9 research outputs found
The perceived vulnerability to disease scale: Crossâcultural measurement invariance and associations with fear of COVIDâ19 across 16 countries
Using crossâsectional data from N = 4274 young adults across 16 countries during the COVIDâ19 pandemic, we examined the crossâcultural measurement invariance of the perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) scale and tested the hypothesis that the association between PVD and fear of COVIDâ19 is stronger under high disease threat [that is, absence of COVIDâ19 vaccination, living in a country with lower Human Development Index (HDI) or higher COVIDâ19 mortality]. Results supported a biâfactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling model where items loaded on a global PVD factor, and on the subâfactors of Perceived Infectability and Germ Aversion. However, crossânational invariance could only be obtained on the configural level with a reduced version of the PVD scale (PVDâr), suggesting that the concept of PVD may vary across nations. Moreover, higher PVDâr was consistently associated with greater fear of COVIDâ19 across all levels of disease threat, but this association was especially pronounced among individuals with a COVIDâ19 vaccine, and in contexts where COVIDâ19 mortality was high. The present research brought clarity into the dimensionality of the PVD measure, discussed its suitability and limitations for crossâcultural research, and highlighted the pandemicârelated conditions under which higher PVD is most likely to go along with psychologically maladaptive outcomes, such as fear of COVIDâ19
I can see (myself) clearly now: Exploring the mediating role of self-concept clarity in the association between self-compassion and indicators of well-being.
Is there a connection between loving oneself, knowing oneself, and mental well-being? Self-compassion-a construct that consists of self-kindness, acknowledgment of common humanity, and mindfulness-is associated with numerous positive outcomes including indicators of mental well-being. However, little research exists exploring the mechanism(s) by which self-compassion operates to influence these outcomes. It is possible that self-concept clarity, or the extent to which one's self-beliefs are clearly defined and stable, acts as such a mechanism. In the current study, we explored the mediating role of self-concept clarity in the associations between self-compassion and three indicators of mental well-being: perceived stress, depressive symptomatology, and life satisfaction. Self-compassion was significantly associated with each of the three indicators of well-being. Additionally, self-concept clarity statistically mediated the relationships between self-compassion and depressive symptomatology, perceived stress, and satisfaction with life. The results of this study suggest a potential mechanism by which self-compassion is associated with greater well-being
White Privilege & COVID-19 threat
How might external threat, such as an infectious disease, affect the experience and endorsement of White Privilege? This study seeks to explore the relationship between symbolic and realistic threat posed by COVID-19, and the endorsement of White Privilege
Predictors of immigration attitudes
Investigates the role of dehumanization in religiosity-immigrant prejudice relationship
A multi-site collaborative study of the hostile priming effect
In a now-classic study by Srull and Wyer (1979), people who were exposed to phrases with hostile content subsequently judged a man as being more hostile. And this âhostile priming effectâ has had a significant influence on the field of social cognition over the subsequent decades. However, a recent multi-lab collaborative study (McCarthy et al., 2018) that closely followed the methods described by Srull and Wyer (1979) found a hostile priming effect that was nearly zero, which casts doubt on whether these methods reliably produce an effect. To address some limitations with McCarthy et al. (2018), the current multi-site collaborative study included data collected from 29 labs. Each lab conducted a close replication (total N = 2,123) and a conceptual replication (total N = 2,579) of Srull and Wyer\u27s methods. The hostile priming effect for both the close replication (d = 0.09, 95% CI [-0.04, 0.22], z = 1.34, p =.16) and the conceptual replication (d = 0.05, 95% CI [-0.04, 0.15], z = 1.15, p =.58) were not significantly different from zero and, if the true effects are non-zero, were smaller than what most labs could feasibly and routinely detect. Despite our best efforts to produce favorable conditions for the effect to emerge, we did not detect a hostile priming effect. We suggest that researchers should not invest more resources into trying to detect a hostile priming effect using methods like those described in Srull and Wyer (1979)
A Multi-Site Collaborative Study of the Hostile Priming Effect
In a now-classic study by Srull and Wyer (1979), people who were exposed to phrases with hostile content subsequently judged a man as being more hostile. And this âhostile priming effectâ has had a significant influence on the field of social cognition over the subsequent decades. However, a recent multi-lab collaborative study (McCarthy et al., 2018) that closely followed the methods described by Srull and Wyer (1979) found a hostile priming effect that was nearly zero, which casts doubt on whether these methods reliably produce an effect. To address some limitations with McCarthy et al. (2018), the current multi-site collaborative study included data collected from 29 labs. Each lab conducted a close replication (total N = 2,123) and a conceptual replication (total N = 2,579) of Srull and Wyerâs methods. The hostile priming effect for both the close replication (d = 0.09, 95% CI [-0.04, 0.22], z = 1.34, p = .16) and the conceptual replication (d = 0.05, 95% CI [-0.04, 0.15], z = 1.15, p = .58) were not significantly different from zero and, if the true effects are non-zero, were smaller than what most labs could feasibly and routinely detect. Despite our best efforts to produce favorable conditions for the effect to emerge, we did not detect a hostile priming effect. We suggest that researchers should not invest more resources into trying to detect a hostile priming effect using methods like those described in Srull and Wyer (1979)