Diary of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution in the Egyptian Government Press: يوميات ثورة المجر 1956 في الصحافة الحكومية المصرية

During the summer and fall of 1956, the attention of the Egyptian and international public opinion and the political leadership was dominated by several exciting internal and external events: crises of financing the construction of the High Dam in Aswan, the nationalization of the Suez Canal Company, and the tripartite aggression against Egypt. However, these important events did not distract attention from the Egyptian press coverage of news and commentary related to the simultaneous Hungarian revolution. All contemporary Egyptian newspapers wrote about the situation in Hungary and followed the incoming news constantly, and even often published several news daily in this regard, which represented interest in the Hungarian issue. Recently, many studies on the echoes of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 were released. In this article, I will focus primarily on how the Egyptian governmental newspapers dealt with the 1956 revolution. Among the Egyptian newspapers, I searched Al- Gomhoria, Al-Ahram, Akhbar Al-Youm. I chose these newspapers because they are the largest and most well-known daily newspapers in Egypt and the Arab world. All are daily newspapers with a great history and international reputation, and they deal with international news, especially political issues. These three newspapers are among the best Arab sources for true investigative journalism and objective political analysis. These newspapers address a large target audience, and their content is varied. These newspapers have published materials that are worthy of analysis on the Hungarian revolution by adopting three different methods of approaching

The Consequences of the Six Day War for the Jewish Communities of Arab countries from Hungarian Perspective

Jews living in Arab countries faced discrimination even before 1967, namely after the establishment of a territorial Jewish State in 1948. However, the Six-Day War brought them further suffering, which often had a serious impact on the existence of Israelite communities dating back to ancient times. The significant reduction in the size of some Jewish communities in the Arab world depended largely on the policies of their ‘mother state’. Thus, Jewish emigration was less decisive in Maghreb countries, where governments sought to protect their Jewish citizens from atrocities fuelled by anti-Jewish and anti- Semitic sentiments.1 The situation was quite different in the Middle Eastern states, where governments themselves were often responsible for some incidents against Jews. The Hungarian Foreign Ministry also tried to follow all these events, but due to the political and interstate relations of the time, it did not always manage to form a realistic image of them

Epidemiological study of bloody diarrhoea among children in Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract.Introduction: Diarrhoeais an easily preventable and treatable disease; however it is still a major public health problem particularly in developing world.Bloody diarrhoea in young children is usually a sign of invasive enteric infection that carries risk of serious morbidity and death. In Iraq diarrhoea is the second common cause of mortalities among children. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of bloody diarrhoea among children less than 10 years old, in Baghdad.  Material and methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted included 1500 children with diarrhoea, ageing < 10 years old. Mothers were interviewed to obtain the necessarily information. Clinical examination and stool laboratory tests were performed for all children.Results: The prevalence of bloody diarrhoea was 28%. Bloody diarrhoea was significantly higher among children aged 7-9 years old, living in rural areas, with illiterate mother, river water is a household source of water, and on exclusive bottle feeding. Sex of child and working mother were not significant. Entamoeba Histolytica was the main causative agents especially among age group1-3years old. Salmonella and Shigella were common among age group 4-6 years old. Conclusion: The prevalence of bloody diarrhoea was high. Entamoeba Histolytica was the main costive agent. Poor sanitary condition and low socio-economic status may contribute to bloody diarrhoea among children in Iraq.Keywords: childhood  bloody diarrhea, risk factors, causative pathogens , environmental sanitation, breast feedin

Simulation of Mathematical Model for Lung and Mechanical Ventilation

A mathematical model of lung behavior describes the lung status during normal breathing and artificial ventilation in patients. This paper proposes a new approach of Mathematical Model (MM) improvement for mechanical ventilation including Positive End Expiration Pressure (PEEP) and dynamic compliance (C) , which represents the relation between lung volume and pressure during artificial ventilation.MM has been expressed using linear, quadratic and exponential equations to represent the combination of inspiration and expiration in case Pressure Controlled Ventilator (PCV) and Volume Controlled Ventilator (VCV). Additionally, VCV and PCV signals have been simulated for both ideal and practical case. The MM has been constructed by Matlab platform, where the simulator monitors artificial ventilation pressure, volume and flow curves of VCV and PCV with new considerations PEEP and dynamic compliance monitoring. The simulated MM provides a simple environment for testing and monitoring VCV and PCV and the lung function laboratory.It can be used for instruction and training

