Sicole: diagnóstico y tratamiento computarizado de la dislexia en español

En este articulo realizamos un recorrido sobre las investigaciones más relevantes en el campo de la tecnología aplicada al diseño instruccional, las cuales marcan las pautas de diseño de los programas educativos actuales y presentamos los criterios pedagógicos y tecnológicos que hemos seguido en el diseño e implementación de un ITS para la diagnóstico, evaluación y tratamiento de niños con Dislexia en el lenguaje español. Este trabajo se halla dentro del marco de un proyecto de investigación interdisciplinar titulado SICOLE, formado por psicólogos, pedagogos e informáticos.In this paper we present the most significant researchers in the area of technology applied to instructional design. Also, we describe the pedagogical and technological principles followed in the design and implementation of an Intelligent Tutorial System for assessment and treatment of dyslexic children in Spanish language. This work is result of a multidisciplinary research with engineers, teachers and psychologists and it has been funded by «Fondos Europeos para el Desarrollo Regional» (FEDER), 1FD97-1140, and the «Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica» (DIGICYT). This package has being used in several Spanish schools as part of its validation process

Increasing the availability and utilization of reliable data on population micronutrient (MN) status globally: the MN Data Generation Initiative.

Micronutrient (MN) deficiencies can produce a broad array of adverse health and functional outcomes. Young, preschool children and women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries are most affected by these deficiencies, but the true magnitude of the problems and their related disease burdens remain uncertain because of the dearth of reliable biomarker information on population MN status. The reasons for this lack of information include a limited understanding by policy makers of the importance of MNs for human health and the usefulness of information on MN status for program planning and management; insufficient professional capacity to advocate for this information and design and implement related MN status surveys; high costs and logistical constraints involved in specimen collection, transport, storage, and laboratory analyses; poor access to adequately equipped and staffed laboratories to complete the analyses reliably; and inadequate capacity to interpret and apply this information for public health program design and evaluation. This report describes the current situation with regard to data availability, the reasons for the lack of relevant information, and the steps needed to correct this situation, including implementation of a multi-component MN Data Generation Initiative to advocate for critical data collection and provide related technical assistance, laboratory services, professional training, and financial support

Exposure to Mass Media and Interpersonal Counseling Has Additive Effects on Exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Psychosocial Determinants Among Vietnamese Mothers

The pathways through which behavior change interventions impact breastfeeding practices have not been well studied. This study aimed to examine: (1) the effects of exposure to mass media and interpersonal counseling on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and hypothesized psychosocial determinants (i.e. knowledge, intention, beliefs, social norms, and self-efficacy); and (2) the pathways through which exposure to mass media and interpersonal counseling are associated with EBF. We used survey data from mothers with children\u3c 2 year (n = 2045) from the 2013 process evaluation of Alive & Thrive’s program in Viet Nam. Multiple linear regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used to estimate effects. Exposure to mass media only, interpersonal counseling only, both or neither was 51%, 5%, 19% and 25%, respectively. Exposure to both mass media and interpersonal counseling had additive effects on EBF as well as on related psychosocial factors, compared with no exposure. For example, EBF prevalence was 26.1 percentage points (pp) higher in the group that received interpersonal counseling only, 3.9 pp higher in the mass media group and 31.8 pp higher in the group that received both interventions. As hypothesized, more than 90% of the total effect of the two interventions on EBF was explained by the psychosocial factors measured. Our findings suggest that combining different behavior change interventions leads to greater changes in psychosocial factors, which in turn positively affects breastfeeding behaviors

Different Combinations of Behavior Change Interventions and Frequencies of Interpersonal Contacts Are Associated With Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam

Background: Social and behavior change communication interventions are integral to improving dietary and care practices, but evidence on the impact of the combination and intensity of these interventions in different contexts is scarce. Objectives: We examined the extent of and factors associated with intervention exposure: interpersonal communication (IPC) alone or with other interventions (i.e., mass media, community mobilization, or nutrition-sensitive agricultural activities), number of and factors associated with IPC contacts, and combinations of intervention components and number of contacts associated with infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. Methods: We used endline survey data from impact evaluations in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam ( = 1001, 1720, and 1001 mothers with children agedy, respectively). Multivariable regression models were used for analyses. Results: Exposure to the interventions varied in all 3 countries. On average, mothers received 8 visits in the last 6 mo in Bangladesh, 2 visits in the last 3 mo in Ethiopia, and 1 visit in the last 6 mo in Vietnam. Across countries, the factors associated with intervention exposure and number of IPC contacts differed. In Ethiopia, exposure to IPC with other interventions was associated with higher odds of achieving minimum meal frequency (OR: 1.6), minimum dietary diversity (OR: 1.8), and consumption of iron-rich foods (OR: 4.7). In Vietnam, exposure to IPC alone or with mass media was associated with higher odds of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF; OR: 2.8-3.7). Near-monthly visits were associated with 2-3 times higher odds of IYCF practices in Bangladesh and Ethiopia. In Vietnam, even 1 IPC visit was associated with 2 times higher odds of EBF. Conclusions: Exposure matters for impact, but the combination of behavior change interventions and number of IPC contacts required to support IYCF behavior change are context specific. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01678716 (Bangladesh), NCT02775552 (Ethiopia), and NCT01676623 (Vietnam)

Risk factors for anaemia among women and their young children hospitalised with suspected thiamine deficiency in northern Lao PDR

Anaemia among women and young children remains a major public health concern. This secondary study describes the anaemia prevalence among young hospitalised children and their mothers in northern Lao People's Democratic Republic and explores possible nutritional causes and risk factors for anaemia. Hospitalised children (ages 21 days to <18 months) with clinical symptoms suggestive of thiamine deficiency disorders were eligible along with their mothers. Venous blood was collected for determination of haemoglobin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol-binding protein (RBP), erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) and acute phase proteins. Risk factors for anaemia were modelled using minimally adjusted logistic regression controlling for age. Haemoglobin results were available for 436 women (mean ± SD age 24.7 ± 6.4 years; 1.6% pregnant) and 427 children (4.3 ± 3.5 months; 60.3% male). Anaemia prevalence (Hb < 120 g/L for nonpregnant women and <110 g/L for pregnant women and children) was 30.7% among women and 55.2% among children. In bivariate analyses, biomarkers significantly associated with anaemia in women were ferritin, sTfR, RBP, EGRac and ThDP. Other risk factors for women were lower BMI, mid-upper arm circumference < 23.5 cm, lower education, lower socioeconomic index, food insecurity, Hmong ethnicity, not/rarely having attended antenatal care, not having taken antenatal iron-containing supplements and not meeting minimum dietary diversity. Risk factors for anaemia among children were older age, male sex, stunting, sTfR, ThDP and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein. Anaemia was common among women and their hospitalised children and was associated with micronutrient deficiencies and socioeconomic, dietary and health care-seeking risk factors, suggesting that multiple strategies are required to prevent anaemia among women and children

Unifying the art, science and business of aquaculture through the information resources and services of SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department Library

Established in 1973 in Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, the Aquaculture Department (AQD) is one of four Departments of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC). AQD is mandated to conduct scientific research to generate aquaculture technologies relevant and appropriate for the region; develop human resources; and produce, disseminate and exchange information on aquaculture. AQD is committed to sustainable development and the responsible stewardship of aquaculture resources through science-based research and the promotion of appropriate technologies and information relevant to the Southeast Asian region (SEAFDEC/AQD, 2009). The need to disseminate AQD’s research results is as important as the conduct of research in fisheries and aquaculture as referred to in the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (Wilkinson and Collins, 2007). In cognizance of the role that AQD should play with respect to its function of disseminating and exchanging information on aquaculture, the AQD Library was established to support the information needs of AQD scientists and staff. In addition, the Library also provides services to visiting researchers, local and international trainees and students, as well as the diverse users from AQD’s partner institutions. During the strategic planning workshop conducted by AQD in 2009, one of the goals identified was for AQD to strengthen the capacities of the aquaculture sector. Matching with such goal, the Library and Data Banking Services Section of the Training and Information Division identified its information dissemination and services target for 2012. Primarily, AQD Library aims to improve accessibility to archived and updated information, and to create a digital library collection of AQD publications and documents. In keeping up its goal of providing quality, current and relevant information, the Library continues to avail of quality print and non-print information resources, to ensure that it keeps abreast of the advancements in aquaculture and fulfil the diverse information needs of users. The Library also introduces innovations in its services with the purpose of unifying the art, science and business of aquaculture, and strengthens its local and international linkages for efficient sharing of knowledge and resources

