Modelado de distribución de especies en los bosques de los andes meridionales

The high biodiversity along with a great variety of ecosystems turn Andes Mountain one of the regions of greater environmental diversity of the world, where are the most extreme ranges of types of landscapes, climate and forest formations of the Earth, an area suitable for studying the possible effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of forest formations. For this it is essential to understand the effects of climate change in the area, where climate observations indicate different climate scenarios in the future, for a current time period and for the period 2040-2069, with variations in temperatures and precipitation. The distribution of forests through predictive modelling is analyzed using MaxEnt’s maximum entropy method. The results indicate that most of the forest formations in the Andean forests analysed are expected to face significant problems in the near future, as a result of the loss of climate suitability in the current area of distribution and the geographic change of potentially suitable areas in the future as reflected in the results. Keywords: biodiversity, species distribution models, climate change, forests, maximum entropyLa elevada biodiversidad junto con una gran variedad de ecosistemas convierten a la Cordillera de los Andes es una de las regiones de mayor diversidad ambiental del mundo, donde se encuentran los rangos más extremos de tipos de paisajes, clima y formaciones forestales de la Tierra, un área adecuada para estudiar los posibles efectos del cambio climático sobre la distribución espacial de las formaciones forestales. Para ello resulta imprescindible entender los efectos de cambio climático en la zona, dónde las observaciones climáticas indican diferentes escenarios climáticos en el futuro, para un periodo de tiempo actual y para el periodo 2040-2069, con variaciones de las temperaturas y precipitaciones. Se analiza la distribución de los bosques a través de modelado predictivo con el método de máxima entropía de MaxEnt. Los resultados señalan que la mayoría de las formaciones forestales de los bosques andinos analizados tendrán previsiblemente problemas importantes en un futuro próximo, consecuencia de la pérdida de idoneidad climática en el área actual de distribución y del cambio geográfico de las áreas potencialmente adecuadas en el futuro como reflejan los resultados. Palabras clave: biodiversidad, modelos de distribución de especies, cambio climático, bosques, máxima entropía

Experiences of teaching innovation for the Degree in Industrial Engineering (UEX): The SIG for teaching-learning based on projects

Los cambios que se están produciendo en la sociedad y en la universidad en los últimos años, y en la actualidad con la Covid-19 exigen innovar las metodologías docentes. En este trabajo se describe una experiencia de innovación en el Grado de Ingeniería Industriales de la Universidad de Extremadura (España), que tiene como objetivo desarrollar competencias genéricas, transversales y específicas a través del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos y la utilización de los SIG (Sistemas de Información Geográfica). El objetivo del proyecto (#UnSIGGeografico) ha sido la realización de una práctica en el entorno de los SIG (ArcGis) con el software ArcGis Online llevada a cabo por 24 estudiantes. Fue realizada una entrevista a un experto en la materia en torno al tema y se respondió a un cuestionario elaborado en Quizizz para conocer la valoración, utilidad, satisfacción sobre el mismo y los conocimientos adquiridos para evaluar el 30% de la asignatura. Los resultados muestran un alto grado de satisfacción con la metodología de aprendizaje práctico de los SIG, con gran utilidad para el desarrollo de proyectos de ingeniería y con un 90% de superación del ABP.The changes that have been taking place in society and in universities in recent years, and currently with Covid-19, require innovation in teaching methodologies. This paper describes an innovation experience in the Degree in Industrial Engineering at the University of Extremadura (Spain), which aims to develop generic, transversal and specific competences through Project Based Learning (PBL) and the use of GIS (Geographic Information Systems). The aim of the project (#UnSIGGeografico) was to carry out an internship in the GIS environment (ArcGis) with ArcGis Online software carried out by 24 students. An interview was conducted with an expert on the subject and a questionnaire was answered using Quizizz to find out the assessment, usefulness, satisfaction with it and the knowledge acquired in order to evaluate 30% of the subject. The results show a high degree of satisfaction with the practical learning methodology of GIS, with great usefulness for the development of engineering projects and with a 90% pass rate of the PBL

MUC1 positive cutaneous metastasis with transepidermal elimination from a breast carcinoma

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cutaneous metastases from internal malignancies. Generally, the neoplastic cells are located in the dermis or hypodermis, while a finding of transepidermal elimination on cutaneous metastases is exceptional. In this report we present a patient with perforating cutaneous metastases from breast cancer with mucin 1 expression. Cutaneous, bone, lung, and hepatic lesions were detected two years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor.Fil: Luna, Amalia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Merino, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Alberdi, Cecilio G.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Abba, Martín Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Segal Eiras, Amada. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Croce, María Virginia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Assessing the impact of climate change on the forests of northern and central Andes

