Radiated emissions and experimental precautions of equipment with cables in GTEM cells

Any electric or electronic equipment sold within the European Union has to comply with the EC Directive on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). To achieve compliance, the equipment must be tested for radiated/conducted emissions and immunity. A wide range of national and international testing methods and standards are in force such as the IEC 61000-40-20. However, standards in general lack of describing testing methods for equipment with cables. Since most devices and systems contain leads and cables; the current standards cannot be directly employed. In an effort to approach this crucial matter, we present the outcomes of measurements conducted on an EUT (metal box) with different cable bundle configurations, in conjunction with both, the correlation algorithm given in the standards and the repeatability concerns between different GTEM cell

TOBACCO USE AND NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL AMONG PATIENTS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS

People with mental illness (MI) are disproportionately affected by tobacco use compared to the general population. In fact, it is estimated that people with MI consume approximately 44% of cigarettes smoked in the United States. Moreover, the MI population is at greater risk for the negative social, economic, and health consequences associated with tobacco use and are reported to have 25-year shorter life expectancies than the general population. The impact of tobacco use is further noticeable among patients with MI who require psychiatric hospitalization. Quitting smoking in this population has been linked to fewer discharges against medical advice, better quality of life, and positive physical and psychological health outcomes. Thus, it is crucial to identify and address factors such as nicotine withdrawal (NW) that may hinder successful quit attempts among hospitalized patients with MIs. Given that many psychiatric facilities have tobacco-free policies, NW is an important phenomenon to consider when delivering tobacco treatment with this population. The NW syndrome is a set of symptoms appearing after 24 hours of abrupt cessation or reduction of tobacco after prolonged duration of use. NW has been associated with impaired patient functioning, lower likelihood of quitting tobacco use, and compromising care during psychiatric hospitalization. Approximately 65% of patients hospitalized in a psychiatric facility with a tobacco-free policy experience NW syndrome. Nonetheless, NW among hospitalized patients with MI is modestly examined in the literature. The purpose of this dissertation is to enhance our understanding of tobacco use and NW among hospitalized patients with MI. Specific aims are to: 1) scrutinize and synthesize the research literature examining NW among tobacco-using patients with MI to outline correlates pertinent to this phenomenon, identify gaps in the literature, and guide future research; 2) evaluate the psychometric properties of the Minnesota tobacco withdrawal scale (MTWS) in capturing NW severity in the MI population during psychiatric hospitalization; and 3) examine whether tobacco-using patients with certain psychiatric diagnoses (psychotic disorders and mood or anxiety disorders) experience varying NW severity, based on self-reported class of substance use (e.g., hallucinogens, inhalants, alcohol) within the year prior to their psychiatric admission. Aim 1 was achieved by conducting a systematic review of the literature using the PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases. The following correlates of NW among people with MI in community and hospital settings were identified: psychiatric diagnosis, sex, race, psychiatric symptom severity, alcohol and drug use, level of nicotine dependence, nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline administration, confidence in quitting, and levels of depression and anxiety. Aim 2 was achieved by conducting a reliability and validity analysis of the MTWS in a sample of psychiatric inpatients. The MTWS demonstrated adequate reliable and valid psychometric properties, and the measure may be recommended for use in clinical practice to identify patients experiencing NW. Aim 3 was achieved by performing a series of moderation analyses to examine the nature of the relationships between psychiatric diagnoses and NW severity, considering the patient’s substance use profile. Lower NW severity was observed among patients with psychotic disorders who reported using hallucinogens; inhalants; opiates; sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics; stimulants; or poly-substances over the past year than those who did not use these substances. Higher NW severity was documented among patients with mood or anxiety disorders who reported using hallucinogens or sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics over the past year compared to those patients who did not use these substances. Considering the high prevalence of tobacco use among patients with MI compared to the general population, a tobacco-free psychiatric hospitalization poses a valuable opportunity to promote cessation. The results of this dissertation demonstrate a need for protocols to better identify NW, based on specific patients’ characteristics, in order to develop tailored interventions during psychiatric hospitalizations to limit barriers to cessation and consequences of tobacco use in this population