The development of an institutional repository at the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Philippines

This paper was presented at the 15th Congress of Southeast Asian Librarians (CONSAL) Meeting and General Conference; 28-31 May 2012; Bali, Indonesia.Purpose - This paper aims to present the experiences of SEAFDEC/AQD library staff in digitizing institutional publications and developing an institutional repository (IR). Design/methodology/approach - SEAFDEC/AQD IR or SAIR provides a reliable means for its researchers to store, preserve, share their research outputs, enable easy access to and increase the visibility of its scientific publications. The repository uses DSpace customized with some add-ons. Details on the digitization hardware and software, layout, delivery format, and persistent identifier used are provided. Findings - As of March 2012, the repository contains 771 items with 541 downloadable PDFs. SAIR had 88,287 item views, 69,249 PDF downloads and 271,978 searches. SAIR is registered to and indexed by OpenDOAR, ROAR, Google Scholar and WorldCat. It is harvested by AVANO Ifremer, BASE, Sciencegate.ch and OAIster. Initial impact based on indicators in webometrics ranking web of world repositories and research centers was presented. Reluctance to contribute to IR has been observed by the library staff among SEAFDEC/AQD researchers. Research limitations/implications - The IR can be an effective tool to promote institutional publications and those written by researchers in peer-reviewed journals and to generate higher citations through increased visibility. IR submission policy and procedures are being drafted by the library staff. Practical implications - SAIR provides free access to all in-house publications of SEAFDEC/AQD. Full-text digitized copies of fish farmer-friendly materials like books, handbooks, policy guidebooks, extension manuals, institutional reports, and newsletters can be downloaded. Originality/value - SAIR is one of only three open access institutional repositories registered in the Philippines. The paper discusses the lessons learned and issues to be addressed in developing an IR of value to other institutions considering similar projects. Future plans and further development are also presented

Risk factors for anemia among women and their young children hospitalized with suspected thiamine deficiency in northern Lao PDR

Anemia among women and young children remains a major public health concern. This secondary study describes the anemia prevalence among young hospitalized children and their mothers in Northern Lao PDR, and explores possible nutritional causes and risk factors for anemia. Hospitalized children (ages 21days – <18months) with clinical symptoms suggestive of thiamine deficiency disorders were eligible along with their mothers. Venous blood was collected for determination of hemoglobin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol binding protein (RBP), erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) and acute phase proteins. Risk factors for anemia were modelled using minimally adjusted logistic regression controlling for age. Hemoglobin results were available for 436 women (mean±SD age 24.7±6.4 years; 1.6% pregnant) and 427 children (4.3±3.5 months; 60.3% male). Anemia prevalence (Hb <120g/L for non-pregnant women, <110g/L for pregnant women and children) was 30.7% among women and 55.2% among children. In bivariate analyses, biomarkers significantly associated with anemia in women were ferritin, sTfR, RBP, EGRac, and ThDP. Other risk factors for women were lower BMI, mid-upper arm circumference <23.5cm, lower education, lower socio-economic index, food insecurity, Hmong ethnicity, not/rarely having attended antenatal care, not having taken antenatal iron-containing supplements, and not meeting minimum dietary diversity. Risk factors for anemia among children were older age, male sex, stunting, sTfR, ThDP and AGP. Anemia was common among women and their hospitalized children and was associated with micronutrient deficiencies, and socio-economic, dietary and health care seeking risk factors, suggesting that multiple strategies are required to prevent anemia among women and children.This work was supported, in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [grant number INV-009736]. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. In addition, the U. S. Agency for International Development provided financial support for adding assessment of vitamin B2 biomarker for this article through its flagship multi-sectoral nutrition project, USAID Advancing Nutrition. It was prepared under the terms of contract 7200AA18C00070 awarded to JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc. The contents are the responsibility of UC Davis and JSI and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government