Optimización de las ingestas realizadas durante el periodo competitivo en deportes de invasión

La energía es un factor limitante durante la realización de cualquier actividad física, y concretamente durante la realización de los deportes de invasión. Para impedir el agotamiento de las reservas de glucógeno muscular y hepático durante el ejercicio será necesario controlar la ingesta previa a la competición, la ingesta justo antes de empezar a competir, la que se realiza durante la competición y la que se realiza después de la misma. Para estos deportes, que se realizan a unas grandes intensidades de manera intermitente, las investigaciones han demostrado que se pueden obtener beneficios del consumo de suplementos de hidratos de carbono, tomados antes y durante la competición. Estos beneficios aparecen sobre todo en las últimas fases de la competición, debido fundamentalmente a que, hasta ese momento, se ha evitado parcialmente el agotamiento de las reservas de glucógeno muscular (Sugiura & Kobayashi, 1998) (Segal, Nyman, Kral, & Kotler, 1985)

Antiprotozoal Activity of Essential Oils

In the present scenario of protozoal infections, new drugs are urgently needed to treat and control infections such as malaria, sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and intestinal infections, which affect millions of people each year. In this review, we are focusing on articles related to antiprotozoal essential oils extracted from plants that have been published during the last 20 years. The data analyzed indicate that essential oils could be promising antiprotozoal agents, opening perspectives to the discovery of more effective drugs of vegetal origin for the treatment of diseases caused by protozoa

Multiscale modelling of vascular tumour growth in 3D: the roles of domain size & boundary condition

We investigate a three-dimensional multiscale model of vascular tumour growth, which couples blood flow, angiogenesis, vascular remodelling, nutrient/growth factor transport, movement of, and interactions between, normal and tumour cells, and nutrient-dependent cell cycle dynamics within each cell. In particular, we determine how the domain size, aspect ratio and initial vascular network influence the tumour's growth dynamics and its long-time composition. We establish whether it is possible to extrapolate simulation results obtained for small domains to larger ones, by constructing a large simulation domain from a number of identical subdomains, each subsystem initially comprising two parallel parent vessels, with associated cells and diffusible substances. We find that the subsystem is not representative of the full domain and conclude that, for this initial vessel geometry, interactions between adjacent subsystems contribute to the overall growth dynamics. We then show that extrapolation of results from a small subdomain to a larger domain can only be made if the subdomain is sufficiently large and is initialised with a sufficiently complex vascular network. Motivated by these results, we perform simulations to investigate the tumour's response to therapy and show that the probability of tumour elimination in a larger domain can be extrapolated from simulation results on a smaller domain. Finally, we demonstrate how our model may be combined with experimental data, to predict the spatio-temporal evolution of a vascular tumour

Análisis Contable y Financiero: Una Herramienta Clave Para La Eficiente Gestión Financiera Y Contable En La Empresa/Accounting and Financial Analysis: A Key Tool for Efficient Financial and Accounting Management in the Company

El análisis financiero y contable es fundamental para evaluar el rendimiento real económico, financiero y contable de una empresa, detectar dificultades y aplicar las medidas correctivas necesarias para resolverlos. La información contable que se refleja en los estados financieros como el balance general, cuenta de resultados, y el estado de flujos de efectivo en forma de datos resumidos. Sin embargo, para que los datos sean útiles para los usuarios de los estados financieros y contables, deben estar claramente analizados. Algunas de las maneras de analizar incluyen el uso de ratios, análisis de flujo de efectivo y análisis vertical y horizontal. De este contexto, en este estudio se evaluó la importancia del análisis financiero y contable como una herramienta clave para administrar la empresa eficientemente. El estudio fue analítico en el ámbito de aplicación con diseño documental basado en los fundamentos teóricos de diversos autores. Los resultados más relevantes del análisis indicaron que las empresas, privadas, instituciones públicas y de gobierno hacen hincapié en el uso de análisis de estados financieros como una herramienta para determinar la liquidez, solvencia, precio de las acciones, rentabilidad, crecimiento del negocio y pronósticos. The financial and accounting analysis is fundamental to evaluate the real economic, financial and accounting performance of a company, detect difficulties and apply the necessary corrective measures to solve them. The accounting information in the form of financial statements such as the balance sheet, income statement, and the statement of cash flows in the form of summary data. However, for the data to be useful for the users of the financial and accounting statements they must be analyzed. Some of the ways to analyze include the use of ratios, cash flow analysis and vertical and horizontal analysis. In this context, this study will evaluate the importance of financial and accounting analysis as a key tool to manage the company efficiently. The study will be analytical in the scope of application with documentary design based on the theoretical foundations of various authors. The most relevant results of the analysis indicate that companies, private, public and government institutions emphasize the use of financial statement analysis as a tool to determine liquidity, solvency, share price, profitability, business growth and forecasts. Palabras clave: contable, financiero, eficiencia, gestión, empresa. Keywords: accounting, financial, efficiency, management, company

The effects of intrinsic noise on the behaviour of bistable cell regulatory systems under quasi-steady state conditions

We analyse the effect of intrinsic fluctuations on the properties of bistable stochastic systems with time scale separation operating under1 quasi-steady state conditions. We first formulate a stochastic generalisation of the quasi-steady state approximation based on the semi-classical approximation of the partial differential equation for the generating function associated with the Chemical Master Equation. Such approximation proceeds by optimising an action functional whose associated set of Euler-Lagrange (Hamilton) equations provide the most likely fluctuation path. We show that, under appropriate conditions granting time scale separation, the Hamiltonian can be re-scaled so that the set of Hamilton equations splits up into slow and fast variables, whereby the quasi-steady state approximation can be applied. We analyse two particular examples of systems whose mean-field limit has been shown to exhibit bi-stability: an enzyme-catalysed system of two mutually-inhibitory proteins and a gene regulatory circuit with self-activation. Our theory establishes that the number of molecules of the conserved species are order parameters whose variation regulates bistable behaviour in the associated systems beyond the predictions of the mean-field theory. This prediction is fully confirmed by direct numerical simulations using the stochastic simulation algorithm. This result allows us to propose strategies whereby, by varying the number of molecules of the three conserved chemical species, cell properties associated to bistable behaviour (phenotype, cell-cycle status, etc.) can be controlled.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of Chemical Physic

Algunos aspectos de producción pecuaria en la Regional No. 1.

Ovinos-Ganado ovino - Ovis arie