Interleukin-1 Two-Locus Haplotype Is Strongly Associated with Severe Chronic Periodontitis among Yemenis

Aim. To assess IL-1A C[−889]T and IL-1B C[3954]T genotypes as well as haplotypes in relation to sever chronic periodontitis (SCP) among Yemenis. Materials and Methods. 40 cases with SCP and 40 sex- and age-matched controls were included; all were nonsmokers and free of systemic diseases. Genotyping at each locus was performed using an established PCR-RFLP assay. The Haploview and SimHap software were used to assess data for Hardy-Weinberg's equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) and to obtain subject-level haplotypes. Multiple logistic regression was used to seek for associations in dominant, additive, and recessive models. Results. Mean plaque index (MPI) showed the strongest association with SCP (OR=16). A significant LD was observed in the cases (D'=0.80 and r2=0.47). The genotype at each locus showed significant association with SCP in the recessive model (TT versus TC+CC) even after adjustment for MPI (OR=6.29 & 461, resp.). The C-T haplotype conferred protection against SCP in a dominant manner (OR=0.16). On the other hand, the T-T haplotype in double dose (recessive model) showed strong association with CP (OR=15.6). Conclusions. IL-1 two-locus haplotype is associated with SCP in Yemenis. Haplotype-based analysis may be more suited for use in genetic association studies of periodontitis

Effect of partial ferrule on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth: A meta-analysis of in-vitro studies.

The present meta-analysis aimed to answer the following research question: In endodontically treated teeth (ETT), what is the effect of partial ferrule (PF) on fracture resistance compared to complete ferrule (CF) and/or no ferrule (NF)? PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published until May 20, 2022. In vitro studies that compared the effect of partial ferrule with that of complete ferrule and/or no ferrule on fracture resistance of ETT were included. The studies were assessed for risk of bias, and a meta-analysis was performed. Seventeen in vitro studies comprising 807 teeth were included. Nine studies were at a high risk of bias and eight presented a moderate risk of bias. Overall, the results showed that CF was superior to PF in increasing fracture resistance (SMD= 0.93, CI= 0.57-1.29, P< 0.0001), with no change in the effect based on the type of teeth (P< 0.001). However, the subgroup analysis found that PF 2 mm buccal, lingual, and buccal and lingual ferrule were comparable to CF (P= 0.06). Additionally, the PF group showed significantly higher fracture resistance than the NF group (SMD= 2.02, CI= 1.54-2.49, P< 0.00001). Although CF design provided the highest fracture resistance to restored ETT, PF can still be a viable option for restoring ETT in cases where CF is not feasible

Oral melanosis and severe periodontitis in toombak case report

International audienceBackground: Toombak is a traditional type of smokeless tobacco used by people in Yemen, especially in Dawan Valley, Hadramout Province, Yemen. The use of smokeless tobacco may be considered as a predisposing risk factor for several oral diseases. Case Presentation: This paper presents two cases. The first is that of a 27-year-old male toombak user with severe periodontitis and oral melanosis. The second case is that of a 44year-old male toombak user with oral hypermelanosis. The patients were subjected to dental cleaning. Quit toombak counseling was conducted, and the patients were educated about the adverse effects of toombak usage. Conclusion: Oral tissues are severely affected by toombak usage. Thus, comprehensive toombak prevention programs should be implemented to reduce toombak-associated diseases

Psychological treatments for temporomandibular disorder pain—A systematic review

Objective: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common. They affect abilities for carrying out daily tasks and influence different psychological aspects. In addition to standard treatment, psychological treatments have been suggested. The aim was to investigate the effects of psychological treatments on patients with painful TMD in a short- and long-term perspective. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting psychological interventions for TMD. Registered beforehand in PROSPERO (CRD42022320106). In total, 18 RCTs were included; six RCTs that could be used in the meta-analysis, and all 18 RCTs were used in the narrative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane's tool for assessing risk of bias and certainty of evidence by GRADE. Results: The narrative synthesis indicates that psychological treatment options seem equivalent to standard treatment for painful TMD. The meta-analysis showed that a combination of psychological treatment and standard treatment and manual treatment (very low-quality evidence) are significantly better in pain reduction than just counselling and standard treatments of TMD. Conclusion:This study indicates that psychological treatments seem to reduce pain intensity in individuals with painful TMD, and that the effect seems to be equally good as standard treatment. However, a combination of psychological treatments and standard treatments seems to have an even better effect. This indicates that psychological treatments are promising as an additional treatment approach for painful TMDs