Artificial Light at Night and Breast Cancer

An increased risk of breast cancer has been associated with light at night (LAN). Several risk factors have been identified that play a crucial role in causing most cancers such as the consumption of alcohol and smoking, and low fruit and vegetable intake. As a risk factor for cancer, environmental factors also play an essential role including indoor and outdoor air pollution. Light pollution has been found to be a risk factor for breast cancer in the form of artificial light at night, with melatonin being the mediator between environment and the epigenome. The risk of cancer in night shift workers can also amplify by artificial light at night. Light at night may also effects sleep disruptions and also considered as a risk factor of breast cancer

Maternal obesity and its relation with the cesarean section: A hospital based cross sectional study in Iraq

BACKGROUND: Obesity during pregnancy is reported in approximately one in five pregnant women worldwide. It increases the risk of pregnancy complications many of which necessitate Cesarean section (CS). This study determines the association between obesity and type of delivery. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 404 pregnant women was carried out at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Women with hypertension, diabetes, preterm labor, fetal presentation other than cephalic presentation and multiple gestations were excluded from the study. BMI and past obstetric history were recorded. RESULTS: The overall rate of CS was 38%. The overall mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.0 ± 4.52 Kg/m(2) and it was significantly higher among women who delivered by cesarean section. Significantly high rate of CS was found in primigravida and multigravida women with high BMI. Moreover, all obese multigravid women with history of previous CS were delivered by CS. The rate of CS was higher in women with primary level education when compared to women with secondary or tertiary education. CS was significantly lower in women with a previous history of abortion. CONCLUSION: Obese women with or without a previous history of CS are at a higher risk of having a CS and should therefore be considered as high risk and managed appropriately during pregnancy. Weight management prior to or during pregnancy could help reduce the need for CS

Modren Patterns of Residential Units and their Impact in Deformation of the Morphoogy of the Rural Settlements in Iraq

يعمل البحث على ايجاد العلاقة والاثر الذي يتركه استحداث وانشاء الوحدات السكنية الحديثة النمط (المواد الانشائية واللغة المعمارية الحديثة) في تغيير وتشويه واقع التشكيل (المورفولوجيا) للنسيج السكني في المستوطنة الريفية في منطقة وسط العراق. تم ابتداءا استعراض خصائص نمط التشكيل للوحدة السكنية في الريف العراقي والمتوارث من الماضي، وكذلك معرفة العناصر التي اسهمت في احداث هذا النمط ليكون قاعدة للمقارنة مع خصائص الانماط الحديثة للوحدات السكنية في المستوطنة. وفي ضوء اجراء القياس لخصائص التشكيل لنمط المسكن التقليدي ومقارنتها مع مثيلاتها ذات النمط الحديث (الماخوذ من نماذج وحدات سكنية لمجموعة قرى في وسط العراق) واجراء استبيان لساكني القرى المذكورة وكذلك استبيان مجموعة من المختصين المعماريين، فقد تبين وجود مؤشرات واضحة تخص حدوث ظاهرة التشويه وعدم الملاءمة الحاصلة بسبب ظهور النمط الحديث من التشكيل للوحدات السكنية واختلاطه بالنمط التقليدي ضمن المستوطنة الريفية.Research work on finding out the role of the existence of houses of new pattern in changing and deforming the morphology of rural statement in the middle region in Iraq. The first stage was to explore the charachteristics of traditional house in Iraqi rural statement and find out the factors that made these charachteristics to make easy make a comparison of new houses with new pattern. A finding result shows up that deformation may occurs in architectural forms in case of the absence of specific beauty elements.  To make sure of that ,  verbal and written quastionaires were done  for selected rural statments houses owners and  architecture experts who indicated the presence of big deformation in samples of houses tissue that include both traditional and new pattern  together in rural statements

Radon Calibration System

In this chapter, an irradiation radon system was explained in detail. This system is based on soil gas as a natural radon source. The radon system was used to determine both the calibration factor of the radon detector and the equilibrium factor between radon and its short-lived daughters. Also, the calibration factor has been calculated theoretically and experimentally. The effect of humidity upon the calibration factor has been investigated. The diffusion of radon through polyethylene membrane has been determined using new nuclear method. This method depends upon the physical decay of radon