Effects of Use Myrtle Oil (Myrtus commonis) on Body Weight and Some Blood Parameters in Local Male Rabbits

           اجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تأثير زيت نبات الياس في وزن الجسم وبعض المعاير الدمية لذكور الأرانب المحلية. استعمل في الدراسة (15) ارنب (1078 - 1088) غرام وقسمت إلى ثلاث مجاميع, كل مجموعة تضم (5) أرانب, وكانت المجموعة الأولى السيطرة وجرعت (0.2) مل من الماء الأعتيادي وجرعت المجموعة الثانية والثالثة بزيت نبات الياس (0.1) و (0.2) مل / كغم من وزن الجسم على التوالي فمويا لمدة شهرين. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة إن اعطاء زيت نبات الياس إلى ذكور الأرانب أدى إلى انخفاض معنوي         (p<0.01) في وزن الجسم عند جرعة 0.1 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم و 0.2 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم, وجود ارتفاع معنوي (p<0.05) عند جرعة 0.1 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم, في قيم RBCs, WBCs, Hb و PCV. كذلك وجود انخفاض معنوي (p<0.05) عند جرعة 0.2 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم, في قيم RBCs, WBCs, Hb و PCV. ولم يكن هناك اي فرق معنوي (p<0.05) لقيم PLT. نستنتج من ذلك إن اعطاء زيت الياس عند الجرع الصغيرة ينتج عنة تأثيرات جيدة بينما اعطاء زيت الياس بجرعات كبيرة ينتج  عنة تأثيرات غير جيدة في وظائف الجسم.       Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of (Myrtus communis) oil on the weight of body and  some Hematological in the local male rabbits. (15) rabbits average (1078-1088 ) gram were divided to  (3) groups, every group  (5) rabbits, group (1) the control gives only (0.2) ml tap water orally, while group (2), (3) gives Myrtle oil  (0.1) ml/kg,(0.2) ml/kg respectively orally for (2) month.  We conducted that the administration of Myrtle oil produces a significance decrease (P˂0.01) at 0.1ml/Kg.B.W. and 0.2ml/Kg.B.W in the body weight, there is a significance increase (P˂ 0.05)  at 0.1ml/Kg.B.W.  in values of RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV,  there is a significance decrease (P<0.05) at 0.2ml/Kg.B.W. in values of RBCs,WBCs, Hb and PCV. While there is no significance) P˂ 0.05) in the value of PLT. We concluded that, the administration of Myrtle oil in low dose produces good effects whereas administration of it in high dose produce bad effects in the body functions

A Survey Using Kano Model and Road map to issues Standard Model of e-commerce Using SPLE technique

Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE) have been widely studied by many researchers and they have been used to solve different real-world applications that have more than design. However, most (SPLEs) work well only when using standard model depends on strategic of (SPLE ).Theses strategies implemented through three stages Domaine engineering, design portfolio with a road map and application engineering. Domaine engineering considered the first stage of any design depends on (SPLE) contents on some of the methods such as Feature Model Diagram (FMD), Orthogonal Variability Model (OVM) and Domain Requirements (DR).They implement by using use case diagram and find link with all of them via (OVM ).Next stage for any design depends on (SPLE) developing features that used in previously designed depending on the design new portfolio and roadmap using methods called Questionnaires and statics. In this paper, we modify and produced hybrid design model through developed all features in previous design model to producing the new portfolio and roadmap for E-commerce model depending on making a survey. The proposed new hybrid design depends on using new methods to find which one is best from features, we were used Kano model to design the questionnaire to get true evaluation results of the survey, which was conducted by 83 from academic and researcher and 129 university students of whom 45 graduate students and 84 students and about 53 interested practitioners in design and others interesting buying from the internet and e-commerce

MRI image segmentation using machine learning networks and level set approaches

The segmented brain tissues from magnetic resonance images (MRI) always pose substantive challenges to the clinical researcher community, especially while making precise estimation of such tissues. In the recent years, advancements in deep learning techniques, more specifically in fully convolution neural networks (FCN) have yielded path breaking results in segmenting brain tumour tissues with pin-point accuracy and precision, much to the relief of clinical physicians and researchers alike. A new hybrid deep learning architecture combining SegNet and U-Net techniques to segment brain tissue is proposed here. Here, a skip connection of the concerned U-Net network was suitably explored. The results indicated optimal multi-scale information generated from the SegNet, which was further exploited to obtain precise tissue boundaries from the brain images. Further, in order to ensure that the segmentation method performed better in conjunction with precisely delineated contours, the output is incorporated as the level set layer in the deep learning network. The proposed method primarily focused on analysing brain tumor segmentation (BraTS) 2017 and BraTS 2018, dedicated datasets dealing with MRI brain tumour. The results clearly indicate better performance in segmenting brain tumours than existing ones

Efficient Routing in VANETs Using MRRP Algorithm

Designing a reliable routing protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) poses considerable challenges due to certain unique challenges inherently present in Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) topology. Some of them are needed for vehicles acting as nodes having to abide by traffic rules, uncertain inter-vehicular speed variations that may affect link stability etc. Designing a routing protocol capable of dealing with multiple limiting conditions such as long congestion periods, link failures and handoffs is a challenging task, where most of the existing multipath routing protocol shows poor performance. In this paper, the proposed Multipath Route Restoration Protocol (MRRP)is aimed at providing a robust communication channel in case of link failure between nodes. This is realized by focusing on better route maintenance for the protocol. In a wireless network, a routing protocol determines the particular ways in which routers connect. In a wireless network, as the number of hops in a wireless communication path increases, various signal factors such as interference and path loss degrade the network performance. however, sending data over a longer distance will reduce throughput. Furthermore, link stability is substantially impacted by the unpredictable movement of vehicles. Multipath routing is regarded as a potential solution to improve packet delivery and end-to-end delay in VANETs

Feasibility study to perform coiled tubing drilling on Gullfaks-A

Master's thesis in Petroleum engineeringThis report is carried out as part of Decision gate1 (DG1) feasibility study conducted for the possibility of commencing coiled tubing drilling to drill slim holes simultaneously with other drilling activities on Gullfaks A (GF-A). A number of wells on GF-A platform has been closed and experienced oil production drop due to different reasons. However there are still small reservoirs with oil left in place which can be drilled through their mother wells to act as producer or injector wells in order to increase oil and gas recovery from this field. This project is carried out to assess and gain extensive understanding of all activities so that one feasible solution is identified to meet the project objectives. Coiled Tubing Drilling (CTD) is utilized first in early 1990s for drilling re-entry wells as this technique made it economically possible to drill inter-bedded formations. Thereafter, these have accelerated the use of coiled tubing (CT) as drilling application. Technical and logistic challenges associated with CTD as well as drilling in mature area have considerable risks that indeed require steps of evaluation to properly understand the task so that prevention and mitigation measures can be set and overall risk picture can be evaluated to make the decision for initiating the concept and then the planning phase. However, CTD operation in offshore environments is still not as widely used as on land operation and still needs in depth studies to evaluate its feasibility due to limited space and cost efficiency. Utilizing previous experiences will enhance the study with lessons learned and positive practices done when drilling with CTD specifically on GF-A platform. Performing CTD as independent operation compared to CTD conducted by utilizing drilling tower on the platform have completely different planning, and special attention must be taken in considerations regarding top side equipment that should to be identified during the feasibility and execution phase. The investigation of these points has made a significant contribution in the final conclusion of this study. This thesis describes the CT as a well service tool that can offer different solutions for different applications. A general introduction to CT surface and downhole equipment supported with Figures is presented to allow better understanding for an inexperienced reader. The CTD represents the core subject of this thesis and presented by first introducing the CTD as a relatively new drilling application with its opportunities and limitations. This is followed by case studies for similar operations held in Norway and from two different places around the world executed by two different operating companies. Variables that impact the drilling operation are highlighted with a guideline to achieve the optimal drilling parameters so that one feasible solution can be met as intended by t this study. As the well integrity importance is crucial for the entire well’s life cycle, the well barrier schematics during drilling operation and proposed plug and abandonment plan are presented in this report. The discussion has also covered the time and cost estimations as well as platform capacity with respect to deck space and people onboard capacity. The people onboard capacity made a significant impact on the final outcome of the feasibility study to perform CTD operation on GFA-A. The new technologies and comparison between CTD and conventional rotary through tubing drilling is outlined to highlight both strength and limitations for both applications so that future drilling operation can be carried out in an optimal way.Statoi

Influence of Thermal Cycling on Cement Sheath Integrity

The number of well integrity issues increase in the petroleum industry as wells are exposed to severe downhole conditions and have longer lifetimes. Techniques for enhanced oil recovery, like steam injection and field development in the Arctic, expose downhole materials to harsh cyclic temperature variations. This is also the scenario for normal production situations, although not to the same extent. Production can be stopped for various technical or non-technical reasons, or for injection purposes, all of which influence the temperature in a well. Heating and cooling make the steel casing expand and contract as a result of thermal expansion. This volumetric change can influence downhole well barriers, e.g. annular cement sheaths leading them to fail. Failure of annular cement sheaths can introduce well integrity issues and subsequent well leakages of downhole formation fluids. An experimental set-up was build during the present work to investigate the effect of thermal cycling on annular cement sheath integrity. The set-up included all the three materials in a well, casing, cement and rock allowing the whole system to be tested in one assembly at the laboratory scale. The testing specimens are composed of steel pipe cemented in place in a confining rock, thereby representing a downscaled wellbore. Temperature variations were applied radially to the casing and the effect of these variations on cement sheath integrity were observed. In-situ well integrity was continuously monitored by means of Acoustic Emission Testing (AET), and post failure analysis was conducted by Computed Tomography (CT) investigations. Three specimens were tested during the present work: The first sample was not exposed to any thermal cycles ("virgin" sample), and was directly sent to CT investigation after cement curing. The second sample was cemented with a centralized casing and the third was cemented with casing 50% off position. Both of the latter samples were exposed to the same thermal cycle profile.The experimental results from the continuous in-situ AET measurements revealed that casing centralization is important for wellbore integrity and that thinner annular cement sheaths withstand less temperature variations. CT examination and 3D visualization confirmed severe debonding at the casing-cement interface, for all the three specimens, including the uncycled "virgin" specimen. This indicates that the casing-cement bond is generally weak. For the cement-formation interface, the debonding was particularly clear for the two thermally cycled specimens. Furthermore, the 3D visualization results based on CT-scans displayed that, debonding is more prominent than radial cracking. Calculations of interfacial porosity, defined as the volume of interface pores/cracks as a fraction of the total sample volume, revealed that thermal cycling and casing centralization affects the magnitude of debonding and cracking of cement. The "50% casing stand-off" sample showed most interfacial porosity (1.38%), followed by "centralized casing" sample (1.18%) and finally, uncycled "virgin" sample showed, least interfacial porosity (0.59%). This displays that thermal cycling does indeed affect the sealing ability of annular cement sheaths in a negative way.Future work is essential in order to fully understand within which temperature ranges a particular well can be operated, without leaks along the annular cement sheaths. This can be obtained by conducting tests varying the different materials. Experiments with different cement systems, various formations and casing surface finishes can be executed. In addition, experimental tests determining the effect of exposing the formation to drilling fluids prior to cementing and further thermal cycling can be conducted. Effect of various wellbore scaling ratios is also important, as the effect of the material curvatures and total volumes on the obtained results are unknown

Intelligent Control of SMART Materials for Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices

The investigation of innovative materials and intelligent control systems has been motivated by the desire to provide sustainable energy solutions, with the aim of improving the efficiency and adaptability of energy harvesting and storage devices. This study introduces an innovative methodology to tackle this issue by combining SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysing, and Reporting Technology) materials with sophisticated intelligent control approaches. The system under consideration utilises the intrinsic material characteristics of SMART materials, including piezoelectric, thermoelectric, and shape memory alloys, with the objective of capturing and transforming ambient energy into electrical power that can be effectively utilised. In order to fully harness the capabilities of SMART materials, a novel control framework is proposed that integrates machine learning algorithms, real-time sensor data, and adaptive control procedures. The intelligent control system enhances the effectiveness and durability of energy harvesting and storage devices by effectively adjusting to different operational situations and optimising energy conversion and storage processes. The findings demonstrate significant enhancements in energy conversion efficiency as well as notable advancements in the longevity and dependability of energy systems utilising SMART materials. Furthermore, the capacity of the control system to adjust to various environmental circumstances and energy sources situates this research at the forefront of cutting-edge energy technology