A planar UWB semicircular-shaped monopole antenna with quadruple band notch for WiMAX, ARN, WLAN, and X-Band

This paper proposed quadruple notched frequency bands ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna. The antenna is a semicircular-shaped monopole type of a compact size 36x24 mm, covering frequency range of 3.02-14 GHz. Four rejected narrow bands including WiMAX (3.3-3.7GHz), ARN (4.2-4.5 GHz), WLAN (5.15-5.825GHz), X-Band (7.25-7.75) have been achieved using inserting slots techniques in the patch, feed line, and ground plane. The slots dimensions have been optimized for the required reject bands. The antenna design and analysis have been investigated by simulation study using CST-EM software package. The antenna characteristics including impedance bandwidth, surface current, gain, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern have been discussed

The Use of Expendable Local Zeolite Deposits for NH4 Removal in Municipal Wastewater

Zeolitic tuff from Al-Tafila area (southern Jordan) has been investigated and tested for its uptake of ammonium (NH4+) from treated domestic wastewater using pilot plant scale column system. The zeolitic volcanic tuff from Jabal Al-Ataita is mainly represented by vitric and vitric crystal tuff. In this zeolitic tuff deposits, a percentage of about (46-65%) of volcanic glass in the pyroclastic sequence has been replaced by zeolites. The main zeolite species identified in volcanic tuffs from Al-Ataita volcano is phillipsite. The removal experiments were carried out depending on size fraction and bed depth of the zeolitic tuff. The used wastewater was collected from the treated wastewater effluent from Al-Tafila wastewater treatment plant. Breakthrough curves were constructed to differentiate between the ammonium removal efficiency using different size cuts of zeolitic tuff. The ammonium ions were completely removed from (32 ppm NH4+) solution onto 40 g of zeolitic material in the first time of filtration. Natural zeolitic tuff of 0.55-0.710 mm size fraction showed the highest breakthrough point and exhaustion point. The results of the study suggests that the zeolitic tuff of Jabal Al-Ataita with a size fraction of (0.55-0.710 mm) can be used as a final stage (following the biological process) in wastewater treatment plants in order to assure compliance with environmental standards

Effect of Inherent Anisotropy on Shear Strength Following Crushing of Natural Aqaba Subgrade Sand

Inherent anisotropy affects the overall shear strength of sand deposits. Soil inherent anisotropy was evaluated for pre-crushed Aqaba subgrade sand by deposition of soil grains onto an inclined surface. Crushing of Aqaba sand was induced by one-dimensional compression. Sand characteristic properties (mineralogical properties, grain size and crushing resistance strength) were determined by standard laboratory testing. Particle breakage factors and inter-particle void ratio were calculated from the initial and final gradations of the soil samples. Moreover, shear strength components for sand specimens were resolved. Inspection of the residual shear strength parameters showed an increase, where the amount of particle crushing increased regardless the level of the normal stress being applied. Furthermore, examining the effect of inherent anisotropy showed that a considerable amount of the dilation occurs when the particles tend to lie orthogonal to the horizontal plane regardless the extent of breakage

Mn+2 and Cd+2 Removal from Industrial Wastewater Using Phillipsitic Tuff from Jabal Uniza, Southern Jordan

Southern Jordanian natural zeolitic tuffs outcropped in Uniza volcano have been investigated and tested for their heavy metals' removal capacity. The main species identified in Uniza natural zeolitic tuffs are: phillipsite and, subordinately, chabazite. The effects of particle size and stirring time were examined in the removal experiments. Two types of Uniza phillipsitic tuff were used in the removal of Mn+2 and Cd+2 from treated industrial wastewater. The first type is the reddish bulk sample (UZ1), while the second type is the separated size (UZ2) fraction between 1 and 0.3 mm. Batch and column tests were performed to determine the removal capacity of Mn+2 and Cd+2 from treated industrial wastewater. In batch experiments (static regime), the use of UZ2 type shows a higher removal percentage of Mn+2 and Cd+2 compared to UZ1 type for the same time. The results of column experiments indicate that toxic metal ions such as Mn+2 and Cd+2 can be removed with approximately 100% efficiency from industrial wastewater containing similar ions using Jordanian zeolitic tuff. In dynamic regime, by using UZ1 the manganese ions (Mn+2) were completely removed up to 57 BV (1.71 L) and the zeolite exhaustion took place after more than 112 BV (3.36 L), while by using UZ2 the manganese ions were completely removed up to 67 BV (2.01 L) and the zeolite exhaustion took place just around 114 BV (3.42 L). For an efficient cadmium ions removal, the use of UZ1 sample showed a complete removal up to 85 BV (2.55 L) and the zeolite exhaustion took place after more than 129 BV (3.87 L), while the use of UZ2 showed that the Cd+2 ions were completely removed after 151 BV (4.53 L) and the zeolite exhaustion took place after more than 205 BV (6.15 L)

Collusion attacks in Internet of Things: Detection and mitigation using a fog based model

© 2017 IEEE. This paper discusses the problem of collusion attacks in Internet of Things (IoT) environments and how mobility of IoT devices increases the difficulty of detecting such types of attacks. It demonstrates how approaches used in detecting collusion attacks in WSNs are not applicable in IoT environments. To this end, the paper introduces a model based on the Fog Computing infrastructure to keep track of IoT devices and detect collusion attackers. The model uses fog computing layer for real-time monitoring and detection of collusion attacks in IoT environments. Moreover, the model uses a software defined system layer to add a degree of flexibility for configuring Fog nodes in order to enable them to detect various types of collusion attacks. Furthermore, the paper highlights the possible overhead on Fog nodes and network when applying the proposed model, and claims that the Fog layer infrastructure can provide the required resources for the scalability of the model

Assessment of the Buckling Behavior of Square Composite Plates with Circular Cutout Subjected to In-Plane Shear

This paper aims at evaluating the effect of various parameters on the buckling load of square cross-ply laminated plates with circular cutouts. The parameters considered in this study are: (1) cutout size (2) cutout location (3) fiber orientation angle and (4) type of loading. Three types of in-plane loading were considered; namely, uniaxial compression, biaxial compression and shear loading. The reduction in the buckling load due to the increase of cutout size was significant in the case for shear loading as compared to uniaxial and biaxial compression. For relatively small size cutouts, a better performance was achieved if the cutout is kept close to the edge of the plate, however, for relatively large size cutouts, a higher buckling load is achieved if the cutout is kept in the middle of the plate. Several other imperative findings based upon the various parameters are also presented in this study

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Volcanology of Volcanic Tuff Rocks from Jabal Huliat Al-Gran, South of Jordan (New Occurrence)

Jabal Huliat Al-Gran (HG) volcano is one of several volcanic eruptions belonging to south Jordanian basaltic eruptions. Thick pyroclastic deposits of volcanic tuff layers alter slowly to complex mineralogical zonations in closed hydrological alkaline environments, and relatively pure deposits can be formed. Hydrological system and temperature are the principal controls over the zeolitization process. This process involves reactions between the vitric silicic volcanic glass and the percolating water in a closed hydrological system to form distinctive zeolite assemblages. Judging from field and experimental data, formation of phillipsite, chabazite and other secondary rock forming minerals probably took place by reaction of percolating water with vitric tuff units. The petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical investigations include thin section, XRD and SEM-EDX to determine the nature, geneses, along with mineralogical and geochemical properties of this new zeolitic occurrence. This work reveals the presence of zeolites in Huliat Al-Gran taffacious materials. Also, the results indicated that the volcanic tuff is highly altered to zeolites and other minerals. The main zeolites are phillipsite Ca-heulandite (mean Si/Al: 3.30) and chabazite Ca-clinoptilolite (mean Si/Al: 4.35). Zeolite minerals compose 10–60% of the whole volcanic tuff rocks. Thermal analysis indicates high stability for temperature difference. The deposit might be of great importance for Jordan, considering its enormous zeolitized outcrop area. However, the quantitative estimation still needs further investigation

Control of Odorants Emissions from Poultry Manure Using Jordanian Natural Zeolites

Natural zeolitic tuffs from Tall Juhira (southern Jordan) have been investigated and tested for their odor removal capacity. Two types of Tall Juhira zeolitic tuffs were used in the odor sorption from animal wastes. The first type is the separated size fraction between 1 and 0.7 mm (TJ1), while the second type is the separated size fraction between 0.7 and 0.3 mm (TJ2). The effect of particle size was examined in the removal experiments. The main species identified in Tall Juhira natural zeolitic tuffs are: chabazite and – subordinately- faujasite and phillipsite. Zeolitic tuff trap and batch tests were performed to determine the effectiveness of Tall Juhira zeolitic tuffs in the reduction of the odor emission from natural broiler manure. The results were interpreted by using percentage removal curves and diagrams. By using TJ1 in zeolitic trap experiments, the removal percentages of NH3 ranged from 93 to 71, while by using TJ2 the removal percentages ranged from 96 to 81. In batch experiments, the use of TJ2 type shows a higher percentage of NH3 retention than TJ1 type for the same time. The odor panel results show that the control manure (untreated) has the highest odor intensity in all trails. In summary, it can be concluded that odor emission from animal waste can be effectively reduced using Juhira zeolitic tuffs

Standards of teeth preparations for anterior resin bonded all-ceramic crowns in private dental practice in Jordan

OBJECTIVES: To investigate if general dental practitioners (GDPs) in private practice in Jordan follow universal guidelines for preparation of anterior teeth for resin bonded all-ceramic crowns (RBCs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample (n=100) of laboratory models containing 208 tooth preparations for IPS Empress and In Ceram, featuring work from different GDPs, was obtained from 8 commercial dental laboratories. Aspects of preparations were quantified and compared with accepted criteria defined following a review of the literature and recommendations of the manufactures' guidelines. RESULTS: Subgingival margins on the buccal aspect were noticed in 36% of the preparations, 54% demonstrated overpreparation with a tendency to overprepare the teeth on the mesiodistal plane more than buccolingual plane. Twenty percent of samples presented a shoulder finish line while a chamfer margin design was noticed in 39%. Twenty-nine percent and 12% of samples had either a feathered or no clear margin design respectively. Incisal underpreparation was observed in 18% of dies of each type. Only 17% of all preparations were found to follow the recommended anatomical labial preparations while 29% of the RBC preparations were found to have the recommended axial convergence angle. In total, 43% of preparations were found to have the recommended depth of the finish line. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that relevant guidelines for RBC preparations were not being fully adhered to in private practice in Jordan

Durability of cantilever inlay-retained fixed dental prosthesis fabricated from multilayered zirconia ceramics with different designs.

PURPOSE The purpose of this in-vitro study was to investigate the effect of framework design on fracture resistance and failure modes of cantilever inlay-retained fixed partial dentures (IRFDPs) fabricated from two multilayered monolithic zirconia materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-two natural premolar teeth were prepared as abutments for cantilever IRFDPs using three designs: mesial-occlusal (MO) inlay with short buccal and palatal wings (D1), MO inlay with long palatal wing (D2), MO inlay with long palatal wing and occlusal extension (D3). Full-contoured IRFDPs were fabricated from two monolithic zirconia materials; IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime and Zolid Gen-X. Adhesive surfaces were air-abraded and bonded with MDP-containing resin cement. Specimens were subjected to thermocycling (5-55 °C, 5000 cycles); then, mechanical loading (1.2 × 10⁶ cycles, 49 N). Surviving specimens were loaded until failure in the universal testing machine. All specimens were examined under stereomicroscope, and two samples from each group were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscope. RESULTS Mean failure loads were not significantly different between different framework designs or between two materials. However, IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime showed significantly higher failure rate than Zolid Gen-X during dynamic fatigue (p = 0.009). Samples with D1 design showed higher debonding rate, D2 failed mainly by fracture of the palatal wing and debonding, and D3 failed mainly by fracture of the abutment tooth. Debonded restorations showed mainly mixed failures. CONCLUSION Cantilever IRFDPs with framework designs that maximize adhesion to enamel exhibited promising results. IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime was more susceptible to fractures with the long palatal wing design