Tuberculosis versus COVID-19 Mortality: A New Evidence

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus current pandemic (COVID-19) is the striking subject worldwide hitting countries in an unexplained non-universal pattern. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine was an adopted recent justification depending on its non-specific immune activation properties. Still the problem of post-vaccine short duration of protection needs to be solved. The same protective mechanism was identified in active or latent tuberculosis (TB). For each single patient of active TB, there are about nine cases of asymptomatic latent TB apparently normal individuals living within the community without restrictions carrying benefits of immune activation and involved in re-infection cycles in an excellent example of repeated immunity training sessions of the whole community. AIM: We aimed to asses the correlation between TB burden and COVID-19 mortality in all affected countries having different BCG vaccination policies. METHODS: Publicly available data were extracted for 191 countries including population size, TB estimations, national BCG vaccination policy, the World Health Organization regions and economic classification, and COVID-19 mortality and number of cases. The analysis was performed using Spearman’s correlation test. RESULTS: Significant large negative correlation (−0.539, p < 0.001) was found between TB prevalence and COVID-19 mortality rate worldwide. Medium negative significant correlations were found between TB cases and COVID-19 mortality in the high and lower middle-income countries, and those having current BCG vaccination programs (−0.395, p = 0.001, −0.365, p = 0.015, and −0.476, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Countries with high TB prevalence have higher chances of protection against COVID-19 mortality through the theory of widely distributed natural immune activation within community. Confounders should be assessed separately

Long-Term Earth-Moon Evolution With High-Level Orbit and Ocean Tide Models

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/171054/1/jgr_2021_daheretal_earthmoonhistory.pdfDescription of jgr_2021_daheretal_earthmoonhistory.pdf : Main articleSEL

THE ROLE OF QUALITATIVE SOCIAL POLICIES IN ACHIEVING THE HIGHEST INTERNATIONAL INDICATORS OF BALANCE AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

Purpose of the study: The study aimed to identify the role of qualitative social policies in achieving the highest international indicators in the degree of balance and social organization, by taking the UAE as a model in qualitative social policies; with expectations to eventually follow this model. Also, in light of current events, this model has a positive role in reducing the social chaos in many Arab and international countries. Methodology: The methodology of the qualitative analytical approach was used by returning to the statistical reports on indicators of the degree of integration and community organization in the United Arab Emirates United, the historical methodology of returning to documents, records and laws to identify the most prominent policies in the country. Main Findings: The study has concluded that social policy has a major role in achieving the highest degrees of integration and community organization. Applications of this study: The study also reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which were: the need to follow the qualitative social policies as in the model of the United Arab Emirates; and study the feasibility of applying those policies to societies that suffer from Anomie. Novelty/Originality of this study: No study has investigated the relationship between the social policies in the UAE and the international indicators of balance and social organization

Some Result of Triple Fiber Bundle

The aim of this paper to introduce and and study  new concepts of the Triple fiber bundle, Triple local Serre fibration, Triple path lifting property, and prove that the Triple Hurewicz (Serre)  fiber bundle  over paracompact base space is a Triple Hurewicz (Serre) fibration

Epicurs Happiness Theory

The theory of happiness occupies an important place in the history of philosophical thought. It has attracted attention in the history of human and moral thought and the philosophers went on to interpret it in different and different direction. The philosophical sciences are classified in three types: logic, nature, morality, and the theory of happiness comes within philosophy at the Epicririan. Epicor addressed the issue of happiness as a delicate and profound treatment stemming from the Greek nature of life, social and economic crises and political collapse as a result of the wars with the Macedonians, seeking the nature of happiness and all that brings pleasure and pleasure to man, relieves burdens of misery and fears, showing him the path of happiness. تشغل نظرية السعادة مكانة مهمة في تاريخ الفكر الفلسفي، وقد لاقت اهتماماً كبيراً عبر تاريخ الفكر الإنساني والأخلاقي، وذهب الفلاسفة في تفسيرها اتجاهات مختلفة ومتباينة. صنفت الأبيقورية العلوم الفلسفية على ثلاثة أنواع: المنطق، الطبيعة، الأخلاق، وتأتي نظرية السعادة في إطار الفلسفة الأخلاقية عند الأبيقوريين. وقد عالج أبيقور مسألة السعادة معاجلةً دقيقة وعميقة، نابعة من طبيعة الحياة اليونانية المترددة بين الأزمات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والانهيارات السياسية نتيجة الحروب مع المقدونيين، باحثاً عن طبيعة السعادة وكل ما يجلب اللذة والسرور للإنسان، مخففاً عنه أعباء الشقاء والمخاوف، مبيناً له طريق السعادة

Blended learning in undergraduate dental education: a global pilot study.

AIMS: To explore the global trends in blended learning in undergraduate dental education during the COVID pandemic and during the recovery phase by engaging with the students and faculty and evaluate the implications for dental education in the post-COVID era. METHODS: It was a pilot cross-sectional study which employed a convenience sampling technique to recruit representatives of dental faculty and undergraduate students in 80 dental institutions globally. A previously validated questionnaire consisting of a combination of closed and open-ended items was used for data collection. Responses to these online questionnaires were processed and analysed using the R statistical computing environment. RESULTS: A total of 320 dental students and 169 faculty members from 47 different dental institutions participated in the study. Video and Live Online Tutorials were considered to be the most effective method of online learning followed by online question banks by both groups. Significant differences were noted between faculty and students regarding time spent and effectiveness of online teaching and learning, respectively, both before and after the start of COVID. The results highlight the faculty need to engage more closely with the students to address their learning needs. Finally, the participants provided several recommendations regarding the future development of teaching and learning strategies as well as assessments in the post-pandemic era. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study which explores blended learning in dental education with participants from multiple institutions in different regions of the globe. Compared to the faculty, students considered online learning to be less interactive and preferred learning activities and all assessments to be delivered face-to-face. The results underscore the need to adapt teaching practices to suit the learning needs of the students

A pilot Citizens' Assembly on Electricity and Energy Justice in Hamra, Lebanon

The Citizens’ Assembly Pilot (CA) on energy justice and electricity was a conceptual and a methodological experiment conducted over five sessions over three days in the neighborhood of Hamra and Beirut in October and November 2020. The CA aimed at exploring meanings, dimensions, priorities of energy justice in a deliberative democratic setting. The CA tackled five main questions: How did we get to where we are? What is energy justice to us? What is the energy-mix we would like to have? What do we need to be doing as individuals and communities to achieve a better energy future? How should we move forward with our decisions on the above questions? The responses produced interesting findings for researchers and international stakeholders to consider further; such as skepticism over renewable energy targets, the interest in circular solutions to solve multiple intersecting service sectors like waste and water in particular. It also raised questions over decentralization as well as privatization at different scales of governance

A comparative assessment of the amount and rate of orthodontic space closure toward a healed vs recent lower premolar extraction site.

To investigate and compare the amount and rate of space closure and tooth tipping during orthodontic space closure toward a recent vs healed first premolar extraction site. The mandibular arches of 23 patients were included. Treatment plans included lower first premolar extractions. After reaching 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless-steel archwires (SSAW), patients were subdivided into two groups (Group 1: space closure was carried out toward a healed first premolar extraction space and Group 2: space closure was carried out immediately after first premolar extraction). Elastomeric power chain from second molar to second molar was used to close lower extraction spaces. The following time points were defined: T1: just before space closure; T2-T4: 1-3 months after initial space closure. Records consisted of dental study models. The amount and rate of extraction space closure were evaluated at each time point. In Group 1 (healed socket), a total amount of 1.98 mm (coronally) and 1.75 mm (gingivally) of space closure was achieved. The rate of space closure was 0.66 mm/month coronally and 0.58 mm/month gingivally. In Group 2 (recent socket), the total amount of space closure was 3.02 mm coronally and 2.68 mm gingivally. The rate of space closure was 1.01 mm/month coronally and 0.89 mm/month gingivally. Differences between the two groups were significant (P .05). In the lower arch, the amount and rate of space closure toward a recent extraction site were higher than that toward a healed extraction socket with similar tipping of teeth in both groups.This study was supported by the Deanship of Research/Jordan University of Science and Technology (Grant number 53/2019)