La Cordillera de los Andes es una de las regiones de mayor biodiversidad del mundo. En las próximas décadas, sus ecosistemas pueden verse afectados por el cambio climático global de forma más o menos intensa. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar estimaciones de esos cambios en los principales sistemas forestales de la región. Para ello se analiza la distribución actual de los bosques y se utilizan métodos de modelado predictivo para la delimitación de las áreas de distribución potenciales actuales y futuras. Se consideran tres escenarios diferentes bajo el modelo global CCCma. Los resultados muestran los cambios previstos en el área de distribución de forma tabular y cartográfica. Los bosques se ven afectados negativamente de forma general aunque hay algunas excepciones bajo algunos escenarios como es el caso del bosque de piedemonte del SO de la Amazonía que aumenta de una forma significativa y el bosque siempre verde subandino del Oeste de la Amazonía se reduce significativamente. Se discute la interpretación de los resultados y las incertidumbres que afectan a este tipo de modelos.The Andes is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world. In the coming decades, ecosystems may be affected by global climate change more or less intensively. The objective of this paper is to estimate the potential changes in major forest systems in the region. The current spatial distribution of forests is analyzed and predictive modeling methods used for identifying areas of current and future potential distribution. Three different scenarios under global model CCCma are considered. The results show the expected changes as tables and maps. Forests are generally adversely affected although there are some exceptions under some scenarios. The interpretation of results and uncertainties affecting such models are discussed.peerReviewe

Invasive breast cancer in Argentine women: Association between risk and prognostic factors with antigens of a peptidic and carbohydrate nature

Objective: In breast cancer, several tumor markers have been identified. The marker most extensively associated with breast cancer is MUC1. The objective of the study was to analyze prognostic and risk factors in relation to tumor markers in order to clarify breast cancer biology. A total of 349 primary tumor samples and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were studied. Risk and prognostic factors were considered. An immunohistochemical approach was applied and an extensive statistical analysis was performed, including frequency analysis and analysis of variance. Correlation among variables was performed with principal component analysis. Results: All the antigens showed an increased expression according to tumor size increment; moreover, sialyl Lewis x expression showed a significant increase in relation to disease stage, whereas Tn and TF presented a positive tendency. Vascular invasion was related to sialyl Lewis x expression and number of metastatic lymph nodes. Taking into account risk factors, when a patient had at least one child, Lewis antigens diminished their expression. In relation to breastfeeding, sialyl Lewis x expression diminished, although its apical expression increased. Conclusion: Associations between MUC1 and carbohydrate antigens and risk and prognostic factors show the complexity of the cellular biological behavior that these antigens modulate in breast cancer.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Accesibilidad y turismo en el parque nacional de Monfragüe

En los últimos años ha habido un aumento espectacular de la demanda de turismo en espacios naturales protegidos, en el caso de España esa demanda se cifra en aproximadamente 10 millones de visitantes. Al tiempo, también se ha incrementado el turismo llevado a cabo por personas con algún tipo de discapacidad, siendo éste un segmento de mercado que alcanza en España cerca de 3,5 millones de personas, en Europa 50 millones y en el mundo alrededor de 500 millones. Si partimos de la premisa de que toda persona tiene derecho a disfrutar del medio ambiente, las áreas de uso público de los espacios naturales protegidos deberían ir adaptándose y normalizándose para un uso social generalizado de las mismas. En este trabajo se presentan las principales conclusiones del proyecto de investigación “Las áreas de uso público en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Monfragüe. Accesibilidad y capacidad de carga” (Orden MAM 321/2007; No Exp. 024/SGTB/2007 4.1), que ponen de relieve las principales necesidades en materia de accesibilidad y adaptación de las mismas para permitir que el uso público tenga un carácter universal.In the last years there has been a spectacular increase of the demand of tourism in natural protected spaces, in case of Spain this demand codes in approximately 10 millions of visitors. To the time, also there has been increased the tourism carried out by persons with some type of disability, being this one a segment of market that reaches in Spain near 3,5 million persons, in Europe 50 million and in the world about 500 million. If we depart from the premise from that every person has right to enjoy the environment, the areas of public use of the natural protected spaces should go adapting and settling down for a social widespread use of the same ones. In this work they present the principal conclusions of the project of investigation "The areas of public use in the Reserve of Monfragüe's Biosphere. Accessibility and capacity of load" (Order MAM 321/2007; N o Exp. 024/SGTB/2007 4.1), that emphasize the principal needs as for accessibility and adjustment of the same ones to allow that the public use should have a universal character.Secretaría general de empleo, actividad empresarial e innovación tecnológica del Gobierno de Extremadura. Ayuda a los grupos de investigación catalogados (Ref.: 2010/00491/001

Invasive breast cancer in Argentine women: Association between risk and prognostic factors with antigens of a peptidic and carbohydrate nature

Objective: In breast cancer, several tumor markers have been identified. The marker most extensively associated with breast cancer is MUC1. The objective of the study was to analyze prognostic and risk factors in relation to tumor markers in order to clarify breast cancer biology. A total of 349 primary tumor samples and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were studied. Risk and prognostic factors were considered. An immunohistochemical approach was applied and an extensive statistical analysis was performed, including frequency analysis and analysis of variance. Correlation among variables was performed with principal component analysis. Results: All the antigens showed an increased expression according to tumor size increment; moreover, sialyl Lewis x expression showed a significant increase in relation to disease stage, whereas Tn and TF presented a positive tendency. Vascular invasion was related to sialyl Lewis x expression and number of metastatic lymph nodes. Taking into account risk factors, when a patient had at least one child, Lewis antigens diminished their expression. In relation to breastfeeding, sialyl Lewis x expression diminished, although its apical expression increased. Conclusion: Associations between MUC1 and carbohydrate antigens and risk and prognostic factors show the complexity of the cellular biological behavior that these antigens modulate in breast cancer.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

MUC1 positive cutaneous metastasis with transepidermal elimination from a breast carcinoma

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cutaneous metastases from internal malignancies. Generally, the neoplastic cells are located in the dermis or hypodermis, while a finding of transepidermal elimination on cutaneous metastases is exceptional. In this report we present a patient with perforating cutaneous metastases from breast cancer with mucin 1 expression. Cutaneous, bone, lung, and hepatic lesions were detected two years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor.Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicada

Invasive breast cancer in Argentine women: Association between risk and prognostic factors with antigens of a peptidic and carbohydrate nature

Objective: In breast cancer, several tumor markers have been identified. The marker most extensively associated with breast cancer is MUC1. The objective of the study was to analyze prognostic and risk factors in relation to tumor markers in order to clarify breast cancer biology. A total of 349 primary tumor samples and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were studied. Risk and prognostic factors were considered. An immunohistochemical approach was applied and an extensive statistical analysis was performed, including frequency analysis and analysis of variance. Correlation among variables was performed with principal component analysis. Results: All the antigens showed an increased expression according to tumor size increment; moreover, sialyl Lewis x expression showed a significant increase in relation to disease stage, whereas Tn and TF presented a positive tendency. Vascular invasion was related to sialyl Lewis x expression and number of metastatic lymph nodes. Taking into account risk factors, when a patient had at least one child, Lewis antigens diminished their expression. In relation to breastfeeding, sialyl Lewis x expression diminished, although its apical expression increased. Conclusion: Associations between MUC1 and carbohydrate antigens and risk and prognostic factors show the complexity of the cellular biological behavior that these antigens modulate in breast cancer.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Nueva base de datos de precipitaciones y temperaturas para Extremadura en el periodo (1989-2018)

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]Se ha elaborado una nueva base de datos de precipitaciones medias mensuales y temperaturas máximas y mínimas medias mensuales, con la que se han analizado los datos de 142 estaciones meteorológicas obtenidos de la Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) para el periodo (1989-2018). En este estudio se presentan los resultados de diferentes pruebas de homogeneización y relleno de 134, 172 y 176 series de temperaturas y precipitaciones provenientes de las estaciones ubicadas en la región de Extremadura. Para ello, se realizó un primer control de calidad de los datos cumpliendo con los requisitos de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) y las recomendaciones indicadas por el Real Instituto Meteorológico de los Países Bajos (KNMI). Posteriormente se llevó a cabo la homogeneización de las series utilizando el software Climatol, en el que se han implementado diferentes funciones que permiten depurar los datos a través de un análisis de los valores atípicos y de la homogeneidad, así como la completación de las lagunas de las series. Los análisis confirman la obtención de unos niveles de depuración de los datos muy altos, confiables y de buena calidad; obteniendo así una nueva base de datos para posteriores estudios climáticos.[EN]A new database of monthly average rainfall and monthly average maximum and minimum temperatures has been developed, with which data from 142 weather stations obtained from the Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) for the period (1989-2018) have been analysed. This study presents the results of different homogenisation and backfilling tests of 134, 172 and 176 temperature and precipitation series from stations located in the region of Extremadura. For this purpose, a first quality control of the data was carried out in compliance with the requirements of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the recommendations indicated by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Subsequently, the series were homogenised using Climatol software, in which different functions have been implemented to clean the data through an analysis of outliers and homogeneity, as well as filling in the gaps in the series. The analyses confirm the achievement of very high, reliable and good quality data cleaning levels, thus obtaining a new database for further climate studies.Esta investigación fue financiada por la Junta de Extremadura y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) a través de la ayuda al grupo de investigación Alcántara (TIC008), GR21006, y el Proyecto IB18001 “Análisis y modelización del impacto del cambio climático sobre la distribución de zonas vitícolas en Extremadura”