

From the medical, pharmaceutical, and social perspectives, 2021 has been a year dominated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite this global health crisis, the pharmaceutical industry has continued its endeavors, and 2021 could be considered an excellent year in terms of the drugs accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Thus, during this year, the FDA has approved 50 novel drugs, of which 36 are new chemical entities and 14 biologics. It has also authorized 10 TIDES (8 peptides, 2 oligonucleotides), in addition to 2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) whose structures contain peptides. Thus, TIDES have accounted for about 24% of the approvals in the various drug categories. Importantly, this percentage has surpassed the figure in 2020 (10%), thus reflecting the remarkable success of TIDES. In this review, the approved TIDE-based drugs are analyzed on the basis of their chemical structure, medical target, mode of action, administration route, and adverse effects

2023 FDA TIDES (Peptides and Oligonucleotides) Harvest

A total of nine TIDES (pepTIDES and oligonucleoTIDES) were approved by the FDA during 2023. The approved four oligonucleotide are indicated for various types of disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, geographic atrophy, primary hyperoxaluria type 1, and polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis. All oligonucleotides showed chemically modified structures, to enhance their stability and therapeutic effectiveness as antisense or aptamer oligomers. Some of them demonstrate various types of conjugation to driving ligands. The approved peptides comprise various structures including linear, cyclic, lipopeptides and with diverse applications. Interestingly, the FDA has granted an orphan drug designation for a first peptide-based drug as a highly selective chemokine antagonist. Furthermore, Rett syndrome has found its first ever core symptoms treatment, which is also peptide-based one. Here we analyse the TIDES approved in 2023 on the basis of their chemical structure, medical target, mode of action, administration route, and common adverse effects

Cálculo de dosis en braquiterapia de próstata de baja tasa con semillas de I-125

La braquiterapia es una técnica clínica basada en el uso de fuentes radiactivas insertadas o en contacto con el tejido del paciente que se expone a la radiación con fines terapéuticos. Entre las distintas aplicaciones clínicas de la braquiterapia se encuentra el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata. En particular, nos hemos centrado en el tratamiento de braquiterapia de próstata de baja tasa que se lleva a cabo con múltiples fuentes radiactivas encapsuladas de baja intensidad insertadas en la próstata de forma permanente.El objetivo de este trabajo es la realización de un programa informático al que se le aportarán las características de las semillas radiactivas utilizadas y su distribución espacial. Con esta información calculará la distribución espacial de tasa de dosis de radiación absorbida en pacientes de cáncer de próstata en la zona de implantación de las semillas radiactivas utilizadas para su tratamiento y en su entorno.<br /

Evaluation of alternative solvents in common amide coupling reactions : replacement of dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide

A range of alternative solvents have been evaluated within amidation reactions employing common coupling reagents with a view to identifying suitable replacements for dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamid

Friendly Strategy to Prepare Encoded One Bead−One Compound Cyclic Peptide Library

One bead−one peptide libraries allow the screening of suitable ligands for any target protein. Short cyclic peptides are ideal ligands for affinity chromatography because of their high affinity and selectivity for the target protein and stability against proteases. We designed a library synthesis strategy to facilitate the identification of cyclic peptides by MS consisting of (a) sequential incorporation of a mixture of Fmoc-Ala-OH and Fmoc-Asp[2-phenylisopropyl (OPp)]-OH (15:85) to Gly-oxymethylbenzamide-ChemMatrix (Gly-HMBA-CM) resin, (b) synthesis of the combinatorial library on the resin by the divide−couple−recombine method, (c) removal of OPp with 4% TFA, (d) peptide cyclization on solid phase through side-chain Asp and amino terminus, and (e) removal of side chain protecting groups with a 95% TFA cocktail. Peptides were cleaved from the beads with ammonia and the linear code was sequenced by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. The high capacity of ChemMatrix resin together with the sensitivity of MS allows code sequencing from a single bead.Fil: Giudicessi, Silvana Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina;Fil: Gurevich Messina, Juan Manuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología; Argentina;Fil: Martínez Ceron, María Camila. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina;Fil: Erra Balsells, Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina;Fil: Albericio, F.. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica; España; Universidad de Barcelona; España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina; España;Fil: Cascone, Osvaldo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina;Fil: Camperi, Silvia Andrea. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina