Gapless Assembly of Maize Chromosomes Using Long-Read Technologies

Creating gapless telomere-to-telomere assemblies of complex genomes is one of the ultimate challenges in genomics. We use two independent assemblies and an optical map-based merging pipeline to produce a maize genome (B73-Ab10) composed of 63 contigs and a contig N50 of 162 Mb. This genome includes gapless assemblies of chromosome 3 (236 Mb) and chromosome 9 (162 Mb), and 53 Mb of the Ab10 meiotic drive haplotype. The data also reveal the internal structure of seven centromeres and five heterochromatic knobs, showing that the major tandem repeat arrays (CentC, knob180, and TR-1) are discontinuous and frequently interspersed with retroelements

Targeting of CD38 and other NAD-dependent Enzymes in Leukemia Patients

Background Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. This paper highlights the role of nicotinamide adenine din- ucleotide (NAD) consuming enzymes such as CD38, PARP1, and SIRT1 in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and patients suffering from chronic myeloid leukemia. Materials and methods Based on recent data. 40 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 40 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 30 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and 40 healthy persons served as controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) sandwich technique was used to detect the serum levels of CD38, PARP1, and SIRT1. Results In patient, groups compared to the control group, CD38 con- centrations were discovered to be considerably higher (p < 0.05), especially in the CML group, also Comparing patient groups to the control group, it was discovered that the amounts of PARP1 were considerably greater (p < 0.05), especially CML group, and When compared to the control group, the patient groups’ SIRT1 concentrations were discovered to be considerably greater, especially AML group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The results obtained show that there is a reliable correla- tion between the NAD-dependent enzymes and groups of patients suffering from leukemia and are considered predictive indicators of the pathological condition that can be used in the future in treatments

Smart tourism destination in smart cities paradigm: a model for Antalya

Smart tourism destination (STD) concept has taken serious attention as a result of the smart city initiatives. Technology connects all organizations, entities, activities, and elements. Tourism is a multidimensional service system covering different actors and organizations. When a tourism destination gets smarter, the tourists’ needs and demands are expected to be fulfilled more efficiently to create a better tourist experience. This paper aims to examine the content of smart tourism destination and its link with smart city addressing a model for Antalya as a candidate for a smart tourism destination.No sponso

Deep sequencing reveals differences in the transcriptional landscapes of fibers from two cultivated species of cotton

Cotton (Gossypium) fiber is the most prevalent natural product used in the textile industry. The two major cultivated species, G. hirsutum (Gh) and G. barbadense (Gb), are allotetraploids with contrasting fiber quality properties. To better understand the molecular basis for their fiber differences, EST pyrosequencing was used to document the fiber transcriptomes at two key development stages, 10 days post anthesis (dpa), representing the peak of fiber elongation, and 22 dpa, representing the transition to secondary cell wall synthesis. The 617,000 high quality reads (89% of the total 692,000 reads) from 4 libraries were assembled into 46,072 unigenes, comprising 38,297 contigs and 7,775 singletons. Functional annotation of the unigenes together with comparative digital gene expression (DGE) revealed a diverse set of functions and processes that were partly linked to specific fiber stages. Globally, 2,770 contigs (7%) showed differential expression (>2-fold) between 10 and 22 dpa (irrespective of genotype), with 70% more highly expressed at 10 dpa, while 2,248 (6%) were differentially expressed between the genotypes (irrespective of stage). The most significant genes with differential DGE at 10 dpa included expansins and lipid transfer proteins (higher in Gb), while at 22 dpa tubulins, cellulose, and sucrose synthases showed higher expression in Gb. DGE was compared with expression data of 10 dpa-old fibers from Affymetrix microarrays. Among 543 contigs showing differential expression on both platforms, 74% were consistent in being either over-expressed in Gh (242 genes) or in Gb (161 genes). Furthermore, the unigene set served to identify 339 new SSRs and close to 21,000 inter-genotypic SNPs. Subsets of 88 SSRs and 48 SNPs were validated through mapping and added 65 new loci to a RIL genetic map. The new set of fiber ESTs and the gene-based markers complement existing available resources useful in basic and applied research for crop improvement in cotton