Woodcutting Activities in Tabuk Region (Saudi Arabia): Assessment of Conservation Knowledge

The present study aims to investigate the effect of different social factors on the woodcutting frequency in Tabuk Region. A total of 100 people participated in this study by answering the questionnaire questions. The conservation knowledge of the participants was also assessed through 4 questions (Yes or No). The final score of the conservation knowledge assessment is 4. The present study findings showed that most of people like to cut the wood for heating during winter and fall seasons. The frequency of woodcutting in Tabuk Region was once a month. Among the social factors involved in this study, education showed negative and significant relationship with the number of logging times. However, age had positive relationship with the number of logging times. The most favourbale species to be cut and used for heating and cooking in Tabuk are; Acacia tortilis, Acacia ehrenbergiana, Retama reaetam and Calligonum comosum. For the assessment of the public conservation knowledge, it was found that most of participants had moderate to good conservation knowledge as most of them answered 3 questions correctly out of 4. The conservation knowledge showed to be affected positively by education level and negatively by the number of family members. In conclusion, it was found that there is remarkable woodcutting stress on wild plants in Tabuk Region and immediate and effective actions should be performe

Diabetes and the Skin

Diabetes mellitus can cause alterations of skin homeostasis by both primary diabetes-induced changes of skin metabolism and by associated complications, such as vasculopathy and neuropathy resulting in various skin manifestations. Hyperglycemia-induced nonenzymatic glycation of structural and regulatory proteins plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. In addition, diabetic patients often exhibit altered keratinocyte functions due to the influence of insulin on keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and migration, resulting in impaired epidermal barrier function, delayed wound healing, and reduced stratum corneum hydration. This review describes the clinical aspects of the most common dermatologic skin manifestations that could be observed in patients with diabetes, which can be distinguished into specific cutaneous markers of diabetes and non-specific skin conditions associated with diabetes. The wide range of dermatologic conditions related to impaired glucose metabolism is important across multiple medical specialties to identify undiagnosed diabetes as early as possible and to better manage patients with known disease

Change of daily process measures over the study period among the whole cohort and in subgroups of ICUs with baseline spontaneous trial (SAT) compliance of >50% and ≤50.

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List of participating sites and ethics committee approvals.

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Data measures definitions.

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Characteristics of participating sites.

IQR: interquartile range. (PDF)</p

Map of Saudi Arabia with distribution of participating ICUs.

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Distribution of compliance, non-compliance and contraindications (with reasons) to the interventions.

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Minimal underlying data.

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