Caule decomposto de babaçu (Attlea speciosa Mart.) como substrato para produção de mudas de melancieira

No sistema de produção de plantas, incluindo a melancia, o substrato tem importância considerada no desenvolvimento de mudas, que vai influenciar não só na germinação, mas em um aumento considerável na produção. Por esta razão com o presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a utilização do caule decomposto de babaçu como substrato na produção de mudas de melancieira, cultivar Crimson Sweet. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais (CCAA), da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA). Foi adotado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos de substratos a base de caule decomposto de babaçu (CDB), nas seguintes proporções: T1- 100% de substrato comercial; T2- 20% de CDB + 80% de Solo; T3- 40% de CDB + 60% de Solo; T4- 60% de CDB + 40% de Solo; T5- 80% de CDB + 20% de Solo; T6- 100% de CDB, foram realizadas quatro repetições, com 12 mudas por parcela. Não foi averiguado efeito significativo para o porcentual de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, índice de qualidade de Dickson, volume e massa seca do sistema radicular, enquanto para o número de folhas, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, massa seca da parte aérea e comprimento radicular, registrou-se diferença significativa entre as diferentes composições de CDB e o substrato comercial. O caule decomposto com 100% de babaçu apresentou resultados semelhantes ao substrato comercial, e portanto, pode ser utilizado como substrato para a produção de mudas de melancieira, em função do ótimo desempenho das mudas, fácil obtenção e baixo custo

Análise da dinâmica dunar da praia de Lagoinha - CE por meio de dados topográficos e aerofotogamétricos

The coast of Ceará is known for its beautiful beaches, and dunes that make up being one of the main reasons for visiting tourists to the state. These same dunes that adorn, often become a problem for some coastal towns. The study of the movement of dunes in coastal areas is essential in order that its displacement can cause damage to existing physical structures on the beaches and, consequently, deter tourism, an activity that can boost the city's economy. Thus, this study aims to monitor the dynamics of a body of dune sand dunes on the beach in Lagoinha in the town of Paraipaba / CE, through surveying and aerial photographs implemented in the periods 2002 and 2007. Looking for different methodologies and solutions to bring more economic use of a non-metric camera, where photos have formed a digital mosaic, which had its points fixed on the support of surveying. Obtaining the digital mosaic for the data analysis shows that there was displacement of the dunes in this area of study. And after analysis we realized that moving the same compared to other surveys, did not occur quickly, we can conclude that the vegetation between the city and the body is able to soften the dunes of the dune movement, however, does attention if necessary to avoid possible inconvenience. This work contributes to a better understanding of the methodologies used for environmental mapping.Pages: 2355-235

Impact of humic substances and nitrogen fertilising on the fruit quality and yield of custard apple

The custard apple (Annona squamosa L.), also known as the sugar apple, is a fruit species native to Brazil that has been poorly studied, especially in relation to the effect of humic substances on its fruit quality and yield. An experiment was conducted from December 2010 to November 2011 to evaluate the fruit quality and yield of the custard apple as a function of nitrogen fertilising and the use of humic substances. The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks, with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement (4 x 2), using four nitrogen doses (0, 100, 175 and 250 g of N plant-1) and two humic substance applications (with and without humic substances), with four replications. The fruit yield and fruit characteristics, such as fruit mass, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), pulp pH and SS/TA ratio, were recorded. The humic substances and the nitrogen levels significantly affected the soluble solids, titratable acidity and SS/TA ratio, while the pH pulp was only influenced by the humic substances. The humic substances promoted a quantitative increase in the fruit yield of 0.63 ton ha-1. The fruit quality and yield of the custard apple depend on the nitrogen fertiliser and the interaction of the humic substances. Nitrogen fertilising of 100 g per plant, associated with humic substances, could be recommended for use in the production of custard apples

Evolução temporal do desmatamento na bacia do riacho Corrente, PI

The rapid advance of conventional agriculture in Piauí has caused some anthropogenic effects on the ecosystem, as changes in water quality. Among the factors determining the quality of the water system are the use and occupation of land, to analyze these parameters is necessary the analysis of the entire river basin, so as to promote a sustainable planning. In this sense this paper conducted a quantitative survey and the historical evolution of acreage and degraded within the River Basin Corrente, Piauí.. For this we used images obtained by TM - Landsat 5 to form mosaics that show the degradation process in different years (1985, 1990, 2000 and 2010). To delimit the catchment area of the basin, we used a Digital Elevation Model Hydrologically Consistent, so it was possible to visualize the catchment area. After these procedures was conducted the composition of spectral bands and image analysis. We noticed the presence of farms in the basin since the years 1985 to 1990, showing that long ago the savannah areas were targeted for agricultural production. During all periods analyzed was there presence of burned areas, common in savannah areas, also went up by more than 100% of the use and occupation of land for crops and consequent reduction of savannah biome and riparian vegetation.Pages: 6673-667

GROWTH, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF FORMOSA ‘PAPAYA’ CULTIVATED UNDER DIFFERENT DOSES OF COATED AND CONVENTIONAL UREA

Mineral fertilizer management is one of the most important agronomic techniques applied in papaya cultivation, which generally extracts large amounts of nutrients from soil, especially nitrogen. This study aimed to assess the phytotechnical and physiological attributes and yield of „Formosa‟ papaya hybrid Caliman 01 as a function of different doses of coated and conventional urea in the region of Bom Jesus - PI, Brazil. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme (2 × 4) and distributed in a randomized block design with four replications, corresponding to 2 nitrogen sources (coated urea, 43% of N; and conventional urea, 45% of N) and 4 doses nitrogen (350, 440, 530 and 620 g per plant). The N doses used corresponded to 80, 100, 120 and 140% of the nitrogen fertilization. It was used six plants per plot with two row borders, totaling 192 plants cultivated in the field. It was assessed the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (int.PAR), radiation interception efficiency (PAREff.), leaf area index (LAI), plant height, stem diameter and yield. The coated urea promotes a higher growth and yield of „Formosa‟ papaya compared to the conventional urea. The application of 1.0 g of coated N promotes the production of 2.87 g of fruit per hectare while the application of 1.0 g of conventional N produces only 1.89 g of fruit per hectare, showing that the source of polymerized N increases the use efficiency of N applied to soil

Biochar on substrate for seedling production of yellow passion fruit

O biochar é o produto da combustão incompleta de restos de material orgânico ou de culturas voltadas à sua produção, que possui alto teor de carbono e grande área superficial devido à porosidade, que é consequência do processo de queima. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em substrato contendo biochar. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Bom Jesus-PI; adotando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos representados pela proporção de biochar, como segue: 0,0; 5,0; 12,5; 25,0 e 50,0%, adicionadas ao substrato base, composto pela mistura de solo e esterco bovino na proporção 1:2. Foram utilizadas cinco repetições de 10 plântulas. As características avaliadas foram: emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, altura de plântula, diâmetro do caule, comprimento da maior raiz, volume radicular, massa seca de raiz e parte aérea e concentração de clorofila. As concentrações de biochar influenciam a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo. O aumento da proporção de biochar no substrato proporcionou a melhor qualidade de mudas com concentração de 50% do produto na composição do substrato.The biochar is the product of incomplete combustion of residual organic material or cash crops to their production, which has high carbon content and large surface area due to porosity, which is a consequence of the burning process. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings on substrate containing biochar. The experiment was conducted in Bom Jesus County, Piaui State, Brazil using a completely randomized design with five treatments represented by the proportion of biochar as follows: 0.0; 5.0; 12.5; 25 and 50.0%, added to the substrate made by mixing soil and manure in the ratio 1:2. It was adopted five repetitions with 10 plants each. The characteristics evaluated were, as follows: seedling emergence, emergence rate index, seedling height, stem diameter, length of the largest root, root volume, dry mass of root and shoot and chlorophyll concentration. The concentrations of biochar influence the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The increase in the proportion of biochar on the substrate provided the best quality seedlings with 50% concentration in the product composition of the substrate.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Biochar on substrate for seedling production of yellow passion fruit

O biochar é o produto da combustão incompleta de restos de material orgânico ou de culturas voltadas à sua produção, que possui alto teor de carbono e grande área superficial devido à porosidade, que é consequência do processo de queima. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em substrato contendo biochar. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Bom Jesus-PI; adotando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos representados pela proporção de biochar, como segue: 0,0; 5,0; 12,5; 25,0 e 50,0%, adicionadas ao substrato base, composto pela mistura de solo e esterco bovino na proporção 1:2. Foram utilizadas cinco repetições de 10 plântulas. As características avaliadas foram: emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, altura de plântula, diâmetro do caule, comprimento da maior raiz, volume radicular, massa seca de raiz e parte aérea e concentração de clorofila. As concentrações de biochar influenciam a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo. O aumento da proporção de biochar no substrato proporcionou a melhor qualidade de mudas com concentração de 50% do produto na composição do substrato.The biochar is the product of incomplete combustion of residual organic material or cash crops to their production, which has high carbon content and large surface area due to porosity, which is a consequence of the burning process. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings on substrate containing biochar. The experiment was conducted in Bom Jesus County, Piaui State, Brazil using a completely randomized design with five treatments represented by the proportion of biochar as follows: 0.0; 5.0; 12.5; 25 and 50.0%, added to the substrate made by mixing soil and manure in the ratio 1:2. It was adopted five repetitions with 10 plants each. The characteristics evaluated were, as follows: seedling emergence, emergence rate index, seedling height, stem diameter, length of the largest root, root volume, dry mass of root and shoot and chlorophyll concentration. The concentrations of biochar influence the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The increase in the proportion of biochar on the substrate provided the best quality seedlings with 50% concentration in the product composition of the substrate.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Biochar on substrate for seedling production of yellow passion fruit

O biochar é o produto da combustão incompleta de restos de material orgânico ou de culturas voltadas à sua produção, que possui alto teor de carbono e grande área superficial devido à porosidade, que é consequência do processo de queima. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em substrato contendo biochar. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Bom Jesus-PI; adotando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos representados pela proporção de biochar, como segue: 0,0; 5,0; 12,5; 25,0 e 50,0%, adicionadas ao substrato base, composto pela mistura de solo e esterco bovino na proporção 1:2. Foram utilizadas cinco repetições de 10 plântulas. As características avaliadas foram: emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, altura de plântula, diâmetro do caule, comprimento da maior raiz, volume radicular, massa seca de raiz e parte aérea e concentração de clorofila. As concentrações de biochar influenciam a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo. O aumento da proporção de biochar no substrato proporcionou a melhor qualidade de mudas com concentração de 50% do produto na composição do substrato.The biochar is the product of incomplete combustion of residual organic material or cash crops to their production, which has high carbon content and large surface area due to porosity, which is a consequence of the burning process. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings on substrate containing biochar. The experiment was conducted in Bom Jesus County, Piaui State, Brazil using a completely randomized design with five treatments represented by the proportion of biochar as follows: 0.0; 5.0; 12.5; 25 and 50.0%, added to the substrate made by mixing soil and manure in the ratio 1:2. It was adopted five repetitions with 10 plants each. The characteristics evaluated were, as follows: seedling emergence, emergence rate index, seedling height, stem diameter, length of the largest root, root volume, dry mass of root and shoot and chlorophyll concentration. The concentrations of biochar influence the formation of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The increase in the proportion of biochar on the substrate provided the best quality seedlings with 50% concentration in the product composition of the substrate